Always detecting, everywhere-working maintenance-free (i.e. universal) sensing devices are very important assets. In this paper, we are proposing such a universal sensing concept and present an idea of a corresponding sensor that may work 24 h a day irrespective of its location, and is capable to operate regardless of the work environment. Our innovative approach uses the Coriolis force (fictitious force due to movement in a rotational system) that acts on all moving objects and thus is almost omnipresent on Earth. The Coriolis force is generally associated with macro phenomena, such as hurricanes, water whirls, etc. In this paper the deflection of charged particles driven by the Coriolis force is studied by means of analytical calculations and numerical modelling. This deflection leads to a potential difference that is the heart of electromotive force and can thus be used for applications such as position monitoring, geographical location and maybe others to be proposed. Connecting sensors in parallel or series matrices to boost the output signal is described and studied. The output signal amplitude generated by different charged particles (electron, uranium and proton) is compared. Sensor performance is compared for different applications terrestrial, solar system planets, and for rotating machines. Numerical and analytical study confirms that this sensing idea may initiate a new type of satellite-independent position sensors.

None of the commonly used E nergy H arvesters ( EH ) has the quality to be an always delivering and omnipresent, i.e. an universal energy source. In this paper we are proposing such the universal energy source and present an idea of corresponding energy harvester that may harvest energy 24 hours a day irrespective of its localization. Our innovative approach uses the Coriolis force (fictitious force due to movement in a rotational system) that acts on all moving objects and thus is omnipresent on Earth (except poles). The Coriolis force is generally associated with macro phenomena like hurricanes, water whirls, etc. In this paper an unprecedented and innovative idea to use the Coriolis force to deflect charged particles is studied. This deflection leads to building up a potential difference that is heart of an electromotive force and can thus be used for energy harvesting or sensing applications.

Traditionally, video adaptive algorithms aim to select the representation that better fits to the current download rate. In recent years, a number of new approaches appeared that take into account the buffer occupancy and the probability of video rebuffering as important indicators of the representation to be selected. We propose an optimization of the existing algorithm based on rebuffering probability and argue that the algorithm should avoid the situations when the client buffer is full and the download is stopped, since these situations decrease the efficiency of the algorithm. Reducing full buffer states does not increase the rebuffering probability thanks to a clever management of the client buffer, which analyses the buffer occupancy and downloads higher bitrate representations only in the case of high buffer occupancy.

Motivation: The dynamic development of telecommunication technology and linked with it social change, created new conditions for economy functioning. They are related with change in the state role and its regulation ability. Digital economy is a global phenomenon that is regulated locally. From the point of view of economic sciences, understanding the currently existing principles of its functioning, both in the context of opportunities as well as threats, is the basis for effective research and modelling. This gives an opportunity for verify previous economic theories under new circumstances. This is a starting point for research on the new economic reality. Aim: The aim of this article is to review theories of digital economy regulation as well as the existing solutions to the problem of regulation of this global phenomenon. Based on the collected material, an attempt was made to identify the direction of digital economy development and the possibility of its regulation. Results: Currently existing solutions in terms of digital economy regulation may be considered as insufficient. Based on the Bitcoin case, it can be stated that the global approach to the digital economy is inconsistent. In general, there is also lack of coherent approach to the regulation of new economic phenomena. Considering the dynamic technology development and the high probability of further market innovations, it seems necessary to search for flexible solutions and theories specific to digital economy.

The paper provides a novel solution to implement the IPv6 QoS system as one of Parallel Internets. This approach exploits both an IP protocol and a virtualization technology. Therefore, the proposed IPv6 QoS system is an evolutionary approach for Future Internet. Also, an important advantage of the proposal is that virtual nodes of the IPv6 QoS network operate on separated control and data planes. Such a way of the implementation allows to develop the system with flexible routing and virtual network management.

Currently exploited adaptive video streaming algorithms mainly focus on maximizing video representation while they usually not assess the risk of video freezing and not care about the influence of video representation switching. We propose a new Adaptation & Buffer Management Algorithm, called ABMA+, which selects video representation based on the predicted probability of video freezing. The algorithm continuously estimates segment download time characteristics and use the pre-computed playout buffer map to select the maximum video representation which guarantee smooth content playout. Our algorithm, thanks to the buffer map, avoids heavy online computation so it could be widely deployed on different terminals. The performed simulation and trial experiments confirm the efficiency of our approach.

New trends of the future Internet aim to overcome the best effort service and offer guaranteed service to the users. Guarantees should be acquired not only at the network level but also at higher layers in order to deliver the best quality of experience. This paper presents a new approach for HTTP-compliant adaptive applications. This solution fulfills the guarantees of maximum rebuffering probability even in highly variable environments as the future Internet seems to be. Guaranteed low rebuffering improves visibly the user's quality of experience during multimedia events. The tests performed confirmed that, unlike rate-based adaptation algorithms, our solution ensures maximum rebuffering and it decisively reduces rate switches in comparison with buffer-based adaptation algorithms.

Przedstawiono infrastrukture sieci badawczej PL-LAB2020. Zaprezentowano 7 laboratoriow badawczych PL-LAB umozliwiających prowadzenie badan w glownych ich obszarach zdefiniowanych dla programu Horyzont 2020. Przedstawiono szczegoly struktury operacyjnej PL-LAB2020 lączącej zasoby poszczegolnych laboratoriow zlokalizowane w 6 ośrodkach naukowo-badawczych w jedno rozproszone środowisko badawcze. Ostatecznie pokazano, jak infrastruktura PL-LAB2020 zostala polączona z innymi sieciami badawczymi w Europie.

Most of the current adaptation algorithms assess download rate, or trace playout buffer occupancy to adapt video representation. We propose a novel approach for switching video representation based on the estimated probability of video rebuffering. This probability is calculated using an analytical model of playout buffer and measured segment download time characteristics. The results of simulation experiments and prototype trials, carried out in a controlled network environment and over the Internet, show that our method efficiently accommodates changing network conditions.

Mobile Cloud Networks group together mobile users and clouds containing content servers. Hence, they are an ideal framework for media content delivery. Streamswitching adaptive video players cope well with some limitations of Mobile Cloud Networks as low bandwidth and bandwidth variability in access network. Nonetheless, other limitations, as cloud congestion, are difficult to be managed by the video players. This paper presents a system for discovering fault situations at the cloud (e.g., cloud congestion) and notifying to the video player, which will take appropriate actions for saving the quality of media transmission. In proposed implementation the video application is DASH-capable and adaptation action may be both stream rate adaptation and content server adaptation. The communication between client and server uses “bidirectional” communication feature of HTTP/2 thanks to the new deployed modules running DASH over HTTP/2 in both client’s and server’s applications.

The paper proposes a novel flexible packet forwarding (FPF) method designed for Future Internet networks. It follows the source routing principle at an inter-domain level and applies the list of domain customized identifiers to forward packets on the end-to-end path. The main features are capability to introduce flexible routing path selection, native support for multipath and multicast packet transfer, ability for exploitation of advanced in-network packet processing as, e.g., content recoding and caching. The performance and scalability of FPF approach were evaluated by experimentation on developed prototype as well as by scalability studies assuming Internet-scale network scenario.

This paper presents the Content Aware Network designed as one of the Parallel Internets developed on Virtual Infrastructure. The CAN is a post-IP network designed to facilitate access to multimedia content in large scale environment. We introduce the proposed CAN network architecture and discuss mechanisms and algorithms required to assure ubiquitous content access and efficient content delivery. In particular, we propose new content naming and resolution schemes, an effective content source selection algorithm, which optimize resource utilization and the flexible content delivery method. Moreover, we present developed prototype and numerical results illustrating effectiveness of proposed CAN delivery method.

W artykule przedstawiono aspekty związane z implementacją wezlow Rownoleglego Internetu (RI) IPv6 QoS na platformach umozliwiających wirtualizacje. RI IPv6 QoS jest oparty na architekturze DiffServ i NGN. W sieci IP wyrozniamy wezly brzegowe oraz szkieletowe, ktore wyposazone są w mechanizmy Quality of Service (QoS) wspierające gwarancje QoS dla przekazu pakietow w sieci. Implementacja wezlow IPv6 QoS w środowisku umozliwiającym wirtualizacje cechuje sie rowniez rozdzieleniem warstwy przekazu danych od warstwy sterowania. Artykul skupiono sie na tych dwoch aspektach, czyli implementacji warstwy przekazu i sterowania w środowisku wirtualnym.

In this paper we present three virtualization devices (Xen server, NetFPGA and EZ appliance) which have been used for implementation of data plane functionality in a Future Internet architecture, the IIP System. We give general description of these devices and present implementation of the IIP System node on each device.

Replacing the IPv4 protocol with IPv6 on the Internet is currently one of the aims of the European Union policy. The main reason for this replacement is the effeteness of the addresses pool in the IPv4 protocol, which can cause serious complications in the evolution of the Internet and its adaptation in new areas, e.g., in next generation mobile telephony or the so called Internet of Things. Simultaneously, the addressing capabilities of the IPv6 protocol are practically unlimited and its new functionalities increase the attractiveness of its usage. The article discusses the problems connected with the IPv6 deployment on the Internet. Especially, the rules for realization of the IPv6 deployment and rules for cooperation of IPv4 with IPv6 (including cooperation tests) in network infrastructure and in applications are presented. Moreover, the European projects’ results and the activity’s directions of the national project Future Internet Engineering are discussed.