This comprehensive article reviews the complex realm of aortic surgical and endovascular interventions, focusing on the aortic root, ascending aorta, aortic arch, descending aorta, and abdominal aorta. It outlines the nuances of various procedures, emphasizing the importance of computed tomography angiography acquisition for an accurate assessment. Detailed discussions encompass expected postsurgical/endovascular findings and complications, covering various scenarios, from hematoma and infection to pseudoaneurysms and graft-related issues. This article serves as a crucial resource for radiologists, offering invaluable insights into the complexities of aortic interventions and their subsequent imaging, fostering a comprehensive understanding of diagnostic and management strategies.

Background: Socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with worse CV outcomes. However, whether living in a disadvantaged neighborhood is associated with both the presence of coronary plaque identified by Coronary CTA (CCTA) and subsequent MACE is not well defined. Aims: To assess whether residence in a disadvantaged neighborhood predicts (1) plaque presence and stenosis severity and (2) long-term MACE after adjusting for plaque burden. Methods: We included patients who underwent clinically indicated CCTA from 2006 to 2021. Home addresses were geocoded and mapped to their census block groups. The Area Deprivation Index (ADI) was used to assess neighborhood-level socioeconomic disadvantage from 1 to 10. Based on ADI, patients were grouped into low (1-2), medium (3-5), and high neighborhood deprivation (6-10). The presence of plaque (present vs absent) and severity (no plaque or stenosis [0%], nonobstructive [1-49% stenosis], and obstructive [≥50% stenosis]) were categorized on CCTA. We used logistic regression to assess the association of plaque burden and ADI, and Cox regression to assess the association of ADI and MACE, adjusting for CAD severity and risk factors. Results: We included 26,165 patients with a median age of 58 years (IQR 49-67). Of these, 44.5% were female, and 57.8%, 52.8%, and 16.7% had a history of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes, respectively. The median follow-up after CCTA was 3.9 years (IQR 1.7-7.4). Living in highly disadvantaged neighborhoods was significantly associated with presence of plaque (OR 1.20 [95% CI 1.11-1.30] p<0.001) and obstructive stenosis (OR 1.20 [95% CI 1.11-1.30] p<0.001). Over follow-up, individuals living in medium ADI neighborhoods had a 16% increased hazard of MACE [adjusted HR 1.16 (95% CI 1.02-1.31) p=0.019], and those living in highly disadvantaged neighborhoods had a 20% increased hazard of MACE [adjusted HR 1.20 (95% CI 1.05-1.37) p=0.007] compared to individuals living in the most advantaged neighborhoods. Conclusion: Residence in medium and highly disadvantaged neighborhoods was associated with an increased prevalence of plaque and obstructive stenosis on CCTA as well as higher rates of MACE, even after adjusting for traditional CV risk factors.

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) occur in 30% to 50% of patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. Clinical presentations vary from asymptomatic disease to complications resulting from the right to left shunting of blood through the PAVM such as paradoxical stroke, brain abscesses, hypoxemia, and cardiac failure. Radiology plays an important role both in the diagnosis and treatment of PAVM. Based on different clinical scenarios, the appropriate imaging study has been reviewed and is presented in this document. The American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed annually by a multidisciplinary expert panel. The guideline development and revision process support the systematic analysis of the medical literature from peer reviewed journals. Established methodology principles such as Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation or GRADE are adapted to evaluate the evidence. The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method User Manual provides the methodology to determine the appropriateness of imaging and treatment procedures for specific clinical scenarios. In those instances where peer reviewed literature is lacking or equivocal, experts may be the primary evidentiary source available to formulate a recommendation.

This document summarizes the relevant literature for the selection of the initial imaging in five clinical scenarios in patients with suspected or known nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). These clinical scenarios include suspected nonvariceal UGIB without endoscopy performed; endoscopically confirmed nonvariceal UGIB with clear source but treatment not possible or continued bleeding after endoscopic treatment; endoscopically confirmed nonvariceal UGIB without a confirmed source; suspected nonvariceal UGIB with negative endoscopy; and postsurgical or post-traumatic nonvariceal UGIB when endoscopy is contraindicated. The appropriateness of imaging modalities as they apply to each clinical scenario is rated as usually appropriate, may be appropriate, and usually not appropriate to assist the selection of the most appropriate imaging modality in the corresponding clinical scenarios of nonvariceal UGIB. The American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed annually by a multidisciplinary expert panel. The guideline development and revision process support the systematic analysis of the medical literature from peer reviewed journals. Established methodology principles such as Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation or GRADE are adapted to evaluate the evidence. The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method User Manual provides the methodology to determine the appropriateness of imaging and treatment procedures for specific clinical scenarios. In those instances where peer reviewed literature is lacking or equivocal, experts may be the primary evidentiary source available to formulate a recommendation.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a significant vascular disease found in 4% to 8% of the screening population. If ruptured, its mortality rate is between 75% and 90%, and it accounts for up to 5% of sudden deaths in the United States. Therefore, screening of AAA while asymptomatic has been a crucial portion of preventive health care worldwide. Ultrasound of the abdominal aorta is the primary imaging modality for screening of AAA recommended for asymptomatic adults regardless of their family history or smoking history. Alternatively, duplex ultrasound and CT abdomen and pelvis without contrast may be appropriate for screening.The American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed annually by a multidisciplinary expert panel. The guideline development and revision process support the systematic analysis of the medical literature from peer reviewed journals. Established methodology principles such as Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation or GRADE are adapted to evaluate the evidence. The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method User Manual provides the methodology to determine the appropriateness of imaging and treatment procedures for specific clinical scenarios. In those instances where peer reviewed literature is lacking or equivocal, experts may be the primary evidentiary source available to formulate a recommendation.

Introduction: Systemic Inflammatory Diseases (SIDs) are associated with increased atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. Standard risk calculators do not provide adequate estimates of ASCVD risk and guideline-based prevention medications are often underutilized. This study examined the prevalence of atherosclerosis in Psoriatic disease (PsO) who were referred for coronary CT angiography (CCTA) and determined the prevalence of statin use before and after testing among patients with identified atherosclerosis.

This document discusses preprocedural planning for transcatheter aortic valve replacement, evaluating the imaging modalities used in initial imaging for preprocedure planning under two variants 1) Preintervention planning for transcatheter aortic valve replacement: assessment of aortic root; and 2) Preintervention planning for transcatheter aortic valve replacement: assessment of supravalvular aorta and vascular access. US echocardiography transesophageal, MRI heart function and morphology without and with IV contrast, MRI heart function and morphology without IV contrast and CT heart function and morphology with IV contrast are usually appropriate for assessment of aortic root. CTA chest with IV contrast, CTA abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast, CTA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast are usually appropriate for assessment of supravalvular aorta and vascular access. The American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed annually by a multidisciplinary expert panel. The guideline development and revision process support the systematic analysis of the medical literature from peer reviewed journals. Established methodology principles such as Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation or GRADE are adapted to evaluate the evidence. The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method User Manual provides the methodology to determine the appropriateness of imaging and treatment procedures for specific clinical scenarios. In those instances where peer reviewed literature is lacking or equivocal, experts may be the primary evidentiary source available to formulate a recommendation.