La retinopathie diabetique est l'une des complications de la microangiopathie diabetique qui survient generalement au bout de quelques annees d'evolution du diabete insuline-dependant. Nous rapportons un cas de retinopathie diabetique non proliferante severe decouvert au moment du diagnostic de diabete insuline-dependant chez une patiente de 27 ans. La photocoagulation au laser Argon des territoires de non-perfusion capillaire a ete entamee. L'evolution s'est faite vers l'apparition d'une retinopathie diabetique proliferante. L'incidence et le delai d'apparition de la retinopathie diabetique chez le diabetique insuline-dependant sont discutes, ainsi que sa severite. L'examen ophtalmologique doit donc etre systematique des la decouverte du diabete et ce quel que soit le type insul no-dependant ou non.

INTRODUCTION The chronic blepharitis is a current ophthalmic disease posing a therapeutic problem. The etiologic diagnosis is essential for adapting the treatment. PURPOSE The aim of this study is to describe the role of Demodex sp, Malassezia sp and Candida sp in the pathogenesis of chronic blepharitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS It's a prospective study realized during a period of 14 months. It interested 69 patients with chronic blepharitis and 96 controls. The prevalence of Demodex sp, Malassezia sp and Candida sp on the eyelash of chronic blepharitis patients and controls was investigated. RESULTS Demodex folliculorum was found in 58% of patients with chronic blepharitis and in 15,6% of controls. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0,00001). The sex and the age intervene neither in the frequency, nor in the abundance of D. folliculorum in the two groups. Malassezia sp was identified in 10,4% of the control group and 31,88% of the group with chronic blepharitis. The difference is significant (P<0,00001). There is no correlation between frequency and abundance of Malassezia, sex and age in the two groups. CONCLUSION In our study, D. folliculorum and Malassezia sp seem to be accused in the genesis of the chronic blepharitis. Their systematic search is necessary in order to adapt the treatment.

To determine the risk factors involved in the development of macular edema.A retrospective, case-control study conducted on 200 diabetic patients with diabetic retinopathy: 100 patients with macular edema and 100 control patients. All patients were examined using slit-lamp biomicroscopy completed by fluorescein angiography. A physical examination and the appropriate biological investigations were also carried out. Statistical significance was determined by the chi square test and Fisher's exact test. A value of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.The incidence of macular edema was significantly associated with longer duration of diabetes, a higher level of glycemia, the type of diabetes in the older onset group using insulin, the severity of diabetic retinopathy at baseline, and old age. Panretinal photocoagulation was also found as a risk factor for macular edema.These data suggest that laser photocoagulation, reduction of hyperglycemia and better control of other factors may result in a beneficial decrease in macular edema.

Aim: To determine the risk factors involved in the development of macular edema.Patients and methods: A retrospective, case-control study conducted on 200 diabetic patients with diabetic retinopathy: 100 patients with macular edema and 100 control patients. All patients were examined using slit-lamp biomicroscopy completed by fluorescein angiography. A physical examination and the appropriate biological investigations were also carried out. Statistical significance was determined by the chi square test and Fisher's exact test. A value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The incidence of macular edema was significantly associated with longer duration of diabetes, a higher level of glycemia, the type of diabetes in the older onset group using insulin, the severity of diabetic retinopathy at baseline, and old age. Panretinal photocoagulation was also found as a risk factor for macular edema.Conclusion: These data suggest that laser photocoagulation, reduction of hyperglycemia and better control of other factors may result in a beneficial decrease in macular edema.

Diabetic retinopathy is one of the diabetic microangiopathy complications generally occurring after insulin-dependent diabetes has evolved for a few years. We report a 27-year-old woman with severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy discovered at the time of insulin-dependent diabetes diagnosis. Argon laser photocoagulation of retinal ischemic territories was initiated. The disease progressed to proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy incidence, onset and severity in insulin-dependent diabetics is discussed. Systematic ophthalmic examination seems necessary at the onset of insulin-dependent or non-insulin-dependent diabetes.

PURPOSE to determine the prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with occlusive retinal vascular events, exempt from conventional risk factors of retinal thrombosis. METHODS eleven patients with retinal vascular occlusion, free of main accepted risk factors for retinal thrombosis, were retrospectively screened for antiphospholipid antibodies (anticardiolipin and anti-beta2 glycoprotein 1 antibodies) by an Elisa method. Prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies were compared with those in a homogenous control group of 100 patients. RESULTS the prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies in the study group was 27% (three of 11). Comparison with control group prevalence (3%) showed a statistically significant difference (p < 0,001). One patient in the study disclosed positivity for IgG anticardiolipine antibodies, one for IgM anticardiolipine antibodies and one for anti-beta2 glycoprotein 1 antibodies. CONCLUSION our results lead us to recommend a systematic search for specific antiphospholipid antibodies in such young patients which could have an importance for the diagnosis of primary antiphospholipid syndrome.

Objectifs : determiner la prevalence des anticorps antiphospholipides chez des patients presentant une occlusion vasculaire retinienne, en l'absence de tout autre facteur de risque conventionnel des thromboses. Methodes : les serums de 11 patients ayant une occlusion vasculaire retinienne ont ete testes par Elisa pour la recherche des anticorps antiphospho-lipides (anticorps anticardiolipine et anti-beta2 glycoproteine 1). La prevalence des anticorps antiphospholipides chez le groupe malade a ete comparee avec celle observee chez le groupe temoins sains donneurs de sang. Resultats : les anticorps antiphospholipides ont ete trouves chez 27 % (3/11) des malades ayant une occlusion vasculaire retinienne contre 3 % chez les temoins sains. L'analyse statistique a montre l'existence d'une difference significative entre le groupe malade et le groupe temoin pour la presence des anticorps antiphospholipides (p

UNLABELLED:Open-angle glaucoma is most frequent in diabetics. Its evolution seems to be most severe although an equilibrated tonometry under glaucoma treatment in literature.AIM OF THE STUDY:comparison of evolution of glaucoma between diabetics and non diabetics.MATERIAL AND METHODS:A retrospective study of 72 glaucomatous patients diabetic and non diabetic was performed. A complete ophthalmologic examination with tonometry, funduscopy: sup disc measurement and automated perimetry was realised. Evolution was studied after chirurgical or medical treatment each four months with a mean follow up of 2 years.RESULTS:We observed that the evolution of Open-angle glaucoma in diabetics is significatively not different from non diabetics.CONCLUSION:Open-angle glaucoma evolution in diabetics is not more severe than general population.