Our purpose is not to define a particular philosophy of management but rather to demonstrate some of the ways in which philosophy — ethics, metaphysics, epistemology, logic and æsthetics — contributes to the practice of management. We identify a number of contemporary management questions, procedures or issues where the application of philosophical approaches is relevant and show how philosophical skills, an understanding of philosophical principles or exposure to philosophical discussion can contribute to improved management practice.

Impact modelling for shot peening or peen forming has progressed from simulating a single impact (or local multiple impacts) to simulating a large number of multiple impacts. It is the aim of this paper to provide quantitative results with a detailed finite element study, and to compare the effects of a single impact and global multiple impacts. Using a two-dimensional (2D) axisymmetric single impact model with a very fine mesh as reference, an appropriate three-dimensional (3D) mesh density for the target material is chosen by evaluating the 3D results against the axisymmetric results. A 3D explicit dynamic finite element analysis combined with a static springback analysis is then used to simulate a large number of steel shot impacts on an aluminium 2024-T351 target. The multiple impact modelling results indicate a clear difference of residual stress profiles between those obtained from single and multiple impact modelling. This difference is due to the global uniformity effects of shot peening, which involves numerous impacts. In addition, equivalent plastic strain obtained from the analysis is compared with microhardness test data on an experimental sample. Finally, the shot peen forming effect of multiple impacts is also evaluated by showing the macroscopic surface deformation. The comparison between single and multiple impact modelling results indicates that it is appropriate and important to model an appropriate coverage of multiple impacts for shot peening and peen forming at its various coverage.

As with all Cambridge teaching, the Cambridge Manufacturing Leaders' Programme is based on oneto-one tutorial supervision, comprising guidance throughout a major strategic development project in the programme participant's company, interspersed with reflective study time spent in Cambridge.In this paper a description of the course is set in a wider philosophical context, looking at the role of work in a personal developmental sense, and the responsibility carried by manufacturing leaders for shaping and guiding that process.It is shown that the programme is rooted in and embodies important aspects of our European heritage regarding work as a learning process and the master/apprentice relationship as a way of giving educational guidance.

The paper analyses the wind turbine characteristics and doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) stator magnetic field orientation vector control principle, realizes DFIG active power and reactive power decoupling control. After the decoupling, the paper adopts sliding mode (SMC) control theory, proposes a control strategy to track the maximum wind energy. The method can increase the system robustness and realizes VSCF control and MPPT tracking control. The method improves the system fast tracking, stability, and makes wind power generation system capture more wind energy. Finally, the simulation results of controller verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the control strategy proposed in this paper.

This paper delves into a subset of engineering for sustainable development the engineering of sustainable textiles using bamboo. The experiments performed attempt to answer two main questions: (1) what are the differences in textile properties between chemically-manufactured and mechanically-manufactured bamboo textiles? and (2) what are the differences in textile properties between two different species of bamboo? The textile properties examined relate to sustainability: wear and tear (and therefore durability) and moisture wicking (and therefore the need for machine washing and drying). The following are measured for fibre, yarn, and fabric: tear force, breaking force, breaking tenacity, moisture absorption and speed of drying, and surface morphology.

The work detailed in this paper is focused on updating and refining a coning rotor wind turbine concept. The coning rotor combines the load shedding properties of flapping hinges with gross change in rotor area, via large coning angles, to affect increased energy capture at nominally constant system cost. Previous studies have indicated that the large cost of energy reductions is possible, compared to the state-of-the-art machines then, particularly for abundant but presently uneconomic low-wind sites. Almost ten years later, the fundamentals of the design remain sound, but bear reevaluation relative to current machines, both exploiting modern power electronics and control technology. The coning rotor was never optimized in its own right, so an integrated design tool suitable for human and computer refinement of the design has been developed. Incorporated into the tool is a corrected blade element momentum method that more properly accounts for coned rotor aerodynamics. A discussion of the development of coning rotors is presented, along with a comparison to present operational strategies. Results obtained for nondimensionalized rotors and specific machine optimization studies are presented, followed by a discussion of further issues to be addressed.

An optimisation method based on an effective process model is presented. The calibrated and verified process model simulates peening on realistic components and provides a non-linear relationship between peening parameters and deflections. An optimal solution can be found by minimising the deviation of the computed deformed shape from the desired shape subject to certain constraints. This optimal solution of peening parameters can be directly used for practical operations. An optimisation example for forming a cylindrical shape on a 76mm×76mm×3mm sample is provided. The experimental results demonstrate the applicability of the present optimisation method.

The robotic system of a two-link flexible manipulator is decomposed into an input-output subsystem and a zero dynamics subsystem using the input-output linearization technique. A novel inverse dynamics nonsingular terminal sliding mode controller is designed to make the input-output subsystem converge to its equilibrium point in finite time. The parameters of the zero dynamic subsystem are optimized by a genetic algorithm so that the zero dynamics subsystem is asymptotically stable at equilibrium point and finally the whole original flexible manipulator system is guaranteed to be asymptotically stable. Additionally, in order to overcome the chattering, this paper adapts a fuzzy logic controller to realize the nonlinear switching function. Simulation results are presented to validate the design.

The paper proposes a terminal sliding mode control for the delayed input system with matched uncertainties. Through the state transformation, the delayed input system with uncertainties is transformed into the non-delayed controllable canonical form For the controllable canonical form, the paper designs a terminal sliding mode and terminal sliding control law with the Lyapunov method that makes both the reaching time of the any initial state and the converging time to the equilibrium points is in finite time. During the designation of the terminal sliding mode, a derivate estimator is adopted. The simulation results show the validation of the method.

In any group of people, cohesion depends on relationship competence. This involves insightful, intuitive and empathetic noticing of each others’ needs and proactive taking of responsibility to help each other, deeply founded in good intent; indeed, it is the basis of all professional behaviour. This paper reports on a study of productive relationships in civil engineering that has given rise to a model and a framework for guiding and assessing the development of this aspect of professional competence. The model is outlined in the paper along with comments from civil engineers and other construction professionals.

All the blades which power the world's growing number of wind turbines are made of composite materials. However, from the beginning, the best blades have used wood – a naturally growing fibre reinforced composite material – as the primary structural material, comprising some 70% of the weight of the blade. This has been done because wood has superb fatigue behaviour and an unbeatable strength/cost ratio, and it is also a low energy input material. Over 20 years the wood used has progressed from khaya (African mahogany) to poplar to Finnish birch, birch being the best wood available for this usage in the Western world. The only wood available which has better properties than birch is bamboo and a supply route is now being developed for this material.

An equivalent loading unit that can produce a plastic layer was used to model the macroscopic forming effects of shot peening. Because a specific plastic coverage exists in which the individual peen impacts can be regarded as acting independently, their cumulative effects can be assumed to be distributed in the plastic layer as the result of a static load. The loading unit corresponds to the macroscopic stretching strain and can be conveniently calibrated from the peening parameters, such as shot radius, mass flow rate and air pressure. For more intensive peening, the number of loading cycles is in direct proportion to the peening time, which makes the model applicable to practical applications. Compared with experiments, this model gives a good prediction of the peen-formed deflection.

Whereas Newton traced a beam of white light passing through a prism and fanning out into the colours of the rainbow as it was refracted, Goethe looked through a prism and was concerned with understanding what his eye subjectively saw. He created a sequence of experiments which produced what appeared to be anomalies in Newton's theory. What he was carefully illustrating concerns limitations accepted when following a scientifically objective approach. Newton was concerned with the description of ‘facts’ derived from the analysis of observations. Goethe was concerned with the synthesis of meaning. He then went on to describe subjective techniques for training ‘the mind's eye’ to work efficiently in the subjective world of the imagination. Derided as ‘not science’, what he was actually describing is the skill which is central to creative design.

A finite element analysis of multiple random impacts involved in shot peen forming is presented. An explicit dynamic algorithm for modelling up to 1000 impacts and a static algorithm for spring-back simulation are combined to achieve a final curved shape after shot peening on a small sized aluminium 2024-T351 sample. The development of the plastic zones, residual stresses, and the final deflection is given by simulating the experimental conditions. The comparison between simulation results and experiments shows that the finite element impact modelling is able to investigate the macroscopic effects (e.g. curvature) of shot peening as well as the microscopic effects (e.g. local plasticity and residual stresses).

The belief that business processes can be automated, so that people can be slotted in and out at will and made to follow standardised mental processes, is a Taylorist control process in which people are dehumanised. They are wanted as consumers but demeaned as producers. However, people identify themselves as producers and their relationships as producers define society. The paper discusses work within ESTIEM (European Students of Industrial Engineering and Management) to understand the sense making and sense giving dimension of leadership in manufacturing, to counter this problem and make manufacturing meaningful in society as a skill based way of living.

Business Ethics: A European ReviewVolume 12, Issue 4 p. 354-357 Meaningful manufacturing – the sustainability of sense-giving work Jim Platts, Jim PlattsSearch for more papers by this author Jim Platts, Jim PlattsSearch for more papers by this author First published: 03 October 2003 https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8608.00336AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume12, Issue4October 2003Pages 354-357 RelatedInformation

Peen forming is an important process for the manufacturing of integral wing skins. In order to design the initial blank shape from the three-dimensional computer model for this process, a computer-aided method is presented. Based on the assumption of small curvatures produced by peen forming, this method deals with quadrilateral mesh, hypothesised in-plane deformation, and minimising the area error of mapping. The algorithm is applied to several examples in order to confirm its validity.