In the present research, waste polyethylene (WPE)/Bi2O3 composites have been investigated as lightweight, inexpensive, and nontoxic lead-free gamma-ray shielding materials. Different WPE-based composites were prepared with varying concentrations of Bi2O3 (30 and 40 phr). The effect of adding ZnO and CuO nanoparticles (NPs) inside the WPE/Bi2O3 (30) matrix was studied by incorporating 10 phr of NPs inside it. The nanocomposites' structural, thermal, and mechanical properties and competence in shielding against gamma-radiation are studied. The outcomes revealed that the mechanical properties of the pristine WPE were enhanced after incorporating Bi2O3 by 30 phr, and then it worsened after increasing the Bi2O3 ratio to 40 phr. In contrast, better mechanical properties were obtained for those composites with NPs, where the maximum tensile strength (16.2 MPa) was recorded for the WPE/Bi2O3/CuO composite (higher than WPE by 47.27%). Numbers of parameters like mu(m), HVL (half-value layer), TVL (tenth value layer), RPE%, and percentage of heaviness can denote the efficiency of shielding properties of composites at 662 KeV from Cs-137 point source. It was found that mu(m) and RPE% reach the maximum value for WPE/Bi2O3 (40 phr). Adding NPs decreases mu(m) of WPE/Bi2O3 (30) slightly. Highlights Composites based on waste polyethylene (WPE)/Bi2O3 (30 and 40 phr) were fabricated. Nano CuO and ZnO improved the mechanical properties of WPE/Bi2O3 (30). WPE/Bi2O3 (40) composites show the best shielding characteristics. Nano CuO and ZnO slightly decreased mu(m) of WPE/Bi2O3 (30).

In this study, different polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/methylcellulose/WO3 nanocomposites with composition of xPVA-(100-x) Methylcellulose (MC)-2WO3 (where x = 100, 80, 60, 40, 20, and 0 wt%) were prepared successfully by solution casting technique. WO3 nanoparticles were introduced with 2 wt% to enhance the dielectric performance of the PVA/MC blend. The effect of changing PVA/MC weight ratios inside the nanocomposites on the structural, optical, and dielectric properties were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-VIS, and dielectric relaxation spectroscopy. The intensity of the PVA peak was altered randomly with varying MC ratios in the nanocomposites, which indicated disruption of the crystalline phase of PVA. Among nanocomposites, 20PVA-80MC-2WO3 showed the highest electrical conductivity, highest dielectric constant, longest relaxation time, and the lowest optical energy band gap due to the increased amorphous phase and disorders. In contrast, 60PVA-40MC-2WO3 exhibits the lowest dielectric constant and lowest conductivity, because of its high crystallinity. The decrease in the real part of impedance (Z ') value was seen in samples containing both PVA and MC polymers compared with that containing one polymer species, which attributed to the rise in the proportion of amorphous regions, leading to increased mobility of the polymer chains. Nyquist plots of nanocomposites showed angled spike and semicircle combinations, which are the typical characteristics of ionic conducting materials. Our results show that nanocomposites' PVA/MC ratio may be adjusted for many applications like energy storage, radiofrequency, and optoelectronics.

In this paper, a polyethylene oxide/polyvinylpyrrolidone blend (PEO/PVP; 70/ 30 wt%) was manufactured via the solution casting process. The influence of varying content of Ti3C2 MXene on the structural, optical, and photocatalytic performance of PEO/PVP mixture against MB dye is studied. The absorbance of PEO/PVP was increased at the visible range after adding Ti3C2, which is attributed to the plasmon resonance in MXene. With increasing MXene ratios inside PEO/PVP, optical conductivity, optical dielectric constant, direct and indirect bandgaps, and refractive index are found to decrease. Furthermore, the effect of MXene on some dispersion parameters was estimated. The photocatalytic performance of a 1 cm2 sheet of PEO/PVP blend against MB dye degradation was found to be influenced by MXene content. The degradation % of MB dye after 120 min increased from 48 % for pure blend to 51, 52, 54, and 61.6 % after incorporating 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 wt% of MXene, respectively. The rate constant of the photocatalytic degradation (k) value was enhanced from 0.0054 for pure PEO/PVP to 0.0057, 0.0058, 0.0063, and 0.008 after adding 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 wt% of MXene respectively, indicating MXene enhanced the degradation rate. The findings endorsed MXene to change structural, optical parameters and the photocatalytic performance of the PEO/PVP blend to be suitable for many applications.

This study studied novel bismuth silicate borate glasses with different bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) concentrations for their optical and gamma-radiation shielding capabilities. The glass samples were characterized using UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy to determine their optical properties, including the optical absorption spectra, absorption edge, and optical band gaps. The FLUKA algorithm was used to determine the radiation shielding parameters in the energy range of 0.01-15 MeV. The results revealed that the optical absorption edge and intensity were influenced by the Bi2O3 concentration, with the highest absorption observed in the sample with 35 mol% Bi2O3. The direct and indirect optical band gaps decreased with adding Bi2O3 up to 15 mol%, then increased at 25 mol%, and then reduced to the lowest value at 35 mol%. The system's crystallite size grew as the amount of Bi2O3 in the sample increased, as revealed by XRD. With increasing Bi2O3 content, it was discovered that the mass attenuation coefficient (mu m) and radiation shielding effectiveness rose. The effective atomic number (Zeff) values increased as Bi2O3 content grew. T0.5 values of the glass samples increased as the energy increased and decreased as the Bi2O3 concentration increased. These findings suggest that prepared glasses with high Bi2O3 concentrations have potential applications in radiation shielding and optoelectronics.

Studies have shown an increased incidence of metabolic syndrome (MS) among irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients; we aimed to assess the eligibility of IBS as a risk factor for MS. PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science were searched on the 1st of January 2023. Only observational controlled studies were included. Analysis was conducted by RevMan software version 5.4. IBS was associated with an increased incidence of MS (RR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.50 to 2.79, p-value >0.00001). A significant association was seen between IBS, abdominal obesity (RR = 1.28, p-value = 0.0003), and increased waist circumference (MD = 5.01, 95% CI = 1.29 to 8.72, p-value = 0.008). IBS patients didn't have an increased risk of diabetes (RR= 1.29, 95% CI = 0.85 to 1.98, p-value = 0.23), however, they had increased HOMA- IR (MD = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.15 to 0.26, p-value < 0.00001). Analysis of blood pressure revealed an association between systolic not diastolic hypertension and IBS (MD = -0.50, 95% CI = -0.60 to -0.40, p-value >0.00001). Higher levels of LDL cholesterol (MD = 5.98, 95% CI = 0.91 to 11.05, p-value = 0.02), total cholesterol (MD = 12.21, 95% CI = 6.23 to 18.18, p-value >0.0001), and triglyceride (MD = 11.93, 95% CI = 11.55 to 12.31, p-value >0.00001) were detected among IBS patients. IBS patients are at increased risk for MS and its components. Accordingly, patients should be screened for MS, and preventive programs should be implemented.

In this study, a novel method for the fabrication of hesperidin/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite (RGOH) with the assistance of gamma rays is reported. The different RGOHs were obtained by varying hesperidin concentrations (25, 50, 100, and 200 wt.%) in graphene oxide (GO) solution. Hesperidin concentrations (25, 50, 100, and 200 wt.%) in graphene oxide (GO) were varied to produce the various RGOHs. Upon irradiation with 80 kGy from γ-Ray, the successful reduction of GO occurred in the presence of hesperidin. The reduction process was confirmed by different characterization techniques such as FTIR, XRD, HRTEM, and Raman Spectroscopy. A cytotoxicity study using the MTT method was performed to evaluate the cytotoxic-anticancer effects of arbitrary RGOH on Wi38, CaCo2, and HepG2 cell lines. The assessment of RGOH’s anti-inflammatory activity, including the monitoring of IL-1B and IL-6 activities as well as NF-kB gene expression was done. In addition, the anti-invasive and antimetastatic properties of RGOH, ICAM, and VCAM were assessed. Additionally, the expression of the MMP2-9 gene was quantified. The assessment of apoptotic activity was conducted by the detection of gene expressions related to BCl2 and P53. The documentation of the JNK/SMAD4/MMP2 signaling pathway was ultimately accomplished. The findings of our study indicate that RGOH therapy has significant inhibitory effects on the JNK/SMAD4/MMP2 pathway. This suggests that it could be a potential therapeutic option for cancer.

The remarkable progress in the production of two-dimensional (2D) materials has brought about a fundamental change in material chemistry, significantly impacting the manufacturing sector concerning the range of products available to the worldwide population. Developing intelligent textiles is a notable technological advancement that holds significant promise when comprehended and effectively implemented. This review will overview recent developments in prominent flexible smart textiles fabricated using 2D materials. Different ideas, different preparation methods, and functionalization were discussed. The present discourse accentuates explicit depictions of diverse, intelligent implementations of 2D materials in smart textiles for different applications such as triboelectric nanogenerators, EMI shielding materials, strain sensors, thermoregulation, self-fire retardance, human motion recognition, and gas sensing.

The impact of graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticle content and exposure to electron beam (EB) on the tensile, dynamic mechanical, water uptake, and thermal properties of high-density polyethylene/bagasse fibers composite was investigated. The GO was added at different loading levels: 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 parts per hundred parts of plastic (php), while 2 doses of EB were used (100 and 200 kGy). The influence of adding 10 php of carbon black (CB) to the HDPE/BF was also investigated. The addition of GO and irradiation up to 100 kGy, along with the inclusion of 10 php of CB, led to improvements in tensile strength, elastic modulus, storage modulus, and hardness. The composite containing 1 php of GO and exposed to 100 kGy, demonstrated the highest tensile strength value, with a 47.3% improvement compared with the unirradiated one. This composite also, exhibited the lowest values of water absorption percent (3.7%) and diffusion coefficient (0.007 mm2/h) compared with the unirradiated HDPE/BF composite. These results suggest that the resulting composite has potential for use in advanced industrial applications due to its improved physicomechanical properties.Highlights Composites based on high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and bagasse fibers (BF) were fabricated The incorporation of graphene oxide (GO) improved the mechanical properties. GO and electron beam (EB) irradiation enhanced the water resistance of HDPE/BF composite. Both GO and EB increased the thermal stability of HDPE/BF composite.

Flexible supercapacitors (FS) are ideal as power backups for upcoming stretchable electronics due to their high power density and good mechanical compliance. However, lacking technology for FS mass manufacturing is still a significant obstacle. The present study describes a novel method for preparing FS based on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) using the N+ plasma technique, in which N+ reduces graphene oxide on the surface of a cotton/polyester substrate. The effect of aloe vera (AV) as a natural reducing capping agent and carbon nanotubes (CNT) as nanoconductors on the electrochemical performance of the electrodes is studied. FESEM and XPS were employed to investigate the electrodes' structural and chemical composition of electrodes. The galvanostatic charge–discharge curves of electrodes revealed the enhancement of the electrochemical activity of the as-prepared electrode upon additions of AV and CNT. The areal capacitance of the RGO, RGO/AV, and RGO/AV/CNT supercapacitors at 5 mV/s was 511, 1244.5, and 1879 mF/cm2, respectively. The RGO electrode showed capacitive retention of 80.9

The increasing demand for renewable energy sources worldwide and the predicted depletion of current fossil fuel sources need continuous energy storage and conversion technology development. The use of supercapacitors (SC) as electrical energy storage devices in consumer electronics items and alternative power sources is an interesting and potentially lucrative area of application. Therefore, continuous developments are conducted to improve SC performance using different composites and nanocomposites. Carbon materials in SC are among the most important uses of this material. This chapter provides a short communication on recent progress in supercapacitor-based carbon materials. Various fundamental carbon allotropes were presented and debated, including fullerene, carbon nanotubes, and graphene-based supercapacitors.

Novel fluorophosphate glass systems with the chemical composition of 20NaF-60P2O5-20Na2O doped with 3 wt % of different transition metals (CuO, CoO, Fe2O3 , and NiO) were fabricated by conventional melting. The in-fluence of transition metals doping on the photoluminescence (PL) and dielectric properties of base systems is investigated. The sample doped with Fe2O3 displayed the lowest PL intensity compared to the highest PL in-tensity for CuO. Adding CuO and Fe2O3 to the base composite enhances the dielectric parameters slightly. The highest energy density values are observed for the base composite doped with CuO, and Fe2O3 , while the lowest energy density values are detected for NiO and CoO-doped systems. The improved ac conductivity of the base system upon adding CuO and Fe2O3 is ascribed to increasing the polaron hopping between their ions in the valence states. However, adding CoO and NiO to the base composite may hinder the charge carriers' motion and decrease its conductivity. The non-Debye-type is the dominant relaxation process for all the systems under investigation.

Different novel fluorophosphate glasses with the chemical composition of 20NaF-60P2O5 -20Na2O doped with 3wt% of CuO, CoO, Fe2O3 , and NiO were fabricated by quenching melting. The influence of doped transition metals on photoluminescence (PL) and dielectric properties was investigated. It was found that the system doped with Fe2O3 displayed the lowest PL intensity compared to the highest PL intensity for CuO. Adding CoO and Fe2O3 increased the dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the hosting system by improving dipole polarization. Doping with CoO and Fe2O3 raised the computed energy density of the base system, but adding NiO and CuO decreased it. AC conductivity of the base system was improved after doping with CoO and Fe2O3 , ascribed to increased polaron hopping between their ions in the valence states. Conversely, doping with CuO and NiO reduced the σ ac of the hosting system due to impeding charge carrier mobility.

Vitamin D plays a central role in maintaining calcium, phosphorus, and bone homeostasis in close interaction with the parathyroid hormone. Obesity is a significant health problem worldwide, particularly in developed nations. The current study was carried out to investigate the possible relationship between body mass index (BMI) elevation and differentiation in 25-hydroxyvitamin D (VD), vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene expression, and genetic polymorphism besides oxidative stress in adult Egyptian individuals. This was done to explore the mechanisms underlying the suggested role of the VD/VDR complex in the pathogenesis of obesity. A total of 70 subjects (30 obese, 25 overweight, and 15 normal, age: 20–50 years, without other chronic diseases) were selected. The study focused on the determination of VD, VDR gene polymorphism, VDR gene expression, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus, glucose, lipid profile, oxidative stress including, oxidant (malondialdehyde), and anti-oxidants (reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase). The results showed that elevation in BMI led to the percentage of the Ff 'allele' becoming predominant, while the percentage of the FF 'allele' was in the normal BMI range. Also, BMI elevation caused significant reductions in VD and VDR expression, with significant elevations in alkaline phosphatase and the levels of calcium and phosphate in serum. Also, oxidative stress increases with increasing BMI. Elevation in BMI causes a reduction in VD concentration and VDR gene expression levels. Also, the percentage of heterozygous mutant genotype Ff 'allele' is predominantly in the obese human, in contrast to normal subjects, where the percentage of homozygous wild genotype FF 'allele' is predominant. In general, the genetic expression and polymorphism of VD and VDR can be used as a genetic marker for predisposition, diagnosis, prognosis, and progression of obesity.

The decoration of polypyrrole (Ppy) quantum dots on graphene oxide (GO), Ppy/GO, composite is prepared through the in situ polymerization process. The chemical structure of Ppy, GO, and Ppy/GO is confirmed using XRD, XPS, and FTIR analyses. The morphologies are confirmed using SEM and TEM analyses, in which TEM confirms the formation of quantum dot Ppy with an average particle size of 5 nm decorated on GO sheets. The Ppy/GO composite has a great optical property related to the absorbance in UV, Vis, and near IR region, with a small bandgap of (1.66 eV). These properties qualify the prepared composite for application as photoelectrode for H 2 gas evolution from sewage water (third treated stage, pH 7.2). The H 2 evolution rate is represented by the electrochemical measurements of current density ( J ph ). The effect of on/off chopped light on the responsivity of the photoelectrode is mentioned, in which the J ph values increase from − 4 to − 12 µA cm −2 , respectively. Moreover, the J ph value changed from − 4.32 to − 4.89 µA cm −2 , with decreasing in the monochromatic wavelengths from 730 to 440 nm, respectively. This electrochemical testing study confirms the ability of the Ppy/GO thin film photoelectrode for H 2 gas production from wastewater.

Wood plastic composites (WPCs) consisting of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) reinforced with alkali-treated sugarcane bagasse fibers (BF) in a concentration of 30 parts per hundred parts of plastic (php) were fabri-cated using the melt-blending technique. The carbon black (CB) was added at a concentration of 10 php while the graphene oxide nanoparticles (GO) were added in different concentrations (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 php). The influence of these additives and electron beam irradiation at different doses (100 and 200 kGy) on the flexural properties, electrical conductivity (sigma dc), and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding efficiency of the HDPE/BF composite were investigated. The samples were examined under microwave signals in the range from 0.8 GHz to 3.5 GHz to study the shielding effectiveness. The maximum flexural strength (29 MPa) was recorded for the HDPE/BF/CB composite, which contains 1 php of GO and was irradiated at 100 kGy with an improvement percentage of 56.6% in comparison with that of the unirradiated HDPE/BF composite. The addition of GO improved the electrical conductivity and EMI shielding efficiency of the prepared composite. It was observed that at frequency 3 GHz, the increase of GO up to 1 php enhanced the shielding effectiveness by a factor of 17.35% and 16.94% at 0 and 200 kGy, respectively. Furthermore, increasing the irradiation dose increased shielding effectiveness by about 4.92%.

In this work, the PVDF-PZT composite was effectively manufactured using a solution-casting approach. The structural, dielectric, and dynamic-mechanical characteristics of PVDF-PZT are investigated as a function of electron beam (EB) dosage (10, 20, and 30 kGy) and CNT loading (0, 0.5, 1, and wt.%). Incorporating CNT into PVDF-PZT up to 1 wt% increases the storage modulus due to a strong interaction between the PVDF matrix and CNT. In a reverse manner, storage modulus and crosslinking density decrease with 10 and 20 kGy of EB, then slightly increase due to alteration of the internal structure of polymer composites. Due to enhanced charge carriers and forming new conductive pathways, the dielectric parameters dielectric constant (epsilon'), dielectric loss (epsilon ''), and ac conductivity (sigma ac) of PVDF-PZT rose with increasing CNT content. Both epsilon' and epsilon'' of PVDF-PZT also exhibited rising values with EB irradiation dose due to chain scission and structural rearrangements. A slight increase of sigma ac upon EB irradiation is also observed. Due to increased carrier mobility, the dielectric modulus (M') real part is decreased as CNT content and EB dosage grow. When CNT was added up to 1 wt%, the observed Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars polarization in the imaginary portion of the electric modulus (M '') curves moved to a higher frequency, attributed to an increase in charge carrier mobility. At-low-frequency region, M '' values are decreased with EB doses due to increased charge carrier mobility. These findings support using EB as a powerful tool for modifying the characteristics of PVDF-PZT composites.

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/starch/graphene oxide nanocomposites containing different ratios of tungsten oxide (WO3) were prepared for use in the medical field as low-cost, facile, eco-friendly, and biodegradable low-energy.-ray shielding materials. The effect of different WO3 loading (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 wt%) on nanocomposites ' structural, mechanical, and gamma attenuation properties was studied. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope verified the incorporation of WO3 into the nanocomposite matrix. The thermal stability and activation energy of the decomposition of nanocomposites showed continuous improvement with increasing WO3. The maximum tensile strength and elongation of nanocomposites were achieved by incorporating 4 wt% WO3 compared to the lowest tensile strength and elongation at 8 and 12 wt% of WO3, respectively. The good filler distribution inside the polymeric matrix at lower filler loading compared to the creation of voids and agglomeration at higher filler levels explains this behavior. It was found that nanocomposites ' calculated mass attenuation coefficient mu(m) (cm(2)/g) increased with increasing WO3 at different photon energies. Half-value layer (HVL) and tenth-value layer (TVL) values fall as WO3 concentration rises. The sample with 12 wt% of WO3 exhibits lower HVL and TVL values and higher mu(m), demonstrating a more remarkable gamma attenuation ability. Such results endorsed the prepared nanocomposites as low energy gamma-rays attenuation materials in medical fields. Highlights center dot PVA/starch/graphene oxide nanocomposites with different WO(3)s were fabricated as shielding materials. center dot The impact of WO3 on nanocomposites ' mechanical and shielding characteristics was studied center dot Thermal stability of nanocomposites showed continuous improvement with increasing WO3

Due to the wide range of graphene applications, there is still a need for a simple, low-cost, and scalable graphene synthesis technique. This work describes a facile, cost-effective, and green method for reducing graphene oxide (GO) using doum palm (Hyphaene thebaica) fruit powder. This method is based on the radiolysis of GO solution containing doum powder under gamma-irradiation instead of alcohol essentially used in gamma- derived reduced GO. As a natural antioxidant, doum powder acts as a scavenger to oxidative species produced during irradiation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the removal of most oxygen functional groups from GO and conjugation between doum and derived reduced graphene oxide (DRRGO). From X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), the GO sharp peak disappeared and was replaced by a wide broad peak. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) outcomes revealed an increase in the (C/O) ratio in DRRGO compared to GO. Also, the C-C peak intensity ratio to the C-O peak intensity in the C1s region was increased from 0.58 in GO to 1.8 in DRRGO. The higher defect level of DRRGO compared to GO was deduced by Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, the reduction effect on GO morphology was studied by High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The thermal stability of DRRGO was higher than that of GO, as revealed by Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). These findings illustrate that this method is promising for the eco-friendly and mass production of nanoscale bio-synthesized oxides conjugated to reduced GO for biological applications.

ENWEndNote BIBJabRef, Mendeley RISPapers, Reference Manager, RefWorks, Zotero AMA Atta MA, Ismail A, Kotb A. A new insight into the management of high-grade vesicoureteral reflux. Pediatria Polska - Polish Journal of Paediatrics. 2022;97(4):308-310. doi:10.5114/polp.2022.123914. APA Atta, M. A., Ismail, A., & Kotb, A. (2022). A new insight into the management of high-grade vesicoureteral reflux. Pediatria Polska - Polish Journal of Paediatrics, 97(4), 308-310. https://doi.org/10.5114/polp.2022.123914 Chicago Atta, Mohamed A, Asmaa Ismail, and Ahmed Fouad Kotb. 2022. "A new insight into the management of high-grade vesicoureteral reflux". Pediatria Polska - Polish Journal of Paediatrics 97 (4): 308-310. doi:10.5114/polp.2022.123914. Harvard Atta, M., Ismail, A., and Kotb, A. (2022). A new insight into the management of high-grade vesicoureteral reflux. Pediatria Polska - Polish Journal of Paediatrics, 97(4), pp.308-310. https://doi.org/10.5114/polp.2022.123914 MLA Atta, Mohamed et al. "A new insight into the management of high-grade vesicoureteral reflux." Pediatria Polska - Polish Journal of Paediatrics, vol. 97, no. 4, 2022, pp. 308-310. doi:10.5114/polp.2022.123914. Vancouver Atta M, Ismail A, Kotb A. A new insight into the management of high-grade vesicoureteral reflux. Pediatria Polska - Polish Journal of Paediatrics. 2022;97(4):308-310. doi:10.5114/polp.2022.123914.

A novel method for graphene oxide (GO) reduction using gamma-rays in the presence of natural antioxidants is revealed to be a promising eco-friendly and safe approach for producing reduced graphene oxide (RGO) biocomposites for medical applications. Natural antioxidants are used as scavengers of oxidative free radicals to avoid the further oxidation of GO suspensions under irradiation, instead of alcohol, which is usually used during the gamma-reduction of GO. The study of GO reduction using gamma-rays in the presence of ginger (GRGO), aloe vera (ARGO), and aloe vera/ginger (AGRGO) as natural antioxidants was carried out using various characterization techniques. FTIR techniques confirmed the removal of most oxygen functional groups from GO after the different reduction procedures. The XPS results revealed increased C/O ratios in GRGO, ARGO, and AGRGO compared to GO. Furthermore, the effects of reduction on the structural and morphological properties of reduced samples were studied via XRD, Raman spectroscopy, FESEM, and HRTEM analysis. Also, the antioxidant/anti-inflammatory effects upon the use of GRGO, ARGO, and AGRGO against hepatic injury induced by gamma-irradiation are studied. GRGO, ARGO, and AGRGO modulated the serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and interferon-gamma (INF-gamma) and the levels of GSH and MDA in liver tissue injured by gamma-irradiation. The histopathological analysis findings from liver tissue were consistent with those noted upon molecular biochemical inspection, especially in relation to oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers. Furthermore, these findings suggest that ARGO, GRGO, and AGRGO may be beneficial for combating hepatic injury induced by gamma-rays via reducing oxidative stress and modulating inflammation.