In this commentary paper, we address the issue of programme and module development for the purpose of clarifying training requirements for collective intelligence (CI) and systems thinking (ST) facilitators.

This article presents the results of phase one of the B-CAUSE project, an international project designed to connect equity and quality in higher education. Expert stakeholders worked together using collective intelligence methods to develop a shared understanding of (1) key features of equity-focused quality higher education, (2) barriers to equity-focused quality higher education and (3) options for overcoming these barriers. Results highlight the potential transformative dimension to equity-focused, quality higher education, including responsiveness to students, participatory design, pluralism and openness and the educational imperative to promote equity in practice. The barriers and options generated by experts focused on institutional resources and supports, excellence-equity tensions, systemic norms and pressures, reflective complexity, awareness and empathy and student supports. The collective intelligence of experts provides the basis for ongoing research, strategy and pedagogical or curricular innovation as part of the B-CAUSE project and other international efforts to foster equity-focused, quality higher education.

BACKGROUND:Engaging people in advance care planning is a challenging systemic problem that requires a social innovation approach and a conceptual framework to guide behavioural and social change efforts. AIM:To identify stakeholders' perspectives on barriers to advance care planning engagement, options for overcoming these barriers, and user needs. The findings will inform the design of a health behaviour change intervention for engaging older adults (50+) in advance care planning. DESIGN:To advance co-production and intervention design goals, the study used collective intelligence and scenario-based design methods. METHODS:Following a systematic stakeholder analysis, 22 participants were recruited to three online collective intelligence sessions. The socioecological perspective informed framing of integrated findings and specifying factors at the individual, interpersonal, service, and system levels. RESULTS:Identified barriers (n = 109) were grouped into seven categories: (i) Psychological, (ii) Advance Care Planning Literacy, (iii) Interpersonal and Interprofessional, (iv) Service-Related, (v) Resources and Supports, (vi) Advance Care Planning Process and Methods, (vii) Cultural and Societal. Stakeholders generated 222 options for overcoming these barriers and specified 230 service user needs. The need to change perceptions of advance care planning, increase psychological readiness, and target advance care planning literacy was highlighted (individual-level). Timely, focused, and meaningful interaction between the key ACP actors must be facilitated using creative strategies (interpersonal-level). Need- and value-based services, including high quality resources, support systems, and infrastructure, should be co-designed (service-level). Cultural and societal transformation is required (system-level). CONCLUSION:Findings integration offered insight into the complexity of the design context and problem situation and identified directions for context-specific advance care planning intervention development. The use of design thinking methodologies is recommended for the next phase of complex intervention development. IMPLICATIONS:The study presents a roadmap of actions required from policy-makers, practitioners, and researchers to ensure the design of adequate advance care planning interventions. REPORTING METHOD:Quality of reporting was assured by adherence to Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) guidelines (International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 19, 2007, 349). PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION:Patient and public representatives participated in the collective intelligence sessions. Members of the All Ireland Institute of Hospice and Palliative Care Voices4Care facilitated that process. Findings from the first CI session (involving patients and caregivers) informed the content, format, and methods used in subsequent CI sessions.

Background Engaging stakeholders in ACP is a challenging systemic problem that requires a social innovation approach and a clear conceptual framework guiding behavioural and social change efforts. This study aimed to generate, clarify, and structure stakeholders` perspectives on barriers to ACP engagement, options for overcoming these barriers, and end-user needs. Input from all relevant stakeholders was gathered to inform the design of a digital health behaviour change intervention for engaging older adults (50+) in ACP in Ireland. Methods: To advance co-production and intervention design goals, the current study used stakeholder-engaged collective intelligence and scenario-based design methods. A total of 22 participants were recruited to three collective intelligence sessions. Results: Identified barriers (n=109) were grouped into seven categories; including psychological, resources and supports, ACP process and methods, ACP literacy, interpersonal and inter-professional, cultural and societal and service-related. Stakeholders generated 222 options for overcoming these barriers, including (a) Changing Perceptions of ACP and Increasing Psychological Readiness, (b) Developing High Quality Resources, Support Systems, and Infrastructure, (c) Using Creative Methods and Strategies to Facilitate stakeholders' Engagement in ACP, (d) Increasing ACP Literacy through Education and ACP Campaigns, (e) Facilitating Timely, Focused, and Meaningful Interaction between Stakeholders, (f) Promoting Cultural and Societal Transformation, and (g) Co-designing a Need and Value-based Service. Additionally, four domains of affordances (time, ACP training, conflict, and leadership) were highlighted. Participants identified a total of 230 end-user needs, grouped into five categories: Behavioural; Communication; Awareness, Information, and Knowledge; Decision; and Personal, Interpersonal, and Collaboration. Conclusion: Findings integration offered insight into the complexity of the design context and problem situation in Ireland and highlighted important directions for context-specific ACP intervention development. The use of design thinking methodologies is suggested in the next developmental phase. Implications for practice, policy, and future research are discussed.

Background This paper discusses how collective intelligence (CI) methods can be implemented to improve government data infrastructures, not only to support understanding and primary use of complex national data but also to increase the dissemination and secondary impact of research based on these data. The case study uses the Northern Ireland Longitudinal Study (NILS), a member of the UK family of census/administrative data longitudinal studies (UKLS). Methods A stakeholder-engaged CI approach was applied to inform the transformation of the NILS Research Support Unit (RSU) infrastructure to support researchers in their use of government data, including collaborative decision-making and better dissemination of research outputs. Results We provide an overview of NILS RSU infrastructure design changes that have been implemented to date, focusing on a website redesign to meet user information requirements and the formation of better working partnerships between data users and providers within the Northern Ireland data landscape. We also discuss the key challenges faced by the design team during this project of transformation. Conclusion Our primary objective to improve government data infrastructure and to increase dissemination and the impact of research based on data was a complex and multifaceted challenge due to the number of stakeholders involved and their often conflicting perspectives. Results from this CI approach have been pivotal in highlighting how NILS RSU can work collaboratively with users to maximize the potential of this data, in terms of forming multidisciplinary networks to ensure the research is utilized in policy and in the literature and providing academic support and resources to attract new researchers.

Collective Intelligence (CI) is important for groups that seek to address shared problems. CI in human groups can be mediated by educational technologies. The current paper presents a framework to support design thinking in relation to CI educational technologies. Our framework is grounded in an organismic-contextualist developmental perspective that orients enquiry to the design of increasingly complex and integrated CI systems that support coordinated group problem solving behaviour. We focus on pedagogies and infrastructure and we argue that project-based learning provides a sound basis for CI education, allowing for different forms of CI behaviour to be integrated, including swarm behaviour, stigmergy, and collaborative behaviour. We highlight CI technologies already being used in educational environments while also pointing to opportunities and needs for further creative designs to support the development of CI capabilities across the lifespan. We argue that CI education grounded in dialogue and the application of CI methods across a range of project-based learning challenges can provide a common bridge for diverse transitions into public and private sector jobs and a shared learning experience that supports cooperative public-private partnerships, which can further reinforce advanced human capabilities in system design.

Systems Research and Behavioral ScienceEarly View RESEARCH NOTE Responding to the need for online collective intelligence facilitation: A framework for systems thinking facilitators Michael Hogan, Corresponding Author michael.hogan@nuigalway.ie orcid.org/0000-0001-6227-0530 School of Psychology, NUI, Galway, Ireland Correspondence Michael Hogan, School of Psychology, NUI, Galway, Ireland. Email: michael.hogan@nuigalway.ieSearch for more papers by this authorOwen Harney, School of Psychology, NUI, Galway, IrelandSearch for more papers by this authorRobert Razzante, Hugh Downs School of Human Communication, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USASearch for more papers by this author Michael Hogan, Corresponding Author michael.hogan@nuigalway.ie orcid.org/0000-0001-6227-0530 School of Psychology, NUI, Galway, Ireland Correspondence Michael Hogan, School of Psychology, NUI, Galway, Ireland. Email: michael.hogan@nuigalway.ieSearch for more papers by this authorOwen Harney, School of Psychology, NUI, Galway, IrelandSearch for more papers by this authorRobert Razzante, Hugh Downs School of Human Communication, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USASearch for more papers by this author First published: 05 November 2020 https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.2752Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Early ViewOnline Version of Record before inclusion in an issue RelatedInformation

Objectives eHealth refers to health services and health information delivered or enhanced through the internet and related technologies. The number of eHealth interventions for chronic pain self-management is increasing. However, little evidence has been found for the overall efficacy of these interventions for older adults. The aim of the current study was to use a Collective Intelligence approach to identify the barriers and specific user needs of middle-aged and older adults using eHealth for chronic pain self-management. Methods A Collective Intelligence workshop was conducted with middle-aged and older adults to generate, clarify, select, and structure ideas in relation to barriers to eHealth use and specific design requirements for the purposes of chronic pain self-management. Prior to attending the workshop, participants received a trigger question requesting the identification of five barriers to eHealth use for chronic pain self-management. These barriers were categorised and presented to the group along with barrier-related scenarios and user need prompts, resulting in the generation of a set of ranked barriers and a set of user needs. Results A total of 78 barriers were identified, from which six categories emerged: Content, Support, Technological, Personal, Computer Literacy and Accessibility. Additional idea-writing and group reflection in response to these barriers revealed 97 user needs. Conclusion This is the first study to use Collective Intelligence methods to investigate barriers to eHealth technology use and the specific user needs of middle-aged and older adults in the context of chronic pain self-management. The results of the current study provide a platform for the design and development of enhanced eHealth interventions for this population.

The design of systems to support sustainable wellbeing is contingent upon lifespan education of Homo sapiens and ongoing efforts to cultivate individual and collective intelligence. The Postdigital Applied Systems Science Education (PASSE) framework presented in this paper highlights the need for greater investment in educational infrastructures that support the development of collective intelligence, teamwork, and system design skills. We propose that the implementation of PASSE involves group- and project-based work focused on developing (1) an understanding of systems, (2) an understanding of group dynamics relevant to the management and design of systems, and (3) skill in the application of applied systems science methods that can be used by groups in the management and redesign of systems. To showcase curricular and pedagogical challenges and opportunities, we describe key features of our current delivery of PASSE along with future plans and prospects. Aligned with postdigital perspectives and innovations at the nexus of biology, information, and society, we highlight the potential for ongoing redesign of educational infrastructures and technologies that enhance societal teamwork and system design capabilities that allow us to address increasingly complex societal challenges.

ABSTRACT Human-technology interactions are omnipresent in daily life, a reality that must be faced to enact positive change without uprooting the technological systems that have come to define us. The present study develops a collective intelligence model for human-technology interaction (HTI) design that aims to promote peace, prosperity, and happiness through design intentionality informed by utopian targets of radical improvement in society. Participants generated ideas, clarified and consolidated them, and then developed an interpretive structure model of the most important affordances identified during the idea generation phase. Coupled with a two-pass thematic analysis of the original idea set, what emerged is a model that is informed by stakeholder users of the technologies of tomorrow. Affordance themes centered on the importance of promoting world peace through technological means, identifying and rectifying material and financial inequalities, addressing negative well-being effects in current technologies, and increasing global collaboration and eventual expansion into the cosmos.

Background: Despite representing the highest level of total population mental health burden, young people are the least likely to seek help from mental health services. It has been suggested that service design can influence the likelihood that young people will look for help, but little is known about how young people would like a service to be designed. This study addresses a gap in research regarding how mental health services can be designed to facilitate access for young people. Methods: A collective intelligence, scenario-based design methodology was used to facilitate stakeholders to identify and prioritise ways to improve youth mental health services. In total, 74 15–17-year-olds from three geographically diverse schools in Ireland worked to identify barriers to help-seeking and to generate and prioritise options in response to barriers. Nine practitioners with experience of working in youth mental health services rated all options in terms of both potential impact on help-seeking and feasibility for service implementation. Results: A total of 326 barriers across 15 themes were generated by youth stakeholders, along with 133 options in response to barriers. Through a process of voting, young people identified 30 options as the most impactful for improving access to mental health services. Of these options, 12 were also rated by practitioners as having both high potential impact and high feasibility. These 12 options focused on four areas: making services more familiar and welcoming; providing specialist mental health input in schools; improving parental understanding; and improving the visibility of appropriate supports. Conclusions: The results of the current study inform mental health service innovation and development, in particular, by highlighting potentially impactful and feasible ways to adapt existing mental health services to improve young people’s help-seeking behaviour.

BackgroundA significant proportion of cancer survivors have overweight or obesity. Although this has negative implications for health, weight management is not a standard component of oncology aftercare. Mobile health (mHealth) technology, in combination with behavior change techniques (BCTs), has the potential to support positive lifestyle changes. Few studies have been carried out with cancer survivors; therefore, the acceptability of these tools and techniques requires further investigation. ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to examine the acceptability of a behavior change intervention using mHealth for cancer survivors with a BMI of 25 or more and to gather constructive feedback from participants. MethodsThe intervention consisted of educational sessions and an 8-week physical activity goal setting intervention delivered using mobile technology (ie, Fitbit activity monitor plus SMS contact). In the context of a two-arm randomized controlled trial, semistructured interviews were conducted to assess the retrospective acceptability of the intervention from the perspective of the recipients. The theoretical framework for the acceptability of health care interventions was used to inform a topic guide. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis. A quantitative survey was also conducted to determine the acceptability of the intervention. A total of 13 participants were interviewed, and 36 participants completed the quantitative survey. ResultsThe results strongly support the acceptability of the intervention. The majority of the survey respondents held a positive attitude toward the intervention (35/36, 97%). In qualitative reports, many of the intervention components were enjoyed and the mHealth components (ie, Fitbit and goal setting through text message contact) were rated especially positively. Responses were mixed as to whether the burden of participating in the intervention was high (6/36, 17%) or low (5/36, 14%). Participants perceived the intervention as having high efficacy in improving health and well-being (34/36, 94%). Most respondents said that they understood how the intervention works (35/36, 97%), and qualitative data show that participants’ understanding of the aim of the intervention was broader than weight management and focused more on moving on psychologically from cancer. ConclusionsOn the basis of the coherence of responses with theorized aspects of intervention acceptability, we are confident that this intervention using mHealth and BCTs is acceptable to cancer survivors with obesity or overweight. Participants made several recommendations concerning the additional provision of social support. Future studies are needed to assess the feasibility of delivery in clinical practice and the acceptability of the intervention to those delivering the intervention. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)RR2-10.2196/13214

Background: Population ageing and improvements in healthcare mean the number of people living with two or more chronic conditions, or ‘multimorbidity’, is rapidly increasing. This presents a challenge to current disease-specific care delivery models. Adherence to prescribed medications appears particularly challenging for individuals living with multimorbidity, given the often-complex drug regimens required to treat multiple conditions. Poor adherence is associated with increased mortality, as well as wasted healthcare resources. Supporting medication adherence is a key priority for general practitioners (GPs) and practice nurses as they are responsible for much of the disease counselling and medication prescribing associated with chronic illnesses. Despite this, practical resources and training for health practitioners on how to promote adherence in practice is currently lacking. Informed by the principles of patient and public involvement (PPI), the aim of this research was to develop a patient informed e-learning resource to help GPs and nurses support medication adherence. Method: Utilising collective intelligence (CI) and scenario-based design (SBD) methodology, input was gathered from key stakeholders in medication adherence to gain insights into barriers to supporting people with multimorbidity who are receiving polypharmacy, strategies for overcoming these barriers, and user needs and requirements to inform the design of the e-learning tool. Results: In total, 67 barriers to supporting people who are taking multiple medications were identified across 8 barrier categories. 162 options for overcoming the identified barriers were then generated. This data was used in the design of a flexible e-learning tool for continuous professional development, that has been integrated into general practice and clinical education programmes as a supportive tool. Conclusions: Using CI and SBD methodology was an effective way of facilitating collaboration, idea-generation, and the co-creation of design solutions amongst a diverse group of stakeholders. This approach could be usefully applied to address other complex healthcare-related challenges.

Personalised nutrition (PN) products and services have the potential to enhance the health and quality of life of older adults. However, PN innovation is challenging and requires specific competencies and supportive collaborations. This paper reports findings from a Collective Intelligence Scenario-Based Design session conducted with PN experts as part of the Horizon 2020 project INCluSilver, which aims to support the development of products, services, and systems that improve the health and quality of life of older adults through innovation in PN. Experts identified challenges to the design of PN products and services and barriers that small and medium enterprises (SMEs) face when innovating PN products and services for older adults. Options to address these barriers were generated and specific SME competencies supporting PN innovation were identified. This study provides a useful framework for understanding the challenges, opportunities, and key competencies needed to innovate PN products and services for older adults.

Systems Research and Behavioral ScienceVolume 38, Issue 4 p. 572-576 RESEARCH NOTE A group dynamics framework for 21st century collective intelligence facilitators Michael Hogan, Corresponding Author Michael Hogan michael.hogan@nuigalway.ie orcid.org/0000-0001-6227-0530 Correspondence Michael Hogan, Email: michael.hogan@nuigalway.ieSearch for more papers by this authorOwen Harney, Owen HarneySearch for more papers by this authorMike Moroney, Mike MoroneySearch for more papers by this authorMichelle Hanlon, Michelle HanlonSearch for more papers by this authorSu-Ming Khoo, Su-Ming KhooSearch for more papers by this authorTony Hall, Tony HallSearch for more papers by this authorMonika Pilch, Monika PilchSearch for more papers by this authorBianca Pereira, Bianca PereiraSearch for more papers by this authorEric Van Lente, Eric Van LenteSearch for more papers by this authorVictoria Hogan, Victoria HoganSearch for more papers by this authorJohn O'Reilly, John O'ReillySearch for more papers by this authorJenny Groarke, Jenny GroarkeSearch for more papers by this authorRobert Razzante, Robert RazzanteSearch for more papers by this authorHannah Durand, Hannah Durand orcid.org/0000-0002-8761-0519 Search for more papers by this authorBenjamin Broome, Benjamin BroomeSearch for more papers by this author Michael Hogan, Corresponding Author Michael Hogan michael.hogan@nuigalway.ie orcid.org/0000-0001-6227-0530 Correspondence Michael Hogan, Email: michael.hogan@nuigalway.ieSearch for more papers by this authorOwen Harney, Owen HarneySearch for more papers by this authorMike Moroney, Mike MoroneySearch for more papers by this authorMichelle Hanlon, Michelle HanlonSearch for more papers by this authorSu-Ming Khoo, Su-Ming KhooSearch for more papers by this authorTony Hall, Tony HallSearch for more papers by this authorMonika Pilch, Monika PilchSearch for more papers by this authorBianca Pereira, Bianca PereiraSearch for more papers by this authorEric Van Lente, Eric Van LenteSearch for more papers by this authorVictoria Hogan, Victoria HoganSearch for more papers by this authorJohn O'Reilly, John O'ReillySearch for more papers by this authorJenny Groarke, Jenny GroarkeSearch for more papers by this authorRobert Razzante, Robert RazzanteSearch for more papers by this authorHannah Durand, Hannah Durand orcid.org/0000-0002-8761-0519 Search for more papers by this authorBenjamin Broome, Benjamin BroomeSearch for more papers by this author First published: 25 April 2020 https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.2688Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Volume38, Issue4July/August 2021Pages 572-576 RelatedInformation

BACKGROUND:Cancer survivorship in Ireland is increasing in both frequency and longevity. However, a significant proportion of cancer survivors are overweight. This has negative implications for long-term health outcomes, including increased risk of subsequent and secondary cancers. There is a need to identify interventions, which can improve physical and psychological outcomes that are practical in modern oncology care. Mobile health (mHealth) interventions demonstrate potential for positive health behavior change, but there is little evidence for the efficacy of mobile technology to improve health outcomes in cancer survivors.OBJECTIVE:This study aims to investigate whether a personalized mHealth self-management lifestyle program is acceptable to participants and can improve physical and psychological outcomes of a subgroup of cancer survivors with increased health risks related to lifestyle behaviors.METHODS:A sample of 123 cancer survivors (body mass index >25 kg/m2) was randomly assigned to the control (n=61) or intervention (n=62) group. The intervention group attended a 4-hour tailored lifestyle information session with a physiotherapist, dietician, and clinical psychologist to support self-management of health behavior. Over the following 12 weeks, participants engaged in personalized goal setting to incrementally increase physical activity (with feedback and review of goals through short message service text messaging contact). Objective measures of health behavior (ie, physical activity) were collected using Fitbit (Fitbit, Inc). Data on anthropometric, physiological, dietary behavior, and psychological measures were collected at baseline (T0), 12 weeks (T1; intervention end), and 24 weeks (T2; follow-up). Semistructured interviews were conducted to explore the retrospective acceptability of the Moving On program from the perspective of the recipients.RESULTS:This paper details the protocol for the Moving On study. The project was funded in August 2017. Enrolment started in December 2017. Data collection completed in September 2018. Data analysis is underway, and results are expected in winter 2019.CONCLUSIONS:The results of this study will determine the efficacy and acceptability of an mHealth intervention using behavior change techniques to promote health behaviors that support physical health and well-being in cancer survivors and will therefore have implications for health care providers, patients, health psychologists, and technologists.INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID):DERR1-10.2196/13214.

Background Cancer survivorship is increasing yet cancer treatment can cause de-conditioning and reduce physical capacity. Consequently there is a need to identify interventions which can improve health. This study investigated the impact of a personalised self-management programme on the physical and psychological health of cancer survivors with lifestyle related health risks. Methods For the purpose of this research the Moving on Programme was developed which is an intervention for cancer survivors to self-manage lifestyle. A randomised control pilot trial was conducted on 123 cancer survivors with a BMI > 25. Participants were randomly assigned to the control (n = 61) or intervention (n = 62) groups. The intervention group attended the Moving on Programme and engaged in personalised goal-setting to incrementally increase physical activity and made dietary changes. Participants in the control group received only brief standard advice. Objective measures of health behaviour were collected via Fitbit. Data on anthropometric, physiological, dietary behaviour and psychological measures were collected on all participants at baseline, three and six months. A sample of participants were interviewed (n = 13) to examine acceptability of the intervention. Results Overall, the results demonstrate a positive effect of the Moving on Programme. There was a significant reduction in BMI observed within the intervention group (p = 0.05) in the first three months. Positive participant outcomes also included improvement in physical and psychological wellbeing, and social functioning with reduced fatigue. Qualitative data demonstrated the acceptability of the intervention and participants identified that the Moving on Programme fulfils a deficit that exists in cancer survivorship and rehabilitation. Conclusions The Moving on Programme designed for this study, demonstrated physical and psychological benefits to participants. The use of behaviour change techniques and mobile technology was used effectively as an acceptable intervention that supports weight loss, promotes healthier behaviours and improves wellbeing in cancer survivors. Clinical trial identification ISRCTN18676721 https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN18676721. Legal entity responsible for the study The authors. Funding Irish Cancer Society. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

Systems‐based approaches to societal problem‐solving entail a capacity to synthesise our knowledge and skills such that we can resolve shared problems. However, the increasing range of knowledge specialisms, scientific and engineering methods, and skill profiles at the population‐level challenges solidarity. It is also difficult to identify unifying goals and establish sustainable educational infrastructures that support transdisciplinary teamwork. Drawing upon the collective intelligence of a multidisciplinary group, this paper highlights challenges to integrating content expertise and methodological expertise in team‐based efforts to address complex social issues. Challenges identified include the following: stakeholder participation, heterogeneity and conflict, supporting effective group dynamics, defining goals, planning and resourcing, resistance and fears amongst group members, and the absence of effective teamwork methodologies. A systems model developed by the group helped to clarify interdependencies between challenges. We conclude by highlighting the need to develop societal infrastructures supporting our capacity for teamwork into the future. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Although open data of Public Administrations may enable nominal transparency for citizens (opening-up of data sets), achieving effective transparency requires meaning-making in dialogue. We describe an approach to analysing such dialogues based on Dialogue Game theory, applied to interaction corpora produced using SPOD (Social Platform for Open Data) developed within the ROUTE-TO-PA project. Users were able to engage in meaning-making dialogue games on/around open data visualisations.