A 54-year-old man, 15 months after allogenic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for myelodysplasia, developed continuous right foot involuntary twitching. The EEG was suggestive of epilepsia partialis continua (EPC) (figure 1). Brain MRI showed increased signal in the left rolandic white matter (figure 2). Blood assessment found 3,400 leukocytes, 500 lymphocytes, and CSF PCR JC virus was positive (250 copies/mL) with normal cyto-biochemical assessment. This case fits diagnostic criteria of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML).1 PML is exceptionally revealed by EPC2 and constitutes a rare complication of ASCT.

Background. - Somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) are increasingly performed for the assessment of peripheral neuropathies, but no practical guidelines have yet been established in this specific application.Study aim. - To determine the relevant indication criteria and optimal technical parameters for SSEP recording in peripheral neuropathy investigation.Methods. - A survey was conducted among the French-speaking practitioners with experience of SSEP recording in the context of peripheral neuropathies. The results of the survey were analyzed and discussed to provide recommendations for practice.Results. - SSEPs appear to be a second-line test when electroneuromyographic investigation is not sufficiently conclusive, providing complementary and valuable information on central and proximal peripheral conduction in the somatosensory pathways.Conclusions. - Guidelines for a standardized recording protocol, including the various parameters to be measured, are proposed. Clinical relevance. We hope that these proposals will help to recognize the value of this technique in peripheral neuropathy assessment in clinical practice. (C) 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Haintestinum amplum n. g., n. sp. is described from the scrawled cowfish, Acanthostracion quadricornis, collected in the Eastern Gulf of Mexico off Florida, USA. The new species is relatively large and shares characters of the Apocreadiidae and Megaperidae but conforms to the diagnosis of neither. It belongs in a new genus possessing a pharynx with lobed anterior margin and intestine terminating in paired ani, like in megaperids, and, when compared with apocreadiids, it shares important anatomical features, including an I-shaped excretory vesicle, canicular seminal vesicle, eye-spot remnants, and pretesticular uterus and lacks a cirrus and cirrus sac. The H-shaped intestine and large funnel-shaped oral sucker without a U-shaped sphincter encircling half the anterior aperture are the most notable diagnostic characters of the new monotypic genus. Additionally, the phylogenetic position of the Megaperidae is investigated for the first time, using analysis of partial 28S rDNA gene sequences from H. amplum, two species in the Megapera, Thysanopharynx elongatus, and previously published 28S sequences of species from members of the Apocreadiata, Haploporoidae, Lepocreadiata, and Opisthorchiata. The resulting analysis demonstrated a close relationship among the new genus and the three species of megaperids, and the megaperids were most closely allied with Schistorchis zancli of the apocreadiids. Moreover, we now consider Megaperidae as the subfamily Megaperinae within the Apocreadiidae.

A 33 year-old-man with paresthesia in first three fingers of the right hand after minor trauma of the arm was examined electrophysiologically. The proximal sensory median neuropathy was isolated which it is unusual in traumatic lesion. Motor and distal sensory conduction studies were normal but sensory evoked potentials (SEPs) were abnormal by right median nerve stimulation at the wrist level with decrease in amplitude of peripheral potential at the Erb's point, the cervical and contralateral parietal levels. This pattern, preserved distal sensory action potential and abnormal peripheral SEPs were suggesting the presence of proximal sensory block conduction without wallerian degeneration. The recovery was complete and fast in correlation with the absence of axonopathy.