Nanocomposites (NC) of amorphous polycarbonate (PC) and zinc sulfide (ZnS) and cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles (NP) were synthesized. The synthesized CeO2 and ZnS had a nanonature of average particle size 22 and 18 nm, respectively. Samples of the PC/ZnS-CeO2 NC films were irradiated with several gamma doses (10-120 kGy). The resultant outcome of the gamma ray irradiation on the optical behavior of the NC films was studied using UV-vis spectroscopy. Upon raising the dose up to 120 kGy, the direct bandgap decreased from 5.23 to 4.51 eV. The Urbach energy showed an opposite tendency; it increased from 0.38 to 0.92 eV. This can be attributed to the dominance of chain crosslinks. Also, the optical dielectric loss (epsilon") aided in detecting the nature of the microelectronic transitions. It was found that the PC/ZnS-CeO2 NC films had direct allowed transitions. Additionally, the gamma ray induced alterations in the light absorbance, extinction coefficient, refractive index and optical conductivity of the PC/ZnS-CeO2 NC films were studied. Moreover, the optical color changes between the pristine and the irradiated films were determined. The pristine NC film was uncolored. It showed significant color alterations when irradiated with gamma ray doses up to 120 kGy.

Nanocomposites (NC) of amorphous polycarbonate (PC) and cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared. The synthesized CeO2 had a nanonature of average particle size 22 nm, as indicated from their high resolution transmission electron microscopy images (HTEM). Samples of the PC/CeO2 NC films were irradiated with several gamma ray doses (10-80 kGy). The resultant outcome of the gamma irradiation on the optical properties of the NC films was studied using ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV-vis). Upon raising the gamma ray dose up to 80 kGy, the maximum dose used, the direct bandgap decreased from 4.92 to 3.91 eV. The Urbach energy showed an opposite trend; it increased from 0.46 to 0.92 eV. This could be attributed to the domination of chain crosslinks. Also, the optical dielectric loss (epsilon") assisted in identifying the nature of the microelectronic transitions. It was found that the PC/CeO2 NC films had direct allowed transitions. Additionally, the gamma induced changes in the optical conductivity were studied. Moreover, the optical color changes between the pristine and the irradiated films were evaluated. The pristine NC film was uncolored. It showed significant color changes when irradiated with gamma radiation up to 80 kGy. The induced modifications in the optical properties suggest that the gamma radiation is an effective means for modifying the properties that allows the use of PC/CeO2 NC in optoelectronic devices.

The effect of the changes in buffer concentrations or any additives like surfactants in the protein samples during the analysis on the single-biomolecule diffusion is one of the hidden points in the single-molecule time-resolved measurements. In the current work, phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) labeled with Atto-647 has been investigated on the single molecule level while it diffuses in Na 2 CO 3 buffer at concentrations that vary from 10 mg/l up to 50 mg/l. The fluorescence lifetime of PGK labeled with Atto-647 in 50 mg/ml Na 2 CO 3 has been measured, and it was found to be 2.7 ns. The fluorescence cross correlation of the diffused protein has also been measured, which confirms that the used samples are at a single molecule level. Time decay fluorescence anisotropy has been performed for PGK labeled with Atto-647 in different concentrations of Na 2 CO 3 , and the results confirmed that there is a clear impact on the molecular translational and rotational diffusion even with slight changes in the buffer concentration.

Abstract Modified borosilicate glasses (BSG) with the composition [50 B2O3-5 SiO2-15 ZnO-30 CaO] were fabricated with melt quenching technique. Samples were then irradiated with gamma radiation at dose rate of 1.4 kGy/h at a temperature of 30°C. Samples were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX). FTIR and SEM monitored the microstructural changes of BSG samples before and after gamma irradiation with doses of 50, 100 and 200 M rad, with 50 M rad step. Furthermore, to verify the transformation of the glass and the presence of bioactive glass particles in BSG samples, EDX was implemented to detect oxygen peaks, which are the main component of BSG. Later on, the efficacy of gamma-irradiated BSG in Ciprofloxacin drug delivery and cytotoxicity were studied to be dedicated for medical applications.

The main objective of this study was synthesis a composite of porous n-HAp/MWCNTs loaded with ciprofloxacin (CFX) as a local drug delivery during surgical procedures with sustained release behavior in the treatment of bone infection minimizing the risks of systemic toxicity. Ciprofloxacin is used as an antibacterial of the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria that affect the bones. The prepared scaffolds loaded with ciprofloxacin were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Cytotoxicity Testing. The in-vitro release of the drug of such scaffolds was also investigated as well as the study of the Entrapment efficiency of scaffold by using U.V spectroscopy. The cytotoxicity of hydroxyapatite containing MWCNTS applied on normal bone cells for the highest rate of 3 x 10-3 showed the cell viability greater than 90%. The CFX was successfully loaded within such HAp-nano Scaffolds referred to their reasonable encapsulation efficiencies which they revealed. The drug release behavior showed promising sustained prolonged profiles up to 8 days with minimum initial burst effects.