Imaging Fourier transform spectrometers (IFTS) are becoming the preferred systems for remote sensing spectral imaging applications because of their ability to provide, simultaneously, both high spatial and spectral resolution images of a scene. IFTS can be operated in either step-and-integrate or rapid-scan modes, where it is common practice to sample interferograms at equal optical path difference intervals. The step-and-integrate mode requires a translation stage with fast and precise point-to-point motion and additional external trigger circuitry for the detector focal plane array (FPA), and produces uniformly position-sampled interferograms which can be analyzed using standard FFT routines. In the rapid-scan mode, the translation stage is continuously moving and interferograms are often acquired at the frame-rate of the FPA. Since all translation stages have associated velocity errors, the resulting interferograms are sampled at non-uniform intervals of optical path difference, which requires more sophisticated analysis. This paper discusses the processing pipeline which is being developed for the analysis of the non-uniform rapid-scan data produced by the Herschel/SPIRE IFTS.

Cyanoethyl-protected phosphotriester links in oligonucleotides made with standard pophosporamidite chemistry were converted to pbosphoramidate linkages during oligonucleotide synthesis on solid support. The cyanoethyl group was removed with piperidine, and the resulting phosphodiester was activated with p-tosyl chloride. An amine nucleophile displaced the tosyl to yield a phosphoramidate linkage.

A combinatorial library motif has been developed based on orthogonally protected aminodiol scaffolds. Amine functionality was derivatized by commercially available electrophiles including carboxylic acids, sulfonyl chlorides, isocyanates, and aldehydes. A hydroxyl moiety was converted to a carbamate linkage, allowing a variety of amines to be incorporated. The scaffold was anchored to TentaGel at the second hydroxyl via a succinyl linker, which was hydrolyzed by mild aqueous basic conditions. The method was used to make a library of about 17,000 different members in mixtures of 5 per sample.

The phosphorothioate and phosphodiester oligodeoxynucleotides d(TTGGGGTT) form parallel-stranded tetramer structures stabilized by guanosine quartets. The phosphorothioate tetramer has been shown to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitro. The kinetics of association and dissociation of both tetramers have been determined as a function of temperature using size exclusion chromatography to measure the ratio of single strand to tetramer. In phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.2) at 37 degrees C, the fourth-order association rate of the phosphorothioate tetramer was 6.1 (+/- 0.5) x 10(4) M-3 s-1; the dissociation rate was 8.2 (+/- 0.2) x 10(-6) min-1, resulting in a t(1/2) of about 60 days. The association rate of the phosphodiester was about one order of magnitude faster and the dissociation rate about one order of magnitude slower than that of the phosphorothioate tetramer. The association reaction had a negative energy of activation for both compounds. Despite thermodynamic instability of the tetramer at low concentrations, the extremely slow dissociation rate may allow use of the phosphorothioate tetramer for AIDS chemotherapy.

We have reviewed 40 patients with immune thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP) to assess current methods of preparation for surgery and to evaluate perioperative complications and response to splenectomy. Twenty-one patients had chronic ITP (greater than 1 year duration) and 19 patients had severe acute thrombocytopenia (platelet counts less than 10,000). A progression of methods of pretreatment was seen in the 10-year period reviewed. Seventeen patients received no treatment before admission for surgery, and 10 of these received platelet transfusions. Seventeen patients received steroids immediately preceding surgery; 16 of these responded and 1 received a platelet transfusion. Recently, 5 patients received intravenous gamma globulin (IgG) preceding surgery with all patients responding and none receiving platelet transfusions. One patient received a combination of steroids and IgG with good response and did not require platelet transfusion. No major postoperative complications occurred (ie, pancreatitis, small bowel obstruction, or sepsis) except for one patient requiring a secondary exploration for an accessory spleen and recurrent thrombocytopenia. Eight patients (20%), 6 with severe ITP and 2 with chronic ITP (5 males and 3 females) developed recurrence of thrombocytopenia following surgery up to 1 1/2 years after splenectomy. These patients all required further medical therapy. Three additional patients (2 chronic and 1 severe) developed thrombocytopenia following viral illnesses, but required no further therapy. Of the 8 surgical failures, 4 failed to respond to prior treatment with steroids, 1 to IgG, and 2 failed to respond to combination therapy, while one surgical failure responded to both steroid and combination therapy. Of the responders to splenectomy (32 patients), only 3 failed to respond to prior treatment with steroids.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)