Resilience interventions, such as mindfulness, have been identified as effective strategies for reducing burnout and enhancing well-being. However, the burgeoning body of heterogeneous literature has yielded diverse evidence regarding the effectiveness of resilience interventions for nurses' psychological health. This umbrella review aimed to assess the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) in promoting nurses’ positive psychology in nursing clinical practice. It utilised meta-analysis and overlap analysis, integrated with positive psychology theories, including the PERMA model (positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment) and the Broaden-and-Build Theory. We searched the databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Scopus and included systematic reviews published from inception through September 2025. Reviews were included if they: (1) involved nurses who provided direct nursing care, (2) assessed the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions on any positive and negative psychological outcomes, and (3) involved randomised controlled trials and provided quantitative data. Seven systematic reviews were included. The pooled results showed that MBIs reduced negative psychological outcomes, including burnout, stress, anxiety, and negative affect, and enhanced resilience, well-being, mindfulness, and self-efficacy at the 3-month follow-up. These MBIs mainly included stress reduction, mindfulness and relaxation, emotion regulation, compassion and gratitude, yoga, mindful breathing, cognitive training, and body scanning. However, current evidence primarily supports short-term benefits, and evidence beyond 3 months remains limited and of low certainty. Therefore, conclusions regarding the long-term effectiveness of MBIs remain provisional. Ongoing support or booster sessions may be required to maintain potential benefits, and further high-quality research with longer follow-up is warranted.

Public transport provides well-documented health, environmental, and economic benefits by promoting active travel, reducing car dependence, and enabling efficient land use. However, accessibility analyses often rely on measures defined at static spatial locations (e.g., around residential or zonal anchors), which may not capture the dynamic and context-dependent nature of accessibility across daily mobility. Incorporating accessibility across daily activity locations allows for a more behaviourally grounded assessment, reflecting the spatial and contextual conditions under which travel decisions are made. This study examines how accessibility to bus stops, measured at home, trip origin, and destination, relates to bus ridership in Auckland, New Zealand. Using high-resolution GPS and accelerometer data from 108 participants (835 trips), we applied mixed-effects logistic regression models and tested work status and neighbourhood residency duration as moderators. Results revealed an unexpected pattern: higher accessibility to bus stops around home (home-based accessibility) was negatively associated with bus ridership. Accessibility to bus stops around trip destinations (destination-based accessibility) showed a positive association with ridership, but only among newer residents. Employed participants were more sensitive to home-based accessibility than those who were unemployed. These findings suggest that accessibility–ridership relationships vary across key locations encountered along individual travel trajectories, likely indicating that measures defined at fixed, static locations may provide an incomplete representation of travel behaviour. Trip-specific, dynamic approaches may therefore offer a more behaviourally grounded basis for informing transport planning and policy.

BACKGROUND:Physical activity (PA) is essential to adolescent health. International research has shown ethnic disparities in PA, and the method used to classify ethnicity may influence how disparities are detected and interpreted particularly in increasingly multiethnic societies. This study examined how different ethnicity classification methods affect adolescent PA outcomes. METHODS:Secondary analysis was conducted using data from the 2023 Voice of Rangatahi survey in Aotearoa New Zealand (n = 19,776; ages 12-19 y). PA was measured using a discrete scale (0-7 d/wk) and a binary variable (>4 vs ≤4 d/wk). Ethnicity was self-identified and classified using 4 methods: Prioritized, Total Response, and Single/Combination (8- and 15-group). Analyses applied regression and nonparametric tests. RESULTS:Overall, 24.3% identified as multiethnicity. Asian adolescents consistently reported the lowest PA outcomes (mean = 3.51-3.67 d/wk; 34.4%-36.3% achieving >4 d/wk), while multiethnic Pacific Peoples/European reported the highest (mean = 4.34 d/wk; 52% achieving >4 d/wk). The Single/Combination 15-group method provided the greatest intergroup differentiation (χ2(13) = 218.65, P < .001), whereas the Total Response method attenuated contrasts. The Single/Combination 8-group method demonstrated the best model fit (lowest Akaike Information Criterion/Bayesian Information Criterion). CONCLUSIONS:Ethnicity classification strongly influences observed disparities in adolescent PA. The Single/Combination 8-group method may be most suitable for research applications due to better model fit and parsimony, while the 15-group method offers finer differentiation to guide policy and the design of targeted interventions. Selecting context-appropriate classification methods is critical for accurately identifying disparities and informing equitable, culturally responsive PA interventions.

Resilience has been recognised as a skill set in enhancing nurses’ psychological well-being. However, numerous resilience studies using various measures have produced a heterogeneous body of literature on factors associated with resilience. This review aimed to identify the personal and work-related factors associated with resilience among nurses. A search was conducted in September 2025 across six databases: CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Scopus, and we collated systematic reviews published from inception through September 2025. Systematic reviews were included if they: (1) included nurses working in a clinical setting, (2) studied resilience and its associated factors, and (3) involved cross-sectional studies as their primary studies. An umbrella review was conducted using a narrative analysis approach guided by Self-Determination Theory and Conservation of Resources theory, combined with an overlap analysis. The JBI critical appraisal checklist was utilised to assess the quality of systematic reviews. Nine systematic reviews were included. Sixteen resilience-related factors were identified across three domains: demographics, negative psychology, and positive psychology. Sex, age, marital status, education, years of nursing experience, and income were associated with nurse resilience. Burnout, emotional exhaustion, stress, anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder were negatively related to resilience. Coping skills, self-efficacy/perceived control, overall psychosocial health, and interpersonal and organisational support were positively associated with resilience. Resilience interventions should be developed and implemented, accounting for interactions among individuals, workplaces, and organisations to enhance nurses’ psychological well-being and ultimately increase nurse retention.

The health needs of Southeast Asian migrant children often remain invisible because they are typically grouped within the broader Asian category. This review aimed to identify and synthesise evidence on the specific health needs of Southeast Asian migrant children in their host country. The literature search was conducted across four databases: CINAHL, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science, with additional searching via Google Scholar. Studies published in English between 2002 and 2025 were eligible for inclusion. Quality appraisal of included studies was performed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. The included literature (n=18) reported on the health needs of children aged 2-18 years who had migrated from Southeast Asia to any host country outside their region. Findings were synthesised into four topics: physical health issues, healthcare utilisation, mental health issues, and developmental delays. The findings emphasise the importance of understanding the factors that shape health outcomes and highlight the need for further child-specific research. The findings may support nurses in developing practical care strategies that respond to the needs of this population at both individual and systems levels. In doing so, unmet health needs may be reduced, contributing to improved health outcomes. # Te Reo Māori Translation # Ngā Hiahia Hauora o ngā Tamariki o Te Tonga mā Marangai o Āhia Heke i Te Whenua Tupu ki Tō Rātou Whenua Taurima: He Arotake Tuhinga Arowhānui **Ngā Ariā Matua** He rite tonu te noho matahuna o ngā hiahia hauora o ngā tamariki o Te Tonga mā Marangai o Āhia Heke i te whenua tupu nā te mea, mō te nuinga, ka whakahiatotia ki roto i te rōpū Āhia whānui kē atu. Ko tā tēnei arotake he whai kia tautohutia, kia whiria hoki ngā taunakitanga mō ngā hiahia hauora motuhake o ngā tamariki o Te Tonga mā Marangai o Āhia heke i te whenua tupu, ki tō rātou whenua taurima. I kawea te rapunga tuhinga puta noa i ētahi pātengi raraunga e whā: CINAHL, MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, me ētahi atu rapunga ki Google Scholar. I māraurau anō ngā rangahau i whakaputaina ki te reo Ingarihi i waenga i 2002 me 2025. I kawea te aromātainga kounga o ngā tirohanga i whakaurua mai mā te whakamahi i te Utauta Arohaehae Tikanga Mahi Hanumi. I whakapūrongo ngā tuhinga i whakaurua (n=18) ki ngā hiahia hauora o ngā tamariki kua heke mai i Te Tonga mā Marangai o Āhia ki tētahi whenua taurima i waho i tō rātou rohe ake. I whakahanumitia ngā kitenga ki ētahi kaupapa e whā: ngā take hauora tinana, te whakamahi taurimatanga hauora, ngā take hauora hinengaro, me ngā tōroa whanaketanga. Ka whakaungia e ngā kitenga nei te hira o te noho mārama ki ngā pūtake o ngā putanga hauora, ā, hei whakamahara hoki i te iwi mō te hiahia kia haere tonu ētahi atu take aro ki te tamaiti. Ka tautoko pea ngā kitenga i ngā tapuhi kia whakawhanake rautaki taurima ngāwari, hei urupare ki ngā hiahia o te taupori, ahakoa hiahia tangata takitahi, hiahia pūnaha rānei. Mā te pēnei, ka heke pea ngā hiahia hauora kāore anō kia tutuki, ā, hei whakapiki tēnei i ngā putanga hauora pai ake. _Ngā Kupu Matua:_ ngā hiahia hauora, Te Tonga mā Marangai o Āhia, tāngata heke ki whenua kē, tamariki, whenua taurima

Abstract Background Active school travel (AST) can significantly increase children’s physical activity. AST research often utilises global positioning system (GPS) devices to objectively track the routes children take to school. However, GPS-based studies are costly and often subject to recruitment bias which limits population representativeness. Routing engines, such as Google Maps, designed to help people navigate might be low-cost alternatives to the use of GPS if the engines were able to accurately model the routes children took in AST. To date, no studies have systematically evaluated whether routing engines can serve as a viable alternative for modelling children’s walking routes to school. We assessed whether widely available routing engines can approximate children’s walked routes, providing an internationally transferable, low-cost alternative. Methods We compared three routing engines: Google, Mapbox, and Open Source Routing Machine (OSRM), in replicating the GPS measured walking trajectories of 233 school children (age 10–11) across urban and rural Scotland. The percentage of overlap (overlap accuracy, OA), between routing engine predictions and actual GPS tracks was assessed. Results Mean OA was 67.6% for OSRM, 66.8% for Mapbox, and 62.6% for Google, indicating that approximately two-thirds of each predicted route overlapped with the GPS-measured track. These values were substantially higher than a shortest-path baseline computed on the Ordnance Survey (OS) road network (45.0%). No significant differences in OA were found by sex, deprivation, or urban/rural setting. However, route distance was negatively associated with OA ( r = − 0.16 to − 0.23, p < 0.05). At an individual level, one-third of participants showed consistent results across all engines, whilst 49.4% had one discordant engine and 17.2% had mutually inconsistent engines. Conclusions Contemporary routing engines reproduce roughly two-thirds of children’s walked routes to school, without systematic differences by common sociodemographic or contextual factors. Overall, contemporary routing engines can complement GPS in children’s mobility research and practice, offering an empirical reference point for future AST studies. Trial registration Not applicable.

This study explored the relationships between greenspace and adolescents’ moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time, and whether the relationships were moderated by sociodemographic factors (sex, ethnicity, age and neighbourhood deprivation). Data from 325 adolescents (aged 13–18 years) who lived in Ōtepoti Dunedin, Aotearoa New Zealand from the BEATS Natural Experiment study were analysed. Individual levels (distance to the nearest greenspace and the amount of greenspace around home addresses) and area levels (greenspace accessibility) greenspace metrics were utilised. Participants’ MVPA and sedentary time were recorded by accelerometers. The Generalized Additive Model (GAM) was used to explore the potential non-linear relationships of interest. The findings showed nonlinear associations between distance to the nearest greenspace and adolescents’ MVPA and sedentary time, suggesting that greenspace located 500–700 m from residences is optimally placed for encouraging MVPA and reducing sedentary time in this age group. No relationships in amount of greenspace and greenspace accessibility were found with MVPA and sedentary time. Regarding moderation analyses, no moderators reached statistical significance, however, neighbourhood deprivation may have a potential tendency to moderate the association of interest (p < 0.10). Overall, the exploration for potential sociodemographic moderators and for optimal distance provides important evidence for future research on targeted environmental policies and equitable urban design strategies.

INTRODUCTION:Primary care professionals routinely discuss health issues with children and families, including difficult or taboo topics. Although clinicians want better resources to support these conversations, existing evidence largely reflects health professionals' perspectives. AIM:This study aimed to understand how parents/caregivers/whānau and children want common health messages communicated to them. METHODS:A qualitative mixed-methods sequential design was used, comprising three stages: (1) an online survey of parents/caregivers of children aged 7-12 years living in Aotearoa New Zealand; (2) interviews with children whose parents opted in for participation; and (3) development of a health professional specific resource. Thematic analysis was applied to open-ended survey responses and interview transcripts. RESULTS:Eighty parents/caregivers completed the survey, and 25 children participated in interviews. Three themes were identified: (1) Speak to the child but… highlighting the importance of direct, respectful, and non-judgemental communication; (2) Connection, emphasising rapport, trust, and tailoring information to a child's developmental level; and (3) Give kids choice, reflecting children's desire for autonomy, honesty, and involvement in decisions about their care. These findings informed the design of a lanyard-based resource to support health professionals' communication practices. DISCUSSION:Children valued being spoken to directly in ways that respected their understanding and agency, and parents stressed the importance of trust, inclusion, and reinforcement through written or visual aids. The study highlights the need for child and whānau-centred approaches to communication in primary care. Future research will evaluate the resource's acceptability and effectiveness in real-world settings.

Background Achieving health equity for Māori requires a nursing workforce that reflects the population it serves, including proportionate representation of Māori nurses across all levels of practice and leadership. This requires more than recruitment; it demands sustained, culturally grounded educational support for tauira (Māori student nurses) throughout their learning journey and into professional practice. Aim To explore culturally grounded strategies that support the retention and success of tauira in Bachelor of Nursing (BN) programmes. Design A qualitative study utilising a Kaupapa Māori (Māori way) Indigenous methodology. Methods Focus groups involving second- and third-year tauira were conducted to explore their views regarding BN programmes in Aotearoa New Zealand. Thematic analysis was utilised to identify key themes and patterns from their experiences. A Kaupapa Māori approach guided all research aspects, ensuring culturally appropriate and respectful practice aligned with Māori values. Findings Four themes were identified: recognising self-worth, overcoming inequity, growing our workforce, and leadership – reclaiming Māori health. Drawing on these themes tauira identified specific cultural practices that strengthened resilience, enhanced learning experiences and contributed to their academic success. These included engaging with whānau groups (groups of tauira) and Māori nursing organisations, embedding kawa whakaruruhau (cultural safety for Māori) into the BN programme, and integrating the culturally grounded pedagogy, Tuakana Teina (a reciprocal mentorship between senior and junior peers) alongside the visible presence of Māori role models. These findings led to the creation of the WAKA framework; a model designed to support Māori tauira success. Conclusion This study presents strategies drawn from tauira perspectives, as essential for their retention and success in BN programmes. The findings suggest that institutions offering the BN programme can significantly enhance tauira outcomes through the implementation of these culturally responsive pedagogical practices.

Informal kinship care, where relatives other than their parents raise children, is increasing globally. Grandparents, and sometimes grandfathers, are often called to parent grandchildren due to various familial challenges. This study explores the experiences and expectations of grandfathers parenting grandchildren in Aotearoa, New Zealand. A qualitative descriptive study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 21 grandfathers who transitioned to parenting roles for their grandchildren. Reflexive thematic analysis, incorporating both inductive and deductive elements, was employed to develop themes from the data. Two main themes were developed: (1) Carrying the past: Highlighting the challenges and influence of grandfathers' own experiences, expectations and societal norms about the role of men in parenting roles, and (2) From insider to outsider: Transitions, redefining relationships, and adjusting to new social positionings, portraying the shifting landscape of social groupings related to social roles. Positioning theory framed the grandfathers' experiences of being positioned by self and others in their altered social roles. Understanding the unique experiences of grandfathers parenting grandchildren can inform tailored social policies and support systems. This study underscores the need for inclusive support that addresses the specific needs of grandfathers, which could enhance their ability to provide stable and nurturing environments for their grandchildren.

Greenspace has been linked to adolescent health and well-being outcomes, with physical activity potential pathway for achieving benefits. Robust evidence is needed to inform policymaking and environmental interventions. The aim of this systematic literature review is to identify, summarise, and evaluate studies on the associations between geospatial measures of greenspace (i.e., using geographic information systems (GIS), global positioning systems (GPS)) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among adolescents. We followed the PRISMA statement guidelines. Five databases were searched using relevant keywords for articles published from 1980 onwards. Studies were imported to Covidence for duplicate screening, data extraction and quality assessment. Harvest plots were used to visually summarise and examine patterns in relationships between greenspace and adolescent MVPA. Fourteen articles met the inclusion criteria and provided sufficient data to extract associations of greenspace with adolescent MVPA. Seven articles reported positive relationships between greenspace and adolescent MVPA, five reported no significant associations, and two reported inconsistent results. All studies that measure actual greenspace exposure using GPS showed significant positive correlation with adolescents’ MVPA. While positive associations between greenspace and MVPA among adolescents were found in over half (64 %) of the studies included in this review, the number of studies specifically targeting this age group is limited. Exploring which features of greenspace encourage MVPA across different groups and examining the actual use of greenspace is needed. Addressing these gaps will provide more comprehensive evidence to inform policies and environmental strategies aimed at enhancing adolescent health and well-being.

Purpose The high demands of academia place staff under considerable stress, and enhancing resilience has been proposed as a means of coping with stress; however, resilience in academic contexts remains underexplored. This systematic review aimed to investigate resilience in academia from the perspective of academic staff. Method This review was registered within PROSPERO (CRD420251018894) and conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Qualitative studies were identified through searches of CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library, from inception to April 2025. Eligible studies involved academics and focused on resilience. Results Thirteen qualitative studies were included. Three main themes were identified: factors influencing resilience, barriers to building and sustaining resilience, and strategies to strengthen resilience. Conclusions Findings highlight the need for targeted resilience interventions and education programmes to enhance well-being in academia.

When the welfare of a child requires placement away from parents, a grandparent is often the preferred choice for relocation. Placement is predominantly with grandmothers, and the experiences of grandmothers in a parenting role have been well reported. The experiences of grandfathers who parent grandchildren, however, are less understood, despite grandfathers often being present. This integrative review aims to identify and integrate current literature on the experiences of grandfathers in a parenting role. The search strategy involved four electronic databases: CINAHL Complete, Scopus, PubMed and PsycInfo, plus Google Scholar and hand searching using keywords based on five key concepts encompassing the population group (custodial, grandfather), phenomenon (role), and outcome (perceive, experience). Thirteen articles were identified that met the inclusion criteria for review. Two themes were identified using thematic analysis: 'Change and loss in transitioning to the primary caregiver role' and 'Everyday life as grandparent primary caregivers.' This review found grandfathers who parent grandchildren faced unique challenges. Social role identity was tested by loss of agency over lifestyle choices and deficits in parenting knowledge and skillset. Furthermore, the health and wellbeing of grandfathers were impacted by factors unique to them. Further research to inform tailored support specific to the needs of grandfathers is required.

Background The actions required to achieve higher-quality and harmonised global surveillance of child and adolescent movement behaviours (physical activity, sedentary behaviour including screen time, sleep) are unclear. Objective To identify how to improve surveillance of movement behaviours, from the perspective of experts. Methods This Delphi Study involved 62 experts from the SUNRISE International Study of Movement Behaviours in the Early Years and Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance (AHKGA). Two survey rounds were used, with items categorised under: (1) funding, (2) capacity building, (3) methods, and (4) other issues (e.g., policymaker awareness of relevant WHO Guidelines and Strategies). Expert participants ranked 40 items on a five-point Likert scale from 'extremely' to 'not at all' important. Consensus was defined as > 70% rating of 'extremely' or 'very' important. Results We received 62 responses to round 1 of the survey and 59 to round 2. There was consensus for most items. The two highest rated round 2 items in each category were the following; for funding (1) it was greater funding for surveillance and public funding of surveillance; for capacity building (2) it was increased human capacity for surveillance (e.g. knowledge, skills) and regional or global partnerships to support national surveillance; for methods (3) it was standard protocols for surveillance measures and improved measurement method for screen time; and for other issues (4) it was greater awareness of physical activity guidelines and strategies from WHO and greater awareness of the importance of surveillance for NCD prevention. We generally found no significant differences in priorities between low-middle-income (n = 29) and high-income countries (n = 30) or between SUNRISE (n = 20), AHKGA (n = 26) or both (n = 13) initiatives. There was a lack of agreement on using private funding for surveillance or surveillance research. Conclusions This study provides a prioritised and international consensus list of actions required to improve surveillance of movement behaviours in children and adolescents globally.

Low physical activity and prolonged sedentary time harm health and psychological well-being. Being insufficiently active is associated with a risk of numerous non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and diabetes. Academics comprise a notable portion of the workforce and serve as important role models, yet their positions may involve many sedentary behaviours. The factors associated with their physical activity and sedentary behaviours are unclear. This review aimed to identify the associated factors, barriers, and the effectiveness of interventions in promoting physical activity among academics. Systematic review. The data were collated from CINAHL Ultimate, Cochrane, Medline (OVID), Scopus, and SPORTDiscus between March and April 2024. Studies were selected if they (1) involved participants employed in academics, including professional staff (2), investigated the physical activity or sedentary behaviours as a primary outcome and/or the associated factors, and (3) identified the effectiveness of physical activity interventions. Studies with full-text in English were selected if published in peer-reviewed journals before April 2024. Of the included 46 studies,12 demonstrated 63.10

Children, especially migrant children, face challenges in participating in health communication with health professionals worldwide. Southeast Asian migrant children possibly encounter this issue in Aotearoa New Zealand, as limited literature explores their needs, and there is a notable lack of studies considering children's perspectives. This study describes the health communication needs of New Zealand Southeast Asian migrant children (aged 7-12 years) from the children's perspective. Individual interviews with 13 Southeast Asian migrant children were conducted. Reflexive thematic analysis was undertaken to generate shared meanings as themes. Participants shared their understanding of health concepts and a range of health communication experiences, which generated three themes: readiness for participation, the challenges of health conversations, and a child-friendly atmosphere. Overall, unmet health communication needs of Southeast Asian migrant children are suggested in this study, which signals a need for changes in practice to promote children's health communication participation.