The purpose of this study was to investigate the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection rate in malignant and benign breast tumours in north-west Chinese patients. Unselected fresh tissue samples were extracted from 48 invasive breast carcinoma and 30 benign breast tumours between August 2009 and August 2010. We used real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (FQ-PCR) and in situ hybridization to detect HPV 6, 11 and 16, 18 sequences targeting the E6, E7 open-reading frame. The presence of HPV 6, 11 was only demonstrated in the 3 (10%) benign phyllodes tumour specimens. No HPV infection was detected in all the 48 invasive breast carcinoma. Specifically, all the positive specimens were detected by in situ hybridization but not in FQ-PCR. In addition, we found that the positive specimens became negative after 3 months frozen at −70°C. HPV was absent in patients with breast tumours in north-west China.

Since 2007,our research group have started to do some researches about human papillomavirus (HPV) and breast cancer.Recently,some studies about the relationship between HPV and human cancer were published on the world's most famous journals,"Lancet","N Engl J Med" and "CA Cancer J Clin".We read two articles of them on "CA Cancer J Clin" and wrote two letters to the authors to propose some questions and opinions.The letters were finally published on "CA Cancer J Clin" on May 6 and 24,2010.In the meantime,we corresponded with Zur Hausen H,the Nobel Prize winner of 2008,for discussing the relationship between HPV and breast cancer.Our creative ideas immediately attracted the interests of the researchers in the field.

目的:探讨女性乳腺癌患者人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV16、HPV18)检测的临床价值。方法:选择我国西北地区经病理检查确诊的乳腺癌80例为观察组,乳腺良性疾病80例为对照组,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术(FQ-PCR)及透射电镜技术检测两组病例组织中HPV16、HPV18感染情况。结果:采用FQ-PCR及透射电镜技术两组病变组织中均未检测出HPV16、HPV18。结论:在我国西北地区,HPV16、HPV18与女性乳腺癌的发生、发展并无直接确切的关系。

人乳头状瘤病毒(Human Papillomavirus,HPV)感染与宫颈癌发生和发展相关的研究源于30多年前,今天,科学界已经发现和证实了HPV感染是99％以上的宫颈癌病原体[1].HPV通过破坏宿主细胞蛋白质调控及引起染色体组不稳定,引发细胞基因突变,随着时间的推移累积进而发展成为癌症,对这个过程的认识和研究奠定了我们理解其他许多人类肿瘤发展的理论基础[2]。

目的:从噬菌体单链抗体库筛选特异性的抗人表皮生长因子(hEGF)抗体并进行活性鉴定.方法:以hEGF为抗原,对所建抗体库进行3轮"吸附-洗脱-扩增"的亲和筛选.将筛选后的单链抗体(scFv)通过ELISA和基因测序分析等方法进行鉴定;利用MTT法在体外培养的人乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7/Her-2+中检测抗体的生物结合活性.结果:在亲和筛选过程中,乳腺癌噬菌体scFv得到富集,收获率逐轮得到提高,3轮筛选之后,得到了3株高亲和力的抗hEGF抗体;ELISA检测筛选出的3种有较高活性;测序结果与人hEGF抗体基因序列高度一致;该抗体对MCF-7/Her2+乳腺癌细胞系有特异性杀伤作用.结论:成功地筛选到特异性抗hEGF的scFv抗体,为今后的研究和应用提供依据.

0 引言乳腺癌是女性高发肿瘤,据WHO统计,全球每年120万妇女患乳腺癌,50万妇女死于乳腺癌,乳腺癌的发生在我国呈明显上升趋势.关于乳腺癌的发病原因,用遗传因素及基因易感性固然有一定说服力,但只能解释约5%的病例,外界的环境因素在乳腺癌的发生发展中一定起着至关重要的作用.

目的:探讨乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗前后血清CA15-3、 CA125和CEA水平的变化.方法:应用化学发光免疫分析法(CLIA)检测60例乳腺癌(Ⅰ期30例, II-IV期各10例)患者新辅助化疗前后血清CA15-3、 CA125和CEA表达水平, 并与60例非肿瘤患者作比较.结果:乳腺癌患者化疗前血清CA15-3、 CA125和CEA含量显著高于非肿瘤患者组(P<0.01);三者联合检测较单一检测阳性率明显增高.Ⅰ+Ⅱ期患者行新辅助化疗3个疗程后CA15-3、 CA125和CEA水平显著下降(P<0.05), 与非肿瘤患者组比较无统计学差异;Ⅲ+Ⅳ期患者行新辅助化疗3个疗程后CA15-3、 CA125和CEA水平明显下降(P<0.05), 但仍高于非肿瘤患者组(P<0.05). 结论:血清免疫指标CA15-3、 CA125、 CEA变化对临床诊断和预后观察具有重要的临床价值.

树突状细胞(dendritic cells, DC)是目前所知的机体内功能最强大的抗原提呈细胞, 它通过吞噬、表达、移动等一系列过程, 启动体内免疫系统.而与之相关的肿瘤免疫逃逸或肿瘤转移已成为DC研究的热点.现对DC与肿瘤免疫治疗方面的新进展做一简要综述.