The present study aims to investigate advanced approaches for the simultaneous production of electricity and hydrogen from geothermal energy. This sustainable, clean, and environment-independent resource can play a pivotal role in the transition toward a low-carbon future. Within this framework, two systems were analyzed and compared: the suggested flash steam cycle with ejector and the baseline double-flash steam cycle, both coupled with a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer for clean hydrogen generation. The conducted thermodynamic, exergy, and economic modeling was validated against reference data, exhibiting negligible deviations and thus confirming the accuracy and reliability of the analytical framework. The findings revealed that incorporating the ejector increased the low-pressure turbine inlet pressure and enhanced the specific enthalpy drop across the lowpressure turbine, resulting in a net power improvement of approximately 4-7 % depending on ejector performance and system pressure losses, with a maximum increase of 6.7 % under ideal conditions, and a 2.5 % improvement in steam quality at the turbine inlet. Furthermore, a significant improvement in the second-law efficiency was observed compared to the baseline cycle. Notably, the increased net power directly boosted hydrogen production, such that the flash steam cycle with ejector consistently generated more hydrogen across all scenarios. From an economic perspective, the ejector-equipped cycle reduced the levelized cost of electricity by up to 4.5 % under optimal conditions and maintained superior performance under varying pressure and temperature conditions. These achievements not only enhance efficiency and reduce costs but also provide a pathway for industrial-scale deployment in geothermal power plants, hydrogen refueling stations, and hybrid energy systems.

Power-intensive commercial refrigeration systems significantly contribute to peak electricity demand, leading to high operational costs and grid instability. Although ice-based thermal energy storage has been increasingly adopted to alleviate this issue, existing systems often suffer from limited storage capacity, inefficient heat transfer, and suboptimal control strategies under fluctuating load conditions. To address these performance gaps, this study experimentally investigates the energy efficiency and peak load shifting capabilities of a commercial open-type display refrigerator integrated with a compact internal ice-on-coil thermal energy storage system. The system's performance was evaluated under varying operational parameters, including superheat settings, ice storage durations, water volumes, thermal curtain implementation, and both static and dynamic ice storage modes. Results demonstrate that increasing superheat to 2.9 K enhances refrigerant vaporization, improves compressor performance, and reduces energy consumption during peak hours. An optimal ice storage duration of 9 h and a water volume of 830 L were found to significantly enhance cold energy discharge, reduce compressor load, and lower electricity costs. The installation of thermal curtains further augmented energy efficiency, reducing electricity consumption by 7.65 % and improving peak load shifting by 29.75 %. Comparisons between dynamic and static ice storage modes revealed that dynamic operation improved heat transfer efficiency by 16.23 % and maintained higher COP values during prolonged operation, although static systems exhibited a higher ice packing factor. Overall, the proposed system achieved up to 24.45 % peak load shifting and 23.47 % electricity cost savings, indicating strong potential for widespread application in small-to medium-sized commercial refrigeration units in convenience stores and supermarkets. This work offers a practical and scalable solution for improving load flexibility and reducing energy demand in retail refrigeration.

Hydrogen is increasingly recognized as a promising clean energy carrier due to its versatility, environmental compatibility, and potential to meet growing global energy demands. This review examines the simultaneous production of power and hydrogen from various energy sources, both renewable and non-renewable. The study highlights the advantages of renewable-based hydrogen production methods, particularly in terms of environmental sustainability, which has driven their growing acceptance. Various production techniques, including gasification, photolysis, electrolysis, and reforming, are analyzed for their efficiency and feasibility. Among these, high-temperature electrolysis, specifically using solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs), is identified as the most efficient method due to its lower electrical energy consumption. The review also delves into the integration of hydrogen production with existing power generation systems, emphasizing the benefits of cogeneration and multi-generation approaches. These technologies enhance energy efficiency and diminish greenhouse gas emissions, in accordance with global sustainability objectives. The paper compares the energy efficiency and economic viability of different hydrogen production methods, concluding that while fossil fuels offer higher efficiency and lower costs, they also pose significant environmental challenges. In contrast, renewable energy sources, particularly geothermal and solar energy, are more sustainable options for hydrogen production, despite higher initial costs. This comprehensive review provides a critical evaluation of the current technologies for hydrogen and power co-production, offering insights into the future direction of clean energy research and the potential for integrating hydrogen into global energy systems.

This paper proposes a combined drying method called infrared vacuum drying (IVD) to extend the shelf life of perishable items like fruits. The method combines infrared and vacuum drying methods, allowing for quick drying and efficient use of thermal energy. First, the material tray temperature distribution was analyzed before IVD. Second, a single-factor experiment was conducted to explore the impact of infrared heating power, banana thickness, banana ripeness, and drying time on the color and moisture content of dried samples via IVD. The moisture content of bananas was found to be influenced by the power of infrared heating, with higher infrared heating power leading to faster drying rates and lower moisture content. Green bananas showed the best color performance before drying, while brown bananas had the highest initial moisture and sugar content. Drying banana slices with a thickness of 5 mm took at least 90 min to reach a moisture content below 20%. Third, the Taguchi method was used to determine the optimum process based on seven performance indicators including sugar content, color, texture, moisture content, rehydration rate, sensory analysis, and energy consumption. Based on the findings, the process having green bananas, infrared heating power of 432 W, 3-mm thick banana slices, and a drying time of 90 min obtained the highest average score of 7.4 among all performance index scores. Fourth, the energy consumption of IVD and freeze vacuum drying (FVD) was also analyzed, finding that IVD is still more energy-efficient than FVD in terms of energy consumption.

ABSTRACTThis article investigates the use of osmotic dehydration and ultrasonic pretreatment to improve the efficiency of vacuum freeze‐drying (FD) and microwave‐assisted vacuum freeze‐drying (FD‐VMD) methods. The study examines the influence of pretreatment time, osmotic solution concentration, and ultrasonic power on the moisture content of the pineapple samples. The results show that osmotic dehydration pretreatment can reduce moisture content and weight by up to 15.2% and 8.36%, respectively, while increasing sugar content by 7.5°Bx. Ultrasonic pretreatment is even more effective, with moisture content and weight decreasing by up to 37.5% and 19.45%, respectively, and sugar content decreasing by 4.1°Bx. The FD process shows no significant difference in moisture curve between pretreated and untreated samples, but the pretreated samples have a lower initial moisture content, leading to a potential 35.01% reduction in drying time. The study also evaluates the quality of the dried samples using eight performance indicators, finding that osmotic dehydration pretreatment improves sugar content, crispiness, and flavor, whereas ultrasonic pretreatment enhances rehydration rate, reduces final moisture and sugar content, and results in a softer texture. Additionally, pretreatment significantly reduces drying time and energy consumption, particularly ultrasonic pretreatment with a 120 W power and 40‐min duration, significantly reduces drying time and energy consumption by up to 30.02%. These findings demonstrate the positive impact of pretreatment on the energy efficiency and quality of pineapple slices under the FD‐VMD process.

The present study aims to optimize the microwave vacuum drying (MVD) of pineapples using three analytical stages: One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), the Taguchi method, and process adjustment. Key performance indicators, including drying curve, rehydration rate, color, texture, energy consumption, and sensory evaluation, were assessed to determine optimal settings. Initial ANOVA identified critical factors, including temperature control, microwave power density, vacuum pressure, and carousel speed. Higher microwave power densities significantly reduced drying time, and temperature control ensured product quality by balancing drying efficiency and minimizing overheating risks. Vacuum pressure contributed to enhanced moisture removal and improved color preservation, while turntable speed had a minimal impact on drying efficiency but ensured uniform temperature distribution. The Taguchi method further optimized these parameters, comprising a microwave power density of 7 W/g, a vacuum degree of 20 kPa, temperature control at 55 °C, and a turntable speed of 4 rpm. Subsequent process adjustments refined the settings to improve drying quality and stability, achieving comprehensive scores of 7.7 and 7.5 for the optimized configurations of 50°C with microwave power densities of 6 W/g and 7 W/g, respectively. This three-stage approach significantly improves MVD efficiency and product quality, offering practical insights for industrial-scale applications.

This study introduces and investigates a novel hybrid refrigeration system that integrates vapor-vapor ejector refrigeration (VVER) with two-phase liquid-vapor ejector refrigeration (LVER), termed the VVER-LVER cycle. Utilizing environmentally friendly refrigerants—R600a for the VVER cycle and R152a for the LVER cycle—the system demonstrates significant advancements in energy efficiency, economic feasibility, and environmental sustainability. A systematic design methodology is developed to optimize the dimensions of the two-phase ejector based on operational parameters, ensuring enhanced performance and pressure recovery. Through multi-objective genetic algorithm optimization, the study simultaneously maximizes exergy efficiency and minimizes total annual cost, achieving a Pareto-optimal solution with an exergy efficiency of 25.5 %, a total annual cost of $1011.61/year, and a coefficient of performance (COP) of 0.40 for a 5-kW cooling capacity system. Comparative analysis reveals substantial improvements over conventional hybrid ejector-compressor refrigeration cycles, including a 12 % increase in exergy efficiency, a 19 % reduction in annual costs, and an 11 % enhancement in COP. The integration of two-phase LVER and vapor-liquid separator technologies highlights the system's potential to address critical challenges in sustainable cooling applications. This research provides a comprehensive framework for the design, optimization, and evaluation of hybrid ejector-based refrigeration systems, contributing to the advancement of energy-efficient and cost-effective cooling technologies for industrial, commercial, and transportation applications.

The objective of this study is to create a simulation of a cavity containing high-heat rack server computing equipment. The aim is to explore various numbers of openings (two and four apertures) and rack layouts (shelf spacing of 30 and 60 mm and shelf height spacing of 35 and 17 mm) in order to minimize indoor temperature and achieve optimal heat dissipation. The numerical results are evaluated against the experimental data through the utilization of the least squares approach to determine unknown physical quantities. Next, a turbulence model that is appropriate is chosen using root mean square error analysis. The zero-equation model was selected for scenarios involving four ventilation openings, whereas the RNG k-ε model was good for scenarios involving two openings. Then, the resulting temperature and flow fields are assessed thereafter. Results revealed that expanding the distance between two racks has a minimal impact on the temperature of the rack surface and the convection coefficients. Thus, this research suggested using a shelf arrangement with a 30 mm shelf spacing to mitigate the occurrence of localized eddy currents at the upper part of the cavity, potentially diminishing the efficiency of ventilation. The presence of openings at the bottom of the cavity led to a 42

This study examines the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of rectangular fins positioned within a square cavity through the use of the inverse three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, experimental analysis, and the constant heat transfer rate assumption. This paper proposes a heat sink that uses a phase change material (PCM) made of paraffin within a small cavity. The inverse CFD method, combined with the least squares method, root mean square error, and excessive experimental data, is adopted to predict the unknown heat transfer rate Q and absorption heat Qab. One of the objectives of this study is to investigate the effect of the PCM heat sink on fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics within a cavity. A sequence of tests on various flow models indicates that employing the RNG k-ε turbulence model with the standard wall function is the most suitable choice for all scenarios in the three-fin model. Conversely, the zero-equation model proved to be a more adequate fit for the PCM heat sink. Another objective of this study is to study the effect of the height of the PCM heat sink on Q and Qab. The incorporation of a PCM heat sink results in a further improvement in the efficiency of heat dissipation. Part of the heat created is absorbed by the PCM heat sink, which absorbs 22.5 % of the thermal energy. Under the same volume, the PCM heat sink with a lower height (Hp = 0.012 m) absorbs 14 % more heat compared to Hp = 0.02 m. Thus, a lower-height PCM heat sink has a better heat dissipation effect.

The implementation of phase change materials (PCMs) in the building envelope for thermal management has grabbed the attention of many researchers. The PCM wallboards can be embedded in different positions in the exterior walls of the building, and a distinct thermal performance of the building has been achieved. This paper aims to simulate the heating/cooling performance of a four-story residential building located in Tehran (the capital of Iran), considering a double-layer of PCM wallboards next to the thermal insulation layer. This research examines the different positions of PCM wallboards within the building walls to establish their optimal location. In addition, the advantage of using a double-layer of PCM wallboards with different melting points compared to a single-layer one is studied. The results showed that the arrangement of PCM wallboards along with a thermal insulation layer can influence the energy consumption of the building. The results revealed that height can affect the placement of PCM wallboard and insulation layers. It was found that RT18/Insulation/RT28 is the best arrangement for the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd floors, while RT28/RT18/Insulation is the best mode to be embedded in the exterior wall of the 4th floor in terms of the lowest heating energy consumption in the building. Considering the cooling energy consumption, RT18/RT28/Insulation is the best arrangement for the 1st floor; RT18/Insulation/RT28 is the best arrangement for the 2nd and 3rd floors; and RT28/RT18/Insulation is the best arrangement for the 4th floor. In general, using the best conditions for each floor saves about 6.6 % and 2.8 % of heating and cooling energy, respectively.

In this paper, the rheological performance and dynamic viscosity of hybrid nanofluid containing SiO2 and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) nanoparticles (90:10) with 5W30 engine oil as base fluid is experimentally evaluated under different shear rates (SRs) in the range of 50–1000 rpm. The hybrid nanofluid volume fractions (VFs) and temperatures are considered in the ranges of 0.05–1.00 vol% and 5–65 °C, respectively. It was found that the hybrid nanofluid under study behaves as a non-Newtonian fluid. In addition, the calculated power law index was lower than unity, resulting in pseudoplastic features of hybrid nanofluid in all VFs and temperatures. It was observed that the rise of nanofluid temperature from 5 to 65 °C leads to the dynamic viscosity reduction (a 93% decrease in viscosity was observed in a VF of 0.2%), while the increase of nanofluid VF brings about the dynamic viscosity elevation (By increasing VF from 0.05% to 1% at SR of 800 rpm and temperature of 25 °C, the viscosity increases by 29.21%). Based on measured data, an innovative three-variable correlation was established that can more accurately estimate the experimental data than published correlations in the literature. Moreover, the capabilities of GMDH-type neural network (NN) and response surface methodology (RSM) to predict the relative viscosity of the hybrid nanofluid were evaluated. It was concluded that both NN and RSM approaches have a superior ability to forecast the dynamic viscosity behavior of the corresponding hybrid nanofluid, having R2 values of 0.999656 and 0.9955. Furthermore, the optimization was performed and the best solution for achieving the minimum dynamic viscosity with the maximum desirability (1.00) was obtained. Eventually, the dynamic viscosity sensitivity to changes in VF, temperature, and SR was evaluated. It was observed that the dynamic viscosity sensitivity increases as the nanofluid temperature and concentration increase considering a constant SR of 800 rpm.

This study presents the construction of an ice storage tank equipped with an internal ice-on-coil system. The cooling performance of the ice storage system is enhanced by utilizing the cavitation phenomenon induced by ultrasonic vibration in water. Active water circulation and spraying within the tank enhance cooling efficiency by promoting uniform temperature distribution. An analysis is conducted on the impact of various operating parameters, such as output powers of 200 W, 400 W, and 584 W, frequencies of 40 kHz, 80 kHz, and 120 kHz, and three different placements of the oscillator, on the cooling performance of ultrasonic-assisted static ice melting, dynamic ice melting, and ultrasonic-assisted dynamic ice melting systems. Ultrasonic-assisted static ice melting refers to ice melting with stationary water, while ultrasonic-assisted dynamic ice melting involves water circulation, enhancing heat transfer. The study examines performance indicators like instantaneous cooling rate, cumulative cooling capacity, average cooling rate, melting time, and heat gain by the system. The findings indicate that higher ultrasonic power levels enhance the average cooling rate and reduce the melting time by approximately 50 % and 32.2 %, respectively. However, the frequency does not have a significant effect on the cooling performance. In addition, the ice storage system had a significant increase in cooling rate of 294.87 % when utilizing the ultrasonic-assisted dynamic ice melting system. Furthermore, the melting time was lowered by 71 % in comparison to the static ice melting method. Of all the parameters, the power parameter has the greatest impact. The impact of the ultrasonic oscillator placement parameter is secondary, while the influence of the frequency parameter on the cooling performance is not significant.

In this work, the heat and mass transfer characteristics of kiwifruit samples during vacuum freeze-drying process have been investigated numerically and experimentally. The numerical simulation with moving grid method is adopted to simulate the radial and axial moving sublimation interfaces during vacuum freeze-drying. The simulated average moisture content and temperature of kiwifruit during drying are validated with the measured data, with the mean average error (MAE) of 14.7%. The findings demonstrate that the sublimation interface shifts toward the center during the drying process and the sublimation rate and pressure gradient are significant in the early stage of drying. After 10 h of drying process, the sublimation rate dropped by 80% due to the increase of the thickness of the dried region and the decrease of the shelf plate heat transfer. In addition, it is noted that the increasing shelf plate temperature and chamber pressure would cause an increase of sublimation rate, thereby reducing the drying time. Although increasing the sample thickness can improve the sublimation rate, the drying time becomes longer due to the presence of more ice crystals in thicker kiwifruit samples.

Ice storage air conditioners in the field of refrigeration and air conditioning have the ability to effectively regulate the power load curve by mitigating the occurrence of high peaks and filling in the low troughs in power consumption. In order to enhance the applicability of the ice-storage air conditioner, a method of experimental analysis was utilized to incorporate a dynamic circulation system into the specially designed ice-melting ice storage tank. The system consists predominantly of circulation pumps, transportation tubes, and sprinkler nozzles. The study examined the effects of several parameters, including the arrangement of sprinkler nozzles, the flow rate of the sprinkler nozzles, the temperature of the brine at the inlet, and the flow rate of the brine, on the performance of the system. The assessment of the performance was conducted by considering the average discharge rate, total discharge capacity, duration of melting, discharge rate, and the distribution of temperature within the phase change material (PCM) tank. Based on the empirical findings, the dynamic ice melting system exhibited a notable increase in the average discharge rate, ranging from 60.7 % to 89.2 %, as compared to the static ice melting system. The duration of ice melting experienced a decrease ranging from 45.3 % to 54.3 %, while the distribution of temperature in the tank containing PCM exhibited a greater level of uniformity in comparison to the process of static ice melting. The staggered arrangement of nozzles has demonstrated superior effectiveness in terms of parameter impacts. The study revealed a positive correlation between the rate at which ice melts and the flow rate of the sprinkler, the temperature at which brine enters the system, and the rate at which brine flows.

Air conditioners equipped with an ice storage system store a large amount of latent heat during the off-peak period at night, and use the stored cold energy for the air conditioner during the peak period of the day, thereby greatly reducing peak power consumption. In this study, an experimental analysis was conducted to evaluate the cold storage and cooling characteristics of an ice-on-coil storage system. Firstly, the influence of the inlet brine temperature, flowrate, and concentration on the discharge rate was studied. It was observed that all parameters were directly proportional to the discharge rate, and the effect of brine inlet temperature was more pronounced. Secondly, the alumina nanofluid as a phase change material was employed in the system for enhancing the thermal performance. The experimental results showed that using nanofluid shortened the freezing time, while it had a negative impact on the thermal behavior during the ice melting. Thirdly, the ice storage coils with spiral fins were used. It was concluded that the employment of finned coils reduced the melting time by 24.0 %, increased the average discharge rate by 74.4 %, and raised the cumulative discharge capacity by 63.5 % compared with original bare coil design.

Due to the complicated nature of desiccant-coated heat exchangers (DC-HXs), solving the highly-coupled tran-sient heat and mass transfer equations using numerical simulations are rather time-consuming and as a result may be impractical for real-time system optimization and seasonal simulations. On the other hand, the approach of majority of studies associated with DC-HXs is numerical and experimental analyses and there is no analytical model that can accurately predict the heat and moisture transfer in a DC-HX in the literature. Thus, in this paper, a new closed-form analytical solution is proposed to accurately predict the heat and moisture transfer in a DC-HX for the first time. The governing equations are simplified to a set of linear ordinary differential equations with initial conditions and then solved analytically. In the present analytical model, both linear and exponential profiles are assumed for the air temperature and humidity ratio along the DC-HX and the results are compared to experimental data collected in our lab. A new DC-HX coated with AQSOATM-FAM-Z02 is also fabricated and tested in our custom-built testbed under a wide range of operating conditions for model validation and per-formance assessment. Our results indicate that the present analytical solution with exponential profile assumption predicts the experimental data with an average relative difference of less than 10 %, while the linear profile assumption results in a relative difference of -20 % with the experimental data. The new analytical solution is capable of predicting the performance of DC-HXs, which is crucial for design, optimization and operating dehumidification systems in a variety of applications.

In this study, different coatings were applied to the bipolar plates (BPs) of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). The studied BPs materials include graphite, uncoated Al6061, Al6061 coated with single TiN (0.5 μm) layer, and different composite TiN/Ti layers. Experimental results show that the BP with TiN coating has a higher corrosion potential than those with TiN/Ti coatings, which implies TiN/Ti may have shorter operating life than TiN. The Al6061 with TiN (0.5 μm) has the lowest water contact angle among all the materials. As the Ti proportion on TiN increases, the water contact angle becomes greater, leading to better water removal ability and better fuel cell performance stability. The PEMFC performance with the Al6061 BPs coated with TiN/Ti (0.5μm/0.125 μm) is slightly better than that only coated with TiN. The appropriate thickness of Ti coating improves the PEMFC performance. The BPs made of uncoated Al6061 show the worst performance. After 480-h testing, the cell with uncoated Al6061 BPs has a significant performance degradation due to the increase of the ohmic resistance. The performance degradation rates with TiN/Ti and TiN coated BPs are slightly different, but both coatings significantly improve of the PEMFC life with Al6061 BPs.

Among the advanced drying methods, vacuum freeze-drying (VFD) preserves the quality of food to the greatest extent, but its biggest disadvantage is its high energy consumption. The microwave-assisted freeze drying is expected to greatly reduce the energy consumption of drying process compared to VFD. In this paper, firstly, the eutectic temperature analysis of the pineapple slices is performed using resistance method and the eutectic point of-15 degrees C is obtained. Sec-ondly, the impacts of four design variables including transition moisture content, microwave power density, drying temperature, and rotational speed of turntable on the product quality and energy consumption are deeply evaluated and discussed. The results show that the higher the microwave power density, the faster the drying rate. For example, the drying process reaching the final moisture content completes in 30, 60, and 90 min under power density of 8, 6, and 4 W/g, respectively. It is observed that employing a rotating turntable and a temperature control system leads to the uniform heating of the material and improved quality of products. Moreover, the lower the transition moisture content, the better the quality of dried products. In order to maintain the appearance of the product, the transition moisture content during the drying process should be within the range of 10-30%. Finally, Taguchi method is used to analyze the trend of experimental optimization. It is found that the most obvious factor affecting the comprehensive score of microwave-assisted freeze-drying process is transition moisture content, followed by the drying temperature and rotational speed. The least affecting parameter is the microwave power density. It is concluded that the microwave-assisted freeze-drying process under the transition moisture content of 20%, drying temperature of 40 degrees C, turntable rotational speed of 8 rpm, and microwave power density of 6 W/g has the efficient drying performance, saving 34.5% energy consumption and 33.3% drying time compared to pure VFD.

The utilization of phase change materials (PCMs) in buildings leads to the reduction of energy consumption and maintaining the indoor temperature within the comfort range. The PCM performance strongly depends on the climatic conditions, causing a major challenge. To overcome this issue, the employment of a double-layer PCM system is introduced. The energy and economic assessments of various double PCM systems in the building located in different climatic conditions of Iran have been conducted for the first time. In this study, two PCM wallboards with different enthalpy and melting temperatures were embedded in the external walls of a residential building located in various climatic regions of Iran. The performance of the double-layer PCM system in five cities of Iran including Tehran, Isfahan, Shiraz, Tabriz, and Bandar Abbas during hot and cold months of the year was evaluated from energy and economic viewpoints. It was inferred that embedding a double-layer PCM system reduces the heating/cooling energy consumption compared to single-layer ones. It was concluded that the RT18/RT28 double PCM system was the best candidate to be employed in the external walls of the building located in Tehran and Shiraz, which reduced the total energy consumption of the building up to 6.26% and 5.17%. The RT18/RT22 double PCM system was the most efficient system for the building placed in Tabriz and Isfahan reducing the total energy consumption up to 4.41% and 3.87%, and the RT22/RT28 double PCM system had the best performance in the building located in Bandar Abbas, which could save 6.58% of total energy. Moreover, it was concluded that the use of a double PCM system reduced temperature fluctuations in the external walls. In addition, the economic analysis was performed using the dynamic payback period and the results revealed that the employment of a double-layer PCM system reduced the investment return period by up to 50%.

In the present analysis, three potential serpentine flow channel designs for a flat-sheet membrane-based dehumidifier are designed and evaluated in terms of performance metrics such as dehumidification rate (DR), approach temperature (AT), pressure drop (ΔP), and coefficient of performance (COP). The dry side inlet air temperature and relative humidity (RH) are set at 27°C and 0%, and the wet side inlet air temperature and RH are fixed at 40°C and 85%. The inlet air flow rates of the dry and wet sides are both controlled in the range of 20-60 L min−1. The simulation results revealed that the geometrical design of the flow channels has a remarkable impact on the dehumidification performance of the dehumidifier. It is outlined that the water vapor concentration and temperature distribution at the outlet of all proposed serpentine flow channels are almost identical, showing the oversized design of the three- and six-inlet serpentine channels. Under the air flow rates of 30 ∼ 60 L min−1, it is seen that the DR, AT, and ΔP of three-, six-, and nine-inlet serpentine channels are in descending order. It is found that the size and quantity of the channel outlets and inlets have a great influence on the pressure drop. Moreover, the dehumidifier with nine-inlet serpentine flow channel can provide the highest COP with a limited increase in the pressure loss. Hence, this channel design can be a good candidate to be implemented in the flat-sheet membrane-based dehumidifier. The findings of this study could be beneficial for the design of novel dehumidifiers.