The National Botanical Garden, Mirpur (Bangladesh), was established in 1961 with a wide landscape of 214 acres. The garden is located in one of the fastest-developing communities of Mirpur 1, at the center of the capital, Dhaka. The garden has a large herbarium with 100,000 samples, including rare collections of mammals (70 species), birds (190 species), and various plants and trees (1042 species), as well as six water bodies. Despite such a wonderful collection, the garden attracts only about 100,000 visitors annually. The main visitors are local senior citizens, some students, and a couple of tourists, according to witnesses. However, reports say the ecotourism market valuation was USD 235.54 billion in the year 2023. It is expected to reach around 665.20 billion USD within this decade (till 2030). Additionally, global market reports say that garden tourism alone accounts for USD 5.02 billion of the ecotourism industry. Besides these, scholars have reported that the current generations (Millennials and Generation Z) have serious concerns and an attraction to natural sustainability, as well as sensitivity to animal lives worldwide. Considering the potential of the botanical garden in Dhaka, the authors found that a gap in public relations and marketing is a major barrier to the garden reaching its full capacity as a tourist attraction. This paper is based on a systematic literature review (SLR) and participant observation to analyze the current situation and develop a marketing model specific to the national botanical garden in Mirpur.

This study explores the determinants of economic growth of 140 developing and developed nations from 1990 to 2020 using the fixed-effect (FE) regression analysis with controls for the country and time fixed effects. This study analyzes the extent to which the factors determining the rate of growth of economies depend on the stage of development. The findings suggest that among the examined factors, the most influential ones for the growth of developing economies are gross capital formation (GCF) (β = 0.184) and trade openness (TRADE) (β = 0.125), while natural resource rents suggest weak evidence of the resource curse. For developed economies, on the other hand, human capital (HC) (β = 0.152) and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) (β = 0.198) are the leading determinants of growth. Physical capital is not significantly influencing the growth of developed countries because of diminishing marginal productivity. The results reveal that the applicability of neoclassical and endogenous growth theories depends on context. For policy makers, this study implies that developing countries should concentrate on investment and trade liberalization, and developed ones – on innovation, education, and knowledge-based growth. This study is aligned with some of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including decent work and economic growth as well as industry, innovation, and infrastructure.

This study re-evaluates the Kuznets Curve by analyzing the non-linear correlation between economic development and income inequality in lower-middle-income countries (LMICs) from 1996 to 2024. The analysis utilizes panel data from 33 lower-middle-income countries to examine the Kuznets curve and to investigate the influence of several macroeconomic and institutional factors on income inequality. The results from the analysis suggest that economic growth amplifies inequality and subsequently decreases after reaching a threshold point as per capita GDP continues to rise in the short term. This confirms the inverted-U pattern of the Kuznets curve. On the other hand, long-run observations indicate a U-shaped trajectory of income inequality, contradicting the Kuznets hypothesis. The analysis finds that expenditure on education and healthcare act as an equalizer of income inequality. However, inflation and population growth rates have complex and context-dependent effects on inequality. This study advocates policy measures to foster inclusive growth, especially investments in human capital, careful management of inflation, and equitable taxation to reduce income inequality.

With the widespread adoption of mobile phone use (PMU) among undergraduate (UG) students in Kathmandu’s academic institutions, this research aims to investigate how emotional intelligence (EI) functions as both a mediator and a moderator in the MPU-Affective Commitment (AC) relationship among undergraduate students in selected academic institutions in Kathmandu. A quantitative cross-sectional survey questionnaire, comprising 30 statements, was completed by 423 undergraduate (UG) students from selected academic institutions in Kathmandu. Responses were recorded on a 5-point Likert-type scale. The relationships were examined using partial least squares structural equation modeling. The study revealed relationships between MPU, EI, and AC. EI exhibited both mediating and moderating effects on the relationship between MPU and AC. However, the mediation observed is partial. Additionally, EI played a moderating role, influencing the strength and direction of the MPU-AC relationship. Based on these findings, it is evident that emotional intelligence (EI) plays a multifaceted role in the relationship between mobile phone use (MPU) and affective commitment (AC) in academic pursuits. EI serves as both a mediator and a moderator, highlighting the complexity of these interactions. These insights hold significant implications for educational institutions seeking to leverage the positive aspects of mobile technology while nurturing EI to enhance students’ AC. This insight can inform educators and policymakers on strategies to optimize the positive effects of mobile technology on student commitment while addressing potential challenges.

PurposeThe well-being of employees is very crucial, especially for the survival and sustainability of the mobile telecommunication industry and thus, the deployment of flexible working arrangements becomes paramount for managers and industry practitioners to implement. This research aimed to assess the impact of flexible working arrangements on employee well-being within the mobile telecommunication industry.Design/methodology/approachUtilizing multiple linear regression analysis, the research tested hypotheses to examine the significance of the relationships. Grounded in the Border Theory of Balanced Work, the study sought to explore the relationship between flexible working arrangements, including flextime schedules, compressed workweeks and telecommuting and various dimensions of employee well-being.FindingsThe results of the study demonstrated a statistically significant positive effect of flexible working arrangements on employee well-being within the mobile telecommunication industry. It concluded that flexible working arrangements that are measured with a flextime schedule, a compressed workweek and telecommuting improve employee well-being through psychological well-being, social well-being and workplace well-being.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the existing body of knowledge by establishing a positive connection between flexible working arrangements and employee well-being in the context of the mobile telecommunication industry. Managers of telecommunication firms should continue with the implementation of flexible working arrangements to enhance the well-being of their employees. The study provides valuable insights for both scholars and industry practitioners, emphasizing the significance of continued implementation of flexible working arrangements to promote and sustain the well-being of employees.

This study delves into the complex interplay between gross domestic product (GDP) and key macroeconomic indicators in the contexts of Turkey and Bangladesh. By examining panel data spanning from 1981 to 2020 sourced from the World Bank, we investigate the causal relationships between GDP growth and various factors including population growth, inflation, literacy rate, natural resource utilization, investment, and foreign direct investment (FDI). Our research aims to address critical questions regarding the economic trajectories of these two emerging economies. Specifically, we seek to understand how different macroeconomic variables influence GDP growth in Bangladesh and Turkey, while also exploring the unique socio-economic landscapes of these nations. Methodologically, we employ the Dumitrescu–Hurlin panel causality test to analyze the causal relationships between GDP growth and the aforementioned macroeconomic indicators. Our findings reveal direct, statistically significant associations between GDP growth and these variables, with population growth emerging as a particularly influential factor. The implications of our study extend beyond empirical observations, offering valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders seeking to foster sustainable economic development in both Bangladesh and Turkey. By identifying the key drivers of GDP growth and their impact on economic performance, our research contributes to the existing body of literature on economic development in emerging economies. In conclusion, this study sheds light on the intricate dynamics of GDP growth in Turkey and Bangladesh, highlighting the importance of understanding and leveraging macroeconomic indicators to promote inclusive and sustainable economic growth in these nations.

Every person is special in some aspects or areas that are very rare in this world. Specialization in any area which is pretty much comfortable for one person could be very tough for another person. Crowdsourcing makes the bridge between specialized persons and employers where employers hire those persons at competitive prices. The new term “crowdsourcing” originated in the last decade to make outsourcing a focused area. The small job market could be replaced by an open global market by proper utilization of crowdsourcing. In addition, there is a strong connection between crowdworkers and migrant workers studying themes and literature. This study has done thematic analysis using a literature review map to know the current research on crowdworkers as well as high-skilled migrant workers in crowdsourcing platforms that will help to identify strengths and limitations in this area. The results suggest that crowdsourcing can be an effective way to connect migrated workers with employers and to drive innovation and problem-solving in a range of industries. As a result, a critical examination of how crowdsourcing is connected to migrated workers is recommended in the future.

The unpredictability of the business environment caused by several unforeseen circumstances has necessitated for resilience consciousness that are driven by effective talent management strategies. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the prediction of business resilience through talent management strategies in selected interest deposit money banks operating in the South-Eastern Nigeria with human capital and resilience theories as the baseline theories. Accessible population of 20 interest deposit money banks that are licensed by the Central Bank of Nigeria constitutes the organisations under investigation. Simple random sampling technique was used to select the twenty interest deposit money banks in south-eastern parts of Nigeria. Questionnaire served as a method for data collection. Frequency distribution was used to analyse the participants' demographic profiles while formulated research proposition was analysed with linear regression with SPSS version 25. The results of the investigation revealed talent management strategies predicted the measures of business resilience.

This study aimed to examine the role and impact of social media on the knowledge of the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh through disseminating actual changes in health safety, trust and belief of social media’s coverage statistics, isolation, and psychological numbness among students. This study used a cross-sectional design in which a quantitative approach was adopted. Data from an online survey were collected in a short period of time during the early stages of COVID-19 to determine the relationship between social media activity and knowledge of the COVID-19 pandemic with accuracy. A total of 189 respondents were interviewed using structured questionnaires during the onset of the COVID-19 outbreak in Bangladeshi university students. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and path analysis were performed. Out of 189 respondents, about 80% were aged between 16 and 25 years, of which nearly 60.33% were students. This study explored four factors—knowledge and health safety, trust in social media news, social distancing or quarantine, and psychological effect—using factor analysis. These four factors are also found to be positively associated in path analysis. Validation of the model was assessed, revealing that the path diagram with four latent exogenous variables fit well. Each factor coefficient was treated as a factor loading (β = 0.564 to 0.973). The results suggested that the measurement models using four elements were appropriate. The coefficient of determination was 0.98, indicating that the model provided an adequate explanation. Social media is transforming the dynamics of health issues, providing information and warnings about the adverse effects of COVID-19, having a positive impact on lockdown or quarantine, and promoting psychological wellness. This comprehensive study suggested that social media plays a positive role in enhancing knowledge about COVID-19 and other pandemic circumstances.

This study aims to investigate the effect of impression management on employee contextual performance in service organizations using quantitative methods. The social influence theory, which explains the role of superior influence over the subordinate, served as the theoretical underpinning for the study. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted in line with positivism research philosophy. The accessible population of this study consists of one hundred selected service-oriented firms (four-star hotels, fast food restaurants, and travel agencies) operating in the southern part of Nigeria. The sample consists of middle managers, human resource managers, front desk officers, housekeepers, and customer relationship managers. Frequency distribution was used to analyze participants’ profiles, while linear regression was employed to analyze the formulated hypotheses. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 20.0 served as statistical software. Linear regression results suggest that self-promotion exerted a significant positive effect on co-worker support. Ingratiation demonstrated a significant positive effect on customer satisfaction. It appears that exemplification exerted a significant positive effect on enterprise compliance. The outcome of this study has demonstrated that traditional managerial skills can no longer hold water in contemporary service-oriented organizations because of the workplace's dynamic and changing technological structure. This study concludes that impression management can assist managers in influencing their employees positively to achieve organizational objectives. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-02-05 Full Text: PDF

Purpose. The goal of this research was to scrutinize how business strategy helps to increase business sustainability by considering the roles of quadratic effects and students’ Innovation in the formation of business. It is worthwhile to investigate the role of partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) in crowdsourcing business strategy approaches toward sustainability. Methodology. To attain these goals, we conducted quantitative research, which included first-order by three dimensions of business strategy for the analyzed reflective model. In order to gather quantitative data and identify the predictor factors that affect the sustainability associated with the quadratic effects, a thorough exploratory PLS-SEM strategy was applied. Findings. The participants (N = 218) studying at Daffodil International University (DIU) in Bangladesh took part in the online survey. The findings indicate that DIU students’ intention for businesses strategy is conscious of the potential changes, and that they have begun to build internal processes geared toward sustainability. Also, the first-order constructs are the selection of environment, long-term behavior, and strategical involvements management resources into business strategies which have a positive correlation with the significant impact on business sustainability. While business strategy contributed to the formation of an innovative sustainability model, the presence of a linear effect and a positive parabolic effect was statistically significant. Finally, business strategy has a favorable impact on sustainability with both linear and parabolic effects. Originality. Business strategy is proved to have contributed to forming an innovative model of sustainability, having a linear effect and a positive parabola effect as statistically significant. As a result, business strategy has a beneficial impact on sustainability, with both linear and parabolic effects. These findings have ramifications for how potential entrepreneurs handle their businesses in order to improve sustainability. Practical value. The results show that business strategy is essential for aspiring entrepreneurs to increase creativity and efficiency in the direction of sustainability.

Developing countries face various complexities and challenges while negotiating trade particularly large-scale trade with other countries. A strong and good trade negotiation can play a vital role in achieving the destination by implementing trade agreements suitably. The objectives of this paper is to provide the concept of trade negotiation in details and to sketch some guidelines for constructing strong trade negotiation. For this reason, by using various secondary data sources, this study tries to explain all the basic knowledge for trade negotiations and suggests some negotiating trade fashions which should improve the trade relationship between Bangladesh and other countries of Asia region like ASEAN countries.

The goal of this research was to create a partial least square structural equation model (PLS-SEM) with a second-order structural model to investigate the interaction between research-based methodologies and relationship factors that significantly influence learning satisfaction among university students. The instruments used in this study were a simple random sampling technique for structural equation model (SEM) analysis, while a quantitative process of survey data collection was manipulated through SPSS and Smart-PLS. The presented study attempted to explore whether teachers’ strategies are linked with their students for the students’ learning satisfaction. Thus, it represents the demands and expectations of two statistically significant common phenomena: research-based components and relationship approach components. This set of teaching techniques encourages university students and enhances their learning satisfaction. Moreover, this study explored teaching strategies that influence factors having a directly significant influence on learning satisfaction at university level. Each factor measures the relationship’s construct, proven to be a second-order SEM reflective model that is statistically significant. Our study explored learning satisfaction as an integral part of teaching strategies, by first- and second-order structural equation modeling, supported by students’ expectations, and the study’s empirical results provide potential implications for learning satisfaction.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of knowledge management on innovation capability in the banking sector. Research methodology: Cross-sectional research design was employed in this study as it supports the use of questionnaire for data collection. Fifteen deposit money banks constitute the accessible population. Questionnaire was used as an instrument for data collection. A sample size of 272 was drawn from the overall population of 920. Overall, 259 staff participated in the study. Demographic characteristics of participants were analysed with frequency distribution while linear regression was used to analyse formulated hypotheses with the aid SPSS. Findings: This study found that knowledge management has significant positive effects on innovation capability. Research limitations: The research limitation is associated with cross-sectional survey and geographical scope. Future studies should employ longitudinal survey that support data collection for a year. Secondly, future studies should be carried out in other countries other than Africa. Practical implications: The implication of the finding is that managers and directors of banks should encourage knowledge management practices in their workplaces as this has proven by this study to improve innovation capability in terms of marketing innovation capability, product innovation capability and process innovation capability. Originality/Value: There is no research that has investigated the effects of knowledge management on innovation capability. Thus, this study provides new insight on promoting innovation capability through knowledge management.