Thailand has encountered severe environmental issues including pollution, which have emanated in the form of environmental crime cases. The lack of forensic science expertise further worsens this condition. This research aimed at framing guidelines for the development of forensic science process to assist in environmental crime investigation in Thailand. By using a qualitative research design, data was collected from in-depth interviews with 49 key informants, who were all executive officers, judges, public prosecutors and academics involved in environmental crime investigations. The results revealed that forensic science process in environmental crime investigation in Thailand must develop human resource, relevant agency of environmental crime investigation, cooperation, modern equipment and technology. The study also suggested that it must build a knowledge base and a standardized forensic science manual to prescribe operating procedure for officers. This manual should be adhered to by all relevant agency to perform their duties toward collecting, preserving, analyzing, and investigation of environmental crime in a uniform manner.

This research aims to explore current welfare-related problems and propose a guideline for whole system management of police welfare. Qualitative research was employed by in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. In-depth interviews were conducted with 25 police officers and 68 participants were carried out by focus group discussion. It was found that police officers had encountered welfare-related issues in three phases of their time in the police service. When police initially joined the career, the problem could be such as a lack of accommodations, police personal protective equipment and assertion to the right of occupation despite being transferred to work at another place. The second phase was welfare-related issues during their time in the police service. Most police officers had faced the problems related to quality-of-life improvement and work efficiency enhancement. The last phase was involved in welfare benefits after deaths, injuries, or retirement. According to a guideline for whole system management of police welfare, the ‘Tree of Welfare’ model has stemmed from research findings and recommendations on the patterns of effective police welfare management.

This research aimed to explore the police operations enacted in relation to the prosecution of children in Thailand, utilizing both quantitative (through a questionnaire completed by 325 respondents) and qualitative (through in-depth interviews conducted with 20 respondents). The sample constituted police officers, judges, public prosecutors and psychologists/social workers with experience in the prosecution of children. The research findings revealed that police officers in Thailand lacked knowledge and experience in relation to the prosecution of children, with regards to the pertinent legal provisions as well as prosecution principles which existed in this region. Furthermore, a standard operating procedure and a set of prosecution guidelines were also not being followed by the Thai police officers. These initiatives, if taken, would improve the capabilities of Thai police officers. Additionally, the current research also provided a model of standards for law enforcement entities to follow in the prosecution of children and juveniles in Thailand.

This research aimed to study legal problems of gun control according to the Firearms, Ammunition, Explosives, Fireworks and Imitation of Firearms Act, B.E. 2490, and to study problems of control of possession, use, and sale of homemade gun in order to suggest guidelines to effectively control possession, use and sale. This qualitative research used semi-structured interviews with 31 key informants including police officers, government officers under the Ministry of Interior, and people who possess guns. The research revealed that homemade gun is unable to apply for registration due to legal issues of gun control. Furthermore, the Firearms, Ammunition, Explosives, Fireworks and Imitation of Firearms Act, B.E. 2490 (1947) was vague and its penalties were inappropriate and inconsistent with the current situation. In addition, globalization also contributed to the proliferation of homemade gun. The effective solution for gun control was to bring unregistered guns such as homemade gun into the legal system and to improve provisions and penalties under the Firearms, Ammunition, Explosives, Fireworks and Imitation of Firearms Act, B.E. 2490 (1947) to be appropriate.

During the pandemic, Thai authorities reported large quantities of drug trafficking from Thailand to various countries by evading detection mechanisms of drug enforcement officers. This research aimed to identify the patterns of amphetamine and methamphetamine trafficking witnessed during the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand and provide suggestions as to how Thailand can enhance its suppression of such activities. The research was produced through the conduct of 30 in-depth interviews with key informants, who comprised of narcotics officials, policy-makers, senior directors of the Thai Narcotics Control Board, scholars, experts and individuals having direct experience of drug addicts and former prisoners. The sample was selected through purposive sampling and snowballing technique with the aim to understand the novel and adaptive methods being used by cross-border drug traffickers to evade detection. The results revealed that the drug traffickers took advantage of the temporary respite from scrutiny given by the Thai Government and its various agencies to cope up with the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, the new normal emerging out of the pandemic was seen to have expanded the drug trafficking networks and operation in Thailand. The study's recommendations include establishing a central repository of intelligence, increasing legal capability through new regulations, developing professional skills of law enforcement entities, developing a greater knowledge about trafficking structures and trafficking operations, and consolidating postal and communication and public transportation services to detect the drug trafficking more efficiently.

Bangkok is reported to have the worst traffic in the world, a situation that has a detrimental effect on the economic, social and financial development of the city. This mixed-methods study of the enforcement of Thailand’s Road Traffic Act, B.E. 2522 (1979) surveyed drivers in Bangkok and interviewed police traffic officers. The results reveal negative perceptions of drivers towards traffic police officers, poor law enforcement and disparity in policing practice. They also show that drivers lack road discipline and do not fear the consequence of any wrongdoing because they perceive that the Act merely prescribes petty offences and traffic police officers only impose light punishments. To support the cultural changes necessary to alter these perceptions, and enhance the economic and social development of the city, a range of strategies will be necessary, including training and development among drivers and law enforcement officers and strengthened legal provisions.

This research aimed to study problems of cybercrime investigation of law enforcement officers in order to suggest model management of cybercrime investigation in fraudulent cases. This research was qualitative research by conducting in-depth interviews with 30 key informants. Research instruments were in-depth interviews and data analysis by content analysis. The research revealed that problems of cybercrime investigation were caused by law enforcement agencies and officers. The agencies that were in charge of suppression of cybercrime lacked forces, technologies, and maintenances and had no preparedness when compared to workloads. Besides, there were problems of distributing duties within the agency and also a lack of cooperation from technology service providers. The model management of cybercrime investigation in fraudulent cases comprised inquiring and explaining information before receiving a report, investigating officers gathering information, inquiring of victims about information supporting the investigation, recovering social media account, identifying criminals, and gathering acquired information to submit a request for information from service providers.

This qualitative research studied the patterns, causes, and conditions of the violence witnessed among female secondary school students in Bangkok, Thailand. Further to this, guidelines have been produced to prevent/solve violence among this demographic. Data was collected through in-depth interviews conducted with: (1) 21 female secondary school students, 1-3 of whom had been involved in violence; (2) 10 teachers with at least 5 years of experience in teaching and solving violence in the female secondary school context; and (3) 8 policymaking experts involved in preventing violence among female secondary school students. The results of the study illustrate that violence among female secondary school students in Bangkok manifests in patterns wherein: 1) the consequences result in physical damage, injury, and mental pain and negative feelings; and 2) victims experience violence directly through social media and the destruction of their personal belongings. In response to such occurrences of violence, policymaking institutions, schools, and teachers must give efforts towards implementing operations designed to reduce and eliminate violent incidences by emphasizing: (1) the development of thinking processes, behavioral control, and emotional regulation among children and young people; (2) the reinforcement of appropriate bystander behavior and environmental contexts which encourage children and young people to physically and mentally grow and thereby assume resilience; and (3) the creation of a non-violent community while monitoring and helping children and young people to have a safe and happy family life as well as the ability to suitably adapt in social context and environment.

The objectives of this research were to understand how to create a paradigm shift in the thinking of Thai juvenile recidivists by focusing them on valuing life in the past and improving their perspective on the meaning of hope and life in the present. In order to create a paradigm shift in recidivism researchers looked at recognition for the value of life. The main focus of the research was whether Juvenile recidivists become good persons in society after their participation in the behavior and attitude adjustment activity. Researchers studied 258 children and juveniles in Juvenile Vocational Training Centers using quantitative and qualitative research approaches. The qualitative method was conducted by employing in-depth interviewing and a focus group to look at 43 juveniles and officers in different Juvenile Vocational Training Centers. The results of the research indicate that juvenile recidivists have a negative attitude due to their life failures, but can also have a positive attitude when they succeed in achieving something. Furthermore, the results illustrate that juvenile recidivists are highly aware of life, regarding their capacity, competence, self-importance, life achievement, and selfesteem after they have received training from the Juvenile Vocational Training Centers. In addition, the assessment carried out on mental paradigm, mindset, and social interaction resulted in the highest levels of performance. Future life expectations for the children and juveniles were looked at under three purposes of planning: 1) education 2) employment and 3) self-employment. To create the paradigm shift we first need to understand that children and juveniles are primarily influenced by social interaction and it is this which can then lead to a change in their mindset. Significant factors that would affect this paradigm shift are age, training period, life value recognition, rehabilitation activities, and practical professional training, respectively. In addition, the activities that are best suited to boosting a positive attitude in children and juveniles are music, sport, and art. These activities encourage morale improvement, motivation, and the potential for development with understanding, empathy, and familiarity with the officers in Juvenile Vocational Training Centers.