Background Perceptions of benefits and barriers are important determinants in understanding colorectal cancer screening (CRCS) behaviors. There is a need for standardized Turkish tools that measure the benefits and barriers of fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and colonoscopy (COL). Objective The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the "Instruments to Measure CRCS Benefits and Barriers." Methods This methodological study was carried out in 2 stages in primary care and in 394 adults between the ages of 50 and 70 years. In the first stage, some items of the scales demonstrated low/unacceptable corrected item-total and factor loadings, and in the second stage, it was decided to add emoji-based facial scales, which include emoji expressions. Results Results with the emoji-based facial scales included internal consistency coefficients of 0.85 for FOBT benefits, 0.79 for FOBT barriers, 0.84 for COL benefits, and 0.86 for COL barriers; the item-total correlations of FOBT varied between 0.39 and 0.73, whereas those of COL varied between 0.38 and 0.76. The factor loadings of all items were higher than 0.40. Conclusions The emoji-based facial scale for CRC Screening Benefits and Barriers is a valid and reliable tool for measuring the benefits and barriers perceptions of 50- to 70-year-old Turkish adults. Implications for Practice The Instruments to Measure CRCS Benefits and Barriers-Turkish version can provide insights for nurses and healthcare professionals to understand individuals' perceived FOBT and COL benefits and barriers and to develop effective interventions to increase CRCS rates.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:To identify final-year undergraduate students and new graduate nurses' behavioural intentions towards medication safety across four countries. BACKGROUND:Medication errors are a common and avoidable occurrence, being costly for not only patients but also for health systems and society. DESIGN:A multi-site cross-sectional study. METHODS:A self-administered survey was distributed to students and new graduate nurses in South Africa, India, Turkey and Australia. Descriptive statistics were calculated for all survey items. Multiple linear regressions were performed to predict behavioural intentions using the three Theory of Planned Behaviour constructs: attitudes, behavioural control and subjective norms. This study adheres to the STROBE guidelines. RESULTS:Data were analysed for 432 students and 576 new graduate nurses. Across all countries, new graduate nurses reported significantly higher scores on all the TPB variables compared with student nurses. Attitudes towards medication management were found significantly and positively related to intention to practice safe medication management for both student and new graduate nurses. Total perceived behavioural control was significantly and negatively related to intention to practice safe medication management for students. CONCLUSION:Student and new graduate nurses showed favourable attitude, subjective norm, perceived behaviour control and intention in practising medication safety. However, differences in countries require further exploration on the factors influencing attitudes towards medication safety among student nurses and new nurse graduates. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE:Understanding student and new graduate nurses' medication administration practices is important to inform strategies aimed at improving patient safety. The findings of this study highlight the need for an internationally coordinated approach to ensure safe medication administration by student and new graduate nurses.

Background: Reporting, investigating, and full disclosure of medication errors (MEs) is a fundamental component of patient safety. Therefore, determining nursing students' intention to report MEs is important. Purpose: This study examined the factors related to nursing students' intention to report MEs and the use of the Turkish version of the Theory of Planned Behavior Medication Safety Questionnaire (TPB-MSQ-T). Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used with a sample of 227 undergraduate nursing students in Istanbul, Turkey. Students' intentions to report MEs were measured using an online TPB-MSQ-T. Quantitative analysis was conducted. Results: Attitudes and perceived behavioral control (PBC) were significant predictors of intention to report MEs (P = .05 and P = .01, respectively), but subjective norms did not predict it (P = .11). The Cronbach's a of the questionnaire was 0.88. Conclusions: Attitude and PBC are important determinants of nursing students' intention to report MEs. The TPB-MSQ-T can be used for identifying the main determinants of intention to report MEs.

Background Reporting, investigating, and full disclosure of medication errors (MEs) is a fundamental component of patient safety. Therefore, determining nursing students' intention to report MEs is important. Purpose This study examined the factors related to nursing students' intention to report MEs and the use of the Turkish version of the Theory of Planned Behavior Medication Safety Questionnaire (TPB-MSQ-T). Methods A descriptive cross-sectional design was used with a sample of 227 undergraduate nursing students in Istanbul, Turkey. Students' intentions to report MEs were measured using an online TPB-MSQ-T. Quantitative analysis was conducted. Results Attitudes and perceived behavioral control (PBC) were significant predictors of intention to report MEs (P = .05 and P = .01, respectively), but subjective norms did not predict it (P = .11). The Cronbach's α of the questionnaire was 0.88. Conclusions Attitude and PBC are important determinants of nursing students' intention to report MEs. The TPB-MSQ-T can be used for identifying the main determinants of intention to report MEs.

Background: Reporting, investigating, and full disclosure ofmedication errors (MEs) is a fundamental component of patient safety. Therefore, determining nursing students' intention to report MEs is important. Purpose: This study examined the factors related to nursing students' intention to report MEs and the use of the Turkish version of the Theory of Planned Behavior Medication Safety Questionnaire (TPB-MSQ-T). Methods:A descriptive cross-sectional design was used with a sample of 227 undergraduate nursing students in Istanbul, Turkey. Students' intentions to report MEs were measured using an online TPB-MSQ-T. Quantitative analysis was conducted. Results: Attitudes and perceived behavioral control (PBC) were significant predictors of intention to report MEs (P = .05 and P = .01, respectively), but subjective norms did not predict it (P = .11). The Cronbach's α of the questionnaire was 0.88. Conclusions: Attitude and PBC are important determinants of nursing students' intention to report MEs. The TPB-MSQ-T can be used for identifying the main determinants of intention to report MEs.

Background and aim: There is a need for new approaches and a focus on development of health information technologies for effective hypertension management. The Omaha System is comprehensive, evidence-based, holistic assessment tool for documenting, organizin g, and storing clinical data. The aim of this study was to evaluate the problems, nursing interventions and ca re outcomes of hypertensive individuals in primary care with using the Omaha System, and to examine feasibility of using the Omaha System as a clinical information system in hypertension management. Methodology: The sample included 88 hypertensive patients who t aking health care services from the two family healh centers in Istanbul. Manual and electr onic forms of the Omaha System were used as the ass essment instrument. Results: Identifed problems were respectively; circulation, nutrition, physical activity, medication regimen, mental health, substance use, health care supervisi on, leep and rest patterns, and income. In all sel ected problems except income; knowledge, behavior and sta tus scores increased significantly. Conclusion: The feasibility of the Omaha System as a guideline to timely and holistic assessment of hypertensive patient in primary care was demonstrat ed.

Assessment of sleep is an important determinant of health. Moreover, sleep assessment is quite difficult in elderly people; getting consent for participation in the study, spending more time due to cognitive and communicative disruptions, having difficulties in accessing to individuals, and higher withdrawal rate of elderly people than adults occur as additional difficulties. The objective of the study was to determine whether 1-day measurement could be enough to determine the circadian rhythm of cognitively intact older adults in nursing home. A sample of the study consisted of individuals living in three nursing homes with similar environmental conditions and who were independent in daily living activities. The exclusion criteria were severe health problems, severe neurological and mental diseases, and severe hearing loss and cognitive impairment. Continuous actigraphy monitoring was performed in 52 older adults who met the sampling criteria over a 4-day period. Cycle mesor, amplitude, acrophase, and R-2, calculated using 1 to 4 days of data and each day of data, were compared. For amplitude, acrophase and R-2 parameters, there was no statistically significant difference between 4-day measurement and 1-day measurement (p > 0.05). However, for mesor parameter, there was no significant difference between 1-day, 2-day, and 3-day measurements, and differentiation was observed in 4-day measurements. A daily measurement could be used to determine the circadian rhythm of actigraphy in cognitively intact older adults in nursing home. However, further studies are required to better understand and support our findings.

Background/aim The measurement of self-efficacy is an important step toward improving chronic disease management, enhancing adherence to treatment, and assessing patients with chronic diseases. The purpose of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Self-Efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease 6-Item Scale. Materials and methods In this methodological study, the sample consisted of 211 patients receiving chronic disease care in 2 family health centers in İstanbul, Turkey. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, concurrent validity, Cronbach’s alpha, item-total correlation, and test-retest reliability. Results Most of the sample were women (72%), primary school graduates (41.7%), hypertensive (68.7%), and had comorbidities (68.2%). The mean age of the sample was 60.5 ± 10.9. The scale mean was 5.66 ± 2.28. Cronbach’s alpha reliability was 0.90. Item-total correlations were between 0.64–0.85 and test-retest reliability was high (R = 0.95, P < 0.001). A positive, significant correlation was found in concurrent validity. According to the results of factor analysis, the scale had a 2-dimensional structure. Conclusion The Turkish version of the Self-Efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease 6-Item Scale is a valid and reliable instrument to assess perceived the self-efficacy level of patient with chronic disease.

Egzersiz. saghkh ya an1 biyin1i davran1 lar1 aras1nda yer alan, insan saghgnu olu1nlu yOnde ctkileyen en tc1Ttcl akti vite siirecidir. He1n:;;ire cgzersizin fizyolojik vc psikososyai etkilerini hem ireiik tamlamas1, planlamasi vc deger­ lendirn1esi a:;;arnalar1nda gOzOnlinde bulundurur. Topltul1 saghg1 he1n iresi bircy ve grnplann sonmlan ve aktivite bi9imlcrini tarnmlamada ve toplumsal diizeyde egzersizin gelj9n1esini sag1an1ada 6ne1nli bir konun1dad1r.

erken dOnemde ya ad1klan sorunlan belirlemek amac1yla tan1mlay1c1 olarak planlanm1 tlf. Ara t1rma, Ocak 2003 - Haziran 2003 tarihleri aras1nda istanbul'da bir iiniversite hastanesinde, sezeryan dogum yapan kad1nlar aras1ndan olas1hks1z Ornekleme yOntemi ile seyilen 112 logusa ile geryekle tirilmi tir. Veriler, literatlir bilgileri dogrultusunda geli tirilen bir gOrli me formu ile dogum sonu 3. gtinde bir kez yliz ylize gOrli tilerek elde edilmi tir. Bulgular ylizdelik ve kikare testleri kullan1larak degerlendirilmi tir. Kendi istegi ile sezeryan olan kad1nlann oran1 o/o 26.S'dir. Kendi tercihiyle sezeryan dogum yapma oran1 yah an, egitimli ve primipar kad1nlarda daha fazlad1r. Kad1nlann yakla;;;1k yans1 sezeryan dogumu dU Uk riskli ve basit bir ameliyat olarak degerlendirmektedirler. Sezeryan sonras1 en s1k ya anan fiziksel sorunlar siras1yla; bebeginin bak1m1n1 listlenmede gliyllik, aktivite entolerans1, kendi bak1m1n1 slirdlirmede gliyltik, yorgunluk, uykusuzluk, emzirmede gliyltik, kannda gerginlik-gaz, entlibasyona bagh bogazda tahri ve meme problemleridir. Psikososyal sorunlar aras1nda en yayg1n olanlar, bebegini gOrmede gecikmeye bagh rahats1zhk, bebegine baglanmada gliyllik, lizlilme/suyluluk duyma, beden imaj1nda bozulma, evde rollerini slirdiirememe endi esi ve iile ilgili kaygtlard1r. Sezeryan dogum yapan kad1nlann erken dOnem fiziksel ve psikososyal sorunlan oldukya yayg1nd1r. Benzer yah malann farkh Ozellikte ve daha btiytik kadin gruplannda tekrarlanmas1 Onerilir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Sezeryan dogum, Postpartum sorunlar, Hem irelik

Bu 9ah ma, hem irelik egitim;. uygulamasi ve ara t1rmas111da en 9ok kullamlan Orem'in Gcnel Hem irelik Kuram1 ile ilgilidir. Ara tinna bireylerin iiz-baknn gils:lerini be Ii ricyen Oz-8ak nn Glicii Ol<;egi 'ni Tlirk I iterattirline kazand1rmak amac1 ile ta111mlay1c1 vt ili ki aray1cl olarak planlan1111 tir. iki a amah olarak geryekle tirilen ara t1rman111 ilk bollimlincle, ingilizce olan 6z-Bak1111 GUcli Ol<;egi'nin Tlirk<;e 9evirisinin dil gei;er!igi;ikinci bolilmiinde Tilrk<;e formun giivenirligi ve fakt6r yap1 ges:erligi smanm1 t1r. Toplam 119 iyi ingilizce bilen lise son sm1f 6grencisine, ol9egin hem Tiirk<;e hem de ingilizce metni farkli s1ra ve zamanlarda uygulanm1 t1r. Varyans Analizi, t-testi, Kuder Richardson 20 gilvenirligi. Madde-Toplam Puan Korelasyonu, Pearson Korelasyonu ve Faktiir Analizleri ile inceleme sonucunda, dil farkhhklan a<;:1s111da11 istatistiksel olarak kar 1la t1nlan oli;:eklerin birbirine <;ok benzedigi, yiiksek i9 tutarl1hga sahip oldugu ve dort fakt6rlii i;:ozlimlemeye uygun bir fakt6r yap1s1 giisterdigi bel irienrn i tir.

Bu 9ah rna, hern irelik egitirni, uygularnas1 ve ara tlrmasmda en 9ok kul­ lamlan Orern'in Gene! Hern irelik Kuram1 ile ilgilidir.

Sag1tg1 stinHirn1e ve .saghg1 geli tinne kavra1nlan hastaltklann llnlen1nesi; sa£h­ g1n stirdtiri.ihnesi_ Uz-bak11n ve sagltkh ya a1n bic;i1ni lfadeleri ile ac;1klanabilir. Felsefe­ sinde birey, aile ve toplun1un sag11g1n1 koru1na ve geli tir1ne a1nac1 yatan he1n ireler. sagltk 1nerkezJi hiztneileri sunarken bu kavra1nlan glizOnllnde bulundu1n1.lhdirlar.

Aim: The purpose of this study is to determine the health needs of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using the Problem Classification Scheme (PCS), one of the main components of the Omaha System. The data obtained are expected to guide health programmes focusing on the needs of individuals with ASD. Method: This descriptive study was conducted at a special education implementation centre providing daytime education for individuals with ASD. Data obtained by the institutional nurse during the daily diagnosis and examination procedures of the ambulatory treatment unit in the centre were defined by another researcher according to the PCS forms. Routine health care was provided for all the individuals whose condition was diagnosed. Results: The 10 most frequently documented problems were personal care (83.78%), mental health (62.84%), speech and language (61.49%), social contact (50%), interpersonal relationship (42.57%), cognition (32.43%), income (28.38%), medication regimen (24.32 %), nutrition (22.30%) and neglect (18.92%). Conclusion: The results indicate that it is useful to use the Omaha System in determining the health needs of an individual with autism holistically, and in assessing and evaluating the individual's care, as it provides a standardised language. Impact statements: The Omaha PCS System can be used by nurses in the holistic diagnosis of the health status of individuals with ASD.

Bu makale Tiirkiye artlannda i saghg1 hem ireligi standartlanm belir­ lemek il'in yo! gostericidir. Bu standartlar i saghg1 hem irelerinin uygulama kalite!erini 6!9meyi saglar. Standartlar bq bollimde derlenmi tir: Felsefe ve ilkeler, egitim, roller ve sorumluluklar, profesyonel geli0im ve hizmetlerin degerlendirilmesi. Anahtar Kelimeler: i0 saghg1 hem ireligi, Standartlar

Although screening programs are known and recommended for the early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC), the screening rates for the fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and colonoscopy are very low among adult individuals. Navigation programs, also known as individualized counseling, have recently begun to be used for increasing screening rates. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of the Nurse Navigation Program versus usual care on CRC screening participation and movement in stage of adoption for CRC screening and to examine perceived benefits of and barriers to CRC screening. This study was designed in line with a pre- and posttest two-group methodology. A total of 110 participants (55 nurse-navigated and 55 non-navigated patients) were studied. Data were collected using the following three tools: a sociodemographic information form, the Harvard Colorectal Cancer Risk Assessment Tool, and Instruments to Measure Colorectal Cancer Screening Benefits and Barriers. Following the Nurse Navigation Program, the FOBT (82 and 84%, respectively) and colonoscopy completion rates (15 and 22%, respectively) were significantly higher in the nurse-navigated group than in the non-navigated group at 3 and 6 months follow-up. Following the program, the benefit perceptions of the nurse-navigated group about CRC screening were improved, and their barrier perceptions were reduced. The results showed that the Nurse Navigation Program had significant effects on CRC screening behavior and health-related beliefs concerning CRC screening. Further assessment of the Nurse Navigation Program in different groups should be performed to observe its effects.

Advancements in healthcare systems include adoption of health information technology to ensure healthcare quality. Educators are challenged to determine strategies to integrate health information technology into nursing curricula for building a nursing workforce competent with electronic health records, standardized terminology, evidence-based practice, and evaluation. Nursing informatics, a growing specialty field, comprises health information technology relative to the profession of nursing. It is essential to integrate nursing informatics across nursing curricula to effectively position competent graduates in technology-laden healthcare environments. Nurse scholars developed and evaluated a nursing informatics case study assignment used in undergraduate level public health nursing courses. The assignment included an unfolding scenario followed by electronic health record charting using standardized terminology to guide the nursing process. The assignment was delivered either online or in class. Seventy-two undergraduate students completed the assignment and a posttest. Fifty-one students completed a satisfaction survey. Results indicated that students who completed the assignment online demonstrated a higher level of content mastery than those who completed the assignment in class. Content mastery was based on posttest results, which evaluated students' electronic health record charting for the nursing assessment, evidence-based interventions, and evaluations. This innovative approach may be valuable to educators in response to the National Academy of Sciences recommendations for healthcare education reform.

BACKGROUND:Sleep problems are much more prevalent in nursing home residents than in their community-dwelling counterparts. Cognitive behavioural therapy is likely to improve sleep quality in older adults. However, these interventions have a narrow scope to generalise to nursing home practice, and there are minimal data on the effectiveness of the integration of cognitive behavioural therapy and motivational interviewing in nursing home settings.AIM:The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of a nurse-led sleep programme on the sleep quality and depressive symptomatology in cognitively intact nursing home residents.METHODS:A non-randomised controlled study design was applied to 52 older adults living in three different nursing homes in the same locality. Then, we categorised our study cohort into the following two groups: intervention group in which the older adults received the nurse-led sleep programme and control group in which the older adults received regular nursing home services. One nursing home was assigned to the intervention, and two were assigned to control. The intervention group participated in four weekly 1-hr sessions performed by the first author.RESULTS:Follow-up assessments conducted at 8 and 12 weeks after the intervention ended revealed that participants in the intervention group experienced a significant improvement in some objective sleep parameters, including awakenings, total wake time, wake after sleep onset and sleep efficiency, as well as a significant decrease in depressive symptomatology.CONCLUSION:To summarise, the results of this study showed that the nurse-led sleep programme improved the sleep quality and reduced depressive symptomatology in cognitively intact nursing home residents. In this context, we can assert that interventions for sleep problems should be individualised by addressing sleep experience and sleep management strategies of older adults living in nursing homes and should be integrated with motivational interviewing techniques.