The need for pharmaceuticals for their use as medicines is rapidly increasing. Consequently, the pharmaceutical industries are springing up quickly to meet the demand. There are many factors that contribute to the production of increasingly inventive pharmaceuticals, including the continual progress of medicinal science, improvements in research and development, and large investments in healthcare. However, the widespread use of pharmaceuticals and their improper release into bodies of water have badly contaminated the water resources and consequently adversely affected the marine life. This is due to the high persistence of several pharmaceuticals and their metabolites, which prevent their breakdown for long time in the aquatic environments. The most common growing pharmaceutical contaminants are analgesics, β-blockers, lipid-lowering pharmaceuticals, antiepileptics, anti-inflammatories, and antibiotics. As a result, the degradation of emerging pharmaceutical pollutants in wastewater is one of the current major global concerns in order to meet the demand for safe water and safeguard aquatic life. Many techniques have been developed recently for pharmaceutical pollutants removal, but at the present time, the photocatalysis approach is the most efficient for eradicating newly emerging pharmaceutical contaminants. It is because the photocatalysis approach has various advantages such as the higher catalytic efficiencies, rapid reaction, no secondary hazardous products, low cost, reusable, complete degradation, and use of sustainable solar energy to trigger catalyst for pharmaceuticals eradication. Various visible light–driven photocatalysts for pharmaceutical pollutants degradation are explored in this chapter along with degradation reaction mechanisms and adverse effects of these pollutants.