The Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) collaboration has developed the MICE Analysis User Software (MAUS) to simulate and analyze experimental data. It serves as the primary codebase for the experiment, providing for offline batch simulation and reconstruction as well as online data quality checks. The software provides both traditional particle-physics functionalities such as track reconstruction and particle identification, and accelerator physics functions, such as calculating transfer matrices and emittances. The code design is object orientated, but has a top-level structure based on the Map-Reduce model. This allows for parallelization to support live data reconstruction during data-taking operations. MAUS allows users to develop in either Python or C++ and provides APIs for both. Various software engineering practices from industry are also used to ensure correct and maintainable code, including style, unit and integration tests, continuous integration and load testing, code reviews, and distributed version control. The software framework and the simulation and reconstruction capabilities are described.

The WAGASCI experiment being built at the J-PARC neutrino beam line will measure the difference in cross sections from neutrinos interacting with a water and scintillator targets, in order to constrain neutrino cross sections, essential for the T2K neutrino oscillation measurements. A prototype Magnetised Iron Neutrino Detector (MIND), called Baby MIND, is being constructed at CERN to act as a magnetic spectrometer behind the main WAGASCI target to be able to measure the charge and momentum of the outgoing muon from neutrino charged current interactions.

The J-PARC T59 experiment, named WAGASCI, has been developing a neutrino detector to measure a cross section ratio of charged current interaction on nucleus between water and plastic targets with uncertainties of a few percent at the J-PARC neutrino beamline. The WAGASCI detector adopts three-dimensional grid structure of 3mm-thick plastic scintillator bars around water target, to perform three-dimensional reconstruction of a particle trajectory, to improve the acceptance for large angle tracks. The light from scintillator is read out by MPPCs. An array of 32-channel MPPCs has been newly developed for this experiment. The total number of channels for the WAGASCI detector is 1280. The SPIROC2D ASIC chip, developed by OMEGA, has been employed in the frontend electronics. SPIROC2D is an auto-triggered, bi-gain, 36-channel ASIC, allowing the measurement of the charge from one to 2000 photoelectrons and the time with 100ps resolution. It contains a 16-deep analog memory array, which allows 16 hits to be stored in an acquisition gate. The backend electronics utilize Spartan6 FPGAs. The system to synchronize the data acquisition to the beam timing from J-PARC has been also developed and the data acquisition system has also been developed. The data taking with neutrino beam has started since autumn October 16, 2017.

Baby MIND is a magnetized iron neutrino detector, with novel design features, and is planned to serve as a downstream magnetized muon spectrometer for the WAGASCI experiment on the T2K neutrino beam line in Japan. One of the main goals of this experiment is to reduce systematic uncertainties relevant to CP-violation searches, by measuring the neutrino contamination in the anti-neutrino beam mode of T2K. Baby MIND is currently being constructed at CERN, and is planned to be operational in Japan in October 2017.

The Baby MIND spectrometer is designed to measure the momentum and charge of muons from neutrino interactions in water and hydrocarbon targets at the J-PARC T59 (WAGASCI) experiment. The WAGASCI experiment will measure the ratio of neutrino charged current interaction cross-sections on water and hydrocarbon aiming at reducing systematic errors in neutrino oscillation analyses at T2K. Construction of the Baby MIND detector within the CERN Neutrino Platform framework was completed in June 2017, where it underwent full commissioning and characterization on a charged particle beam line at the Proton Synchrotron experimental hall.

Baby MIND is a new downstream muon range detector for the WGASCI experiment. This article discusses the distributed readout system and its timing requirements. The paper presents the design of the synchronization subsystem and the results of its test.

T2K (Tokai-to-Kamioka) is a long-baseline neutrino experiment in Japan designed to study various parameters of neutrino oscillations. A near detector complex (ND280) is located 280 m downstream of the production target and measures neutrino beam parameters before any oscillations occur. ND280's measurements are used to predict the number and spectra of neutrinos in the Super-Kamiokande detector at the distance of 295 km. The difference in the target material between the far (water) and near (scintillator, hydrocarbon) detectors leads to the main non-cancelling systematic uncertainty for the oscillation analysis. In order to reduce this uncertainty a new WAter-Grid-And-SCintillator detector (WAGASCI) has been developed. A magnetized iron neutrino detector (Baby MIND) will be used to measure momentum and charge identification of the outgoing muons from charged current interactions. The Baby MIND modules are composed of magnetized iron plates and long plastic scintillator bars read out at the both ends with wavelength shifting fibers and silicon photomultipliers. The front-end electronics board has been developed to perform the readout and digitization of the signals from the scintillator bars. Detector elements were tested with cosmic rays and in the PS beam at CERN. The obtained results are presented in this paper.

M. Antonovaa, R. Asfandiyarovb, R. Bayesc, P. Benoitd , A. Blondelb, M. Bogomilove, A. Bross f , F. Cadouxb, A. Cerverag, N. Chikumah, A. Dudarevd , T. Ekelöfi, Y. Favreb, S. Fedotova, S-P. Hallsjöc, A.K. Ichikawa j, A. Izmaylova, Y. Karadzhovb, M. Khabibullina, A. Khotyantseva, A. Kleymenovaa, T. Kogah, A. Kostina, Y. Kudenkoa, V. Likhachevaa, B. Martinezb, R. Mateve, M. Medvedevaa, A. Mefodieva, A. Minaminok, O. Mineeva, G. Mitevl, M. Nessid , L. Nicolab, E. Noah∗b, T. Ovsiannikovaa, H. Pais Da Silvad , S. Parsab, M. Raynerb, G. Rolandob, A. Shaykhieva, P. Simioni, P. Solerc, S. Suvorova, R. Tsenove, H. Ten Kated , G. Vankova-Kirilovae, K. Yasutome j, N. Yershova aInstitute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia bUniversity of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland cUniversity of Glasgow, School of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow, UK dEuropean Organization for Nuclear Research, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland eUniversity of Sofia, Department of Physics, Sofia, Bulgaria f Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA gIFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain hUniversity of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan iUppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden jKyoto University, Kyoto, Japan kYokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan lInstitute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia,

Neutrino detectors based on state-of-the-art plastic scintillators read out with solid state photo-sensors, as well as new magnetization schemes, have been developed in the framework of AIDA. Meani ...

In June 2012, an Expression of Interest for a long-baseline experiment (LBNO) has been submitted to the CERN SPSC. LBNO considers three types of neutrino detector technologies: a double-phase liquid argon (LAr) TPC and a magnetised iron detector as far detectors. For the near detector, a high-pressure gas TPC embedded in a calorimeter and a magnet is the baseline design. A mandatory milestone is a concrete prototyping effort towards the envisioned large-scale detectors, and an accompanying campaign of measurements aimed at assessing the detector associated systematic errors. The proposed $6\times 6\times 6$m$^3$ DLAr is an industrial prototype of the design discussed in the EoI and scalable to 20 kton or 50~kton. It is to be constructed and operated in a controlled laboratory and surface environment with test beam access, such as the CERN North Area (NA). Its successful operation and full characterisation will be a fundamental milestone, likely opening the path to an underground deployment of larger detectors. The response of the DLAr demonstrator will be measured and understood with an unprecedented precision in a charged particle test beam (0.5-20 GeV/c). The exposure will certify the assumptions and calibrate the response of the detector, and allow to develop and to benchmark sophisticated reconstruction algorithms, such as those of 3-dimensional tracking, particle ID and energy flow in liquid argon. All these steps are fundamental for validating the correctness of the physics performance described in the LBNO EoI.

The proposed Long Baseline Neutrino Observatory (LBNO) initially consists of ∼ 20 kton liquid double phase TPC complemented by a magnetised iron calorimeter, to be installed at the Pyhäsalmi mine, at a distance of 2300 km from CERN. The conventional neutrino beam is produced by 400 GeV protons accelerated at the SPS accelerator delivering 700 kW of power. The long baseline provides a unique opportunity to study neutrino flavour oscillations over their 1st and 2nd oscillation maxima exploring the L/E behaviour, and distinguishing effects arising from δ_CP and matter. In this paper we show how this comprehensive physics case can be further enhanced and complemented if a neutrino beam produced at the Protvino IHEP accelerator complex, at a distance of 1160 km, and with modest power of 450 kW is aimed towards the same far detectors. We show that the coupling of two independent sub-MW conventional neutrino and antineutrino beams at different baselines from CERN and Protvino will allow to measure CP violation in the leptonic sector at a confidence level of at least 3σ for 50% of the true values of δ_CP with a 20 kton detector. With a far detector of 70 kton, the combination allows a 3σ sensitivity for 75% of the true values of δ_CP after 10 years of running. Running two independent neutrino beams, each at a power below 1 MW, is more within today's state of the art than the long-term operation of a new single high-energy multi-MW facility, which has several technical challenges and will likely require a learning curve.

A facility that can deliver beams of electron and muon neutrinos from the decay of a stored muon beam has the potential to unambiguously resolve the issue of the evidence for light sterile neutrinos that arises in short-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments and from estimates of the effective number of neutrino flavors from fits to cosmological data. In this paper, we show that the nuSTORM facility, with stored muons of 3.8  GeV/c ± 10%, will be able to carry out a conclusive muon neutrino appearance search for sterile neutrinos and test the LSND and MiniBooNE experimental signals with 10σ sensitivity, even assuming conservative estimates for the systematic uncertainties. This experiment would add greatly to our knowledge of the contribution of light sterile neutrinos to the number of effective neutrino flavors from the abundance of primordial helium production and from constraints on neutrino energy density from the cosmic microwave background. The appearance search is complemented by a simultaneous muon neutrino disappearance analysis that will facilitate tests of various sterile neutrino models.

The next generation neutrino observatory proposed by the LBNO collaboration will address fundamental questions in particle and astroparticle physics. The experiment consists of a far detector, in its first stage a 20 kt LAr double phase TPC and a magnetised iron calorimeter, situated at 2300 km from CERN and a near detector based on a highpressure argon gas TPC. The long baseline provides a unique opportunity to study neutrino flavour oscillations over their 1st and 2nd oscillation maxima exploring the L/E behaviour, and distinguishing effects arising from δ CP and matter.

The nuSTORM facility has been designed to deliver beams of electron and muon neutrinos from the decay of a stored muon beam with a central momentum of 3.8 GeV/c and a momentum spread of 10%. The facility is unique in that it will: serve the future long- and short-baseline neutrino-oscillation programmes by providing definitive measurements of electron-neutrino- and muon-neutrino-nucleus cross sections with percent-level precision; allow searches for sterile neutrinos of exquisite sensitivity to be carried out; and constitute the essential first step in the incremental development of muon accelerators as a powerful new technique for particle physics. Of the world's proton-accelerator laboratories, only CERN and FNAL have the infrastructure required to mount nuSTORM. Since no siting decision has yet been taken, the purpose of this Expression of Interest (EoI) is to request the resources required to: investigate in detail how nuSTORM could be implemented at CERN; and develop options for decisive European contributions to the nuSTORM facility and experimental programme wherever the facility is sited. The EoI defines a two-year programme culminating in the delivery of a Technical Design Report.

D. Adey1, S.K. Agarwalla4, C.M. Ankenbrandt2,1, R. Asfandiyarov5, J.J. Back6, G. Barker6, E. Baussan7, R. Bayes8, S. Bhadra9, V. Blackmore11, A. Blondel5, S.A. Bogacz12, C. Booth10, S.B. Boyd6, A. Bravar5, S.J. Brice1, A.D. Bross1, F. Cadoux5, H. Cease1, A. Cervera13, J. Cobb11, D. Colling14, L. Coney15, A. Dobbs14, J. Dobson14, A. Donini13, P.J. Dornan14, M. Dracos7, F. Dufour5, R. Edgecock30, J. Evans16, M. Geelhoed1, M.A. George14, T. Ghosh13, A. de Gouvêa17, J.J. Gomez-Cadenas13, A. Haesler5, G. Hanson15, P.F. Harrison6, M. Hartz9,18, P. Hernandez13, J.A. Hernando-Morata19, P.J. Hodgson10, P. Huber20, A. Izmaylov13, Y. Karadhzov5, T. Kobilarcik1, J. Kopp21, L. Kormos22, A. Korzenev5, A. Kurup14, Y. Kuno23, P. Kyberd24, J.P. Lagrange25, A.M. Laing13, J. Link20, A. Liu1,3, K.R. Long14, N. McCauley26, K.T. McDonald27, K. Mahn28, C. Martin5, J. Martin18, O. Mena13, S.R. Mishra29, N. Mokhov1, J. Morfin1, Y. Mori25, W. Murray30, D. Neuffer1, R. Nichol31, E. Noah5, M.A. Palmer1, S. Parke1, S. Pascoli32, J. Pasternak14, M. Popovic1, P. Ratoff22, M. Ravonel5, M. Rayner5, S. Ricciardi30, C. Rogers30, P. Rubinov1, E. Santos14, A. Sato23, E. Scantamburlo5, J.K. Sedgbeer14, D.R. Smith24, P.J. Smith10, J.T. Sobczyk33, S. Soldner-Rembold16, F.J.P. Soler8, M. Sorel13, A. Stahl35, L. Stanco34, P. Stamoulis13, S. Striganov1, H. Tanaka36, I.J. Taylor6, C. Touramanis26, C.D. Tunnell11, Y. Uchida14, N. Vassilopoulos14, M.O. Wascko14, M.J. Wilking28, A. Weber11, E. Wildner37, W. Winter38, U.K. Yang16

The nuSTORM facility has been designed to deliver beams of electron neutrinos and muon neutrinos (and their anti-particles) from the decay of a stored muon beam with a central momentum of 3.8 GeV/c and a momentum acceptance of 10 facility is unique in that it will: 1. Allow searches for sterile neutrinos of exquisite sensitivity to be carried out; 2. Serve future long- and short-baseline neutrino-oscillation programs by providing definitive measurements of electron neutrino and muon neutrino scattering cross sections off nuclei with percent-level precision; and 3. Constitutes the crucial first step in the development of muon accelerators as a powerful new technique for particle physics. The document describes the facility in detail and demonstrates its physics capabilities. This document was submitted to the Fermilab Physics Advisory Committee in consideration for Stage I approval.

The νSTORM facility has been designed to deliver beams of ν e and ν µ from the decay of a stored µ ± beam with a central momentum of 3.8 GeV/c and a momentum spread of 10% [1]. The facility is unique in that it will: • Serve the future long-and short-baseline neutrino-oscillation programmes by providing definitive measurements of ν e N and ν µ N scattering cross sections with percent-level precision; • Allow searches for sterile neutrinos of exquisite sensitivity to be carried out; and • Constitute the essential first step in the incremental development of muon accelerators as a powerful new technique for particle physics. The race to discover CP-invariance violation in the lepton sector and to determine the neutrino mass-hierarchy has begun with the recent discovery that θ 13 = 0 [2–6]. The measured value of θ 13 is large (sin 2 2θ 13 ∼ 0.1) so measurements of oscillation probabilities with uncertainties at the percent level are required. For the next generation of long-baseline experiments to reach the requisite precision requires that the ν e N and the ν µ N cross sections are known precisely for neutrino energies (E ν) in the range 0.5 < E ν < 3 GeV. At νSTORM, the flavour composition of the beam and the neutrino-energy spectrum are both precisely known. The storage-ring instrumentation combined with measurements at a near detector will allow the neutrino flux to be determined to a precision of 1% or better. νSTORM is therefore unique as it makes it possible to measure the ν e N and the ν µ N cross sections with a precision 1% over the required neutrino-energy range. A number of results have been reported that can be interpreted as hints for oscillations involving sterile neutrinos [7–17] (for a recent review see [18]). Taken together, these hints warrant a systematically different and definitive search for sterile neutrinos. A magnetised iron neutrino detector at a distance of 1 500 m from the storage ring combined with a near detector, identical but with a fiducial mass one tenth that of the far detector, placed at 20–50 m, will allow searches for active/sterile neutrino oscillations in both the appearance and disappearance channels. Simulations of the ν e → ν µ appearance channel show that the presently allowed region can be excluded at the 10σ level while in the ν e disappearance channel, νSTORM has …