目的 探究ICU急性出血性胰腺炎患者应用早期肠内营养与全胃肠外营养对其营养状况影响.方法 选取2017年5月～2018年8月该院收治的急性出血性胰腺炎患者98例,将其分为对照组和实验组,每组患者49例.其中对照组应用全胃肠外营养,实验组应用早期肠内营养,对比两组患者营养指标水平.结果 实验组患者的血清白蛋白(ALB)、前白蛋白(PA)、转铁蛋白(TF)等水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05).结论 ICU急性出血性胰腺炎患者应用早期营养支持相对于全胃肠外营养的营养指标显著提高,同时避免患者并发症的出现,提高患者身体的免疫力.

To study the effect of probiotics on production performance and ammonia concentration in AA+ broiler, 1-day-age AA+ broilers were randomly divided into four groups,each of 4 200 with three replicates. Control group Ⅰ was fed with basic diet and group Ⅱ ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ was respectively fed with the basic diets supplemented with bacillus subtilis ,Hongyuan bacteria and Sanyi ecological bacteria. The results showed that probiotics could significantly improve final weight compared with control group(P<0.05),group Ⅱ was most prominent. Feed to gain ratio of Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ was decreased by 9.36%,3.45% and 5.91%(P<0.05)respectively. The highest survival rate was group Ⅱ(P<0.05). Group Ⅱ was the most cost-effective,net profit per bird was 2.67 yuan,higher than group Ⅰ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ. At 23 to 27,35 to 39 days of age ammonia concentration of the test group was significantly lower than control group(P<0.05). The appropriate amount of probiotics in diet could improve feed efficiency,improve economic efficiency and reduce chenet ammonia concentration. The effect which added Bacillus subtilis was the best.

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of antibacterial peptide agent(ABPA) on meat quality,contents of free amino acids and microelements in breast muscle of barred plymouth rock chickens.Using a single factor design,a total of 450 one-day-old barred plymouth rock chickens were randomly allocated to 3 groups with 3 replicates per group and 50 chickens(half male and half female) in each replicate.The experiment lasted for 90 days.Chickens in group Ⅰ(control group) were fed a basal diet,and the other chickens in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were fed with the basal diet supplemented with antibacterial peptide(ABP) and antibacterial peptides plus yeast(ABPY),respectively.The results showed as follows: 1) compared with the control group,drip loss in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ had a decrease tendency,but there was no significant difference(P0.05).The muscle fiber diameter in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly lower than that in control group(P0.01).The muscle fiber density in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in control group(P0.05,P0.01).2) The contents of essential amino acids and total free amino acids in breast muscle in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ had no significant difference compared with the control group(P0.05).3) The selenium content in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in the control group(P0.01),and the manganese content in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in the control group(P0.05),but the other microelement contents in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ had no significant difference compared with the control group(P0.05).In summary,ABPA has positive effects on meat quality,contents of free amino acids and microelements in breast muscle of barred plymouth rock chicken,and the use of ABPA is better than the using ABP alone.

A trial was conducted to study influence of vitamin E supplementation of overfeeding diets on L-FABP gene expression in mule ducks.Six hundred 70-day-old male mule ducks were randomly allocated to 4 groups with 150 ducks per group.Each treatment had three replicates of 50 ducks.Group Ⅰ was control fed with overfeeding diets.Group Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were experimental groups fed on overfeeding diets containing vitamin E 40,90,140 mg/kg,respectively.It showed that the liver L-FABP mRNA relative expression level of 108-day-old ducks increased significantly(P<0.05) compared with 95-day-old ducks.After overfeeding,the liver L-FABP mRNA relative expression level of experimental groups were higher than control group(P<0.05) and groupⅡwas the highest.

540 healthy Luhua chickens(1-day old)with similar body weight were randomly separated into 3 groups,3 replicates per group,60 birds per replicate.Group Ⅰ,GroupⅡ,GroupⅢ were fed high dietary nutrition,medium dietary nutrition and low dietary nutrition separately.The results showed that:(1) Growth performance: the medium dietary nutrition can meet the need of Luhua chicken's growth.The high dietary nutrition had obviously growth promoting effect for only 1～28 d.The low dietary can not meet the growth need of Luhua chicken.(2) Slaughter performance: the live weight,slaughter rate,half-eviscerated rate,and carcass net rate were significantly greater than the low dietary group,slightly higher than the high dietary group.The chest and leg muscle percentage of high dietary group was higher than the other two groups.The abdominal fat rate and thick leather fat of medium group was the highest,but there were no significant differences.In short,recommend fed Luhua with the medium dietary nutritions.

试验选用900只1日龄健康芦花鸡,随机分成3组:对照组(基础日粮)、试验Ⅰ组(基础日粮+0.1 g/kg抗菌肽)和试验Ⅱ组(基础日粮+0.1 g/kg抗菌肽+0.5亿个/kg酵母活菌).结果表明:与对照组相比,日粮中添加抗菌肽和抗菌肽制剂可极显著提高芦花鸡末质量和平均日增质量,极显著降低平均日耗料和料肉比；对42、56和70日龄芦花鸡血清尿素氮、白蛋白和球蛋白质量浓度均无显著影响；抗菌肽制剂和抗菌肽能分别显著提高42和70日龄血清总蛋白质量浓度；抗菌肽对42、56和70日龄血清三酰甘油和总胆固醇水平均无显著影响；抗菌肽制剂显著提高42日龄血清总胆固醇水平.

试验旨在研究抗菌肽对芦花鸡血清激素水平的影响.试验选用900只1日龄健康芦花鸡,随机分成3组,每组3个重复,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ组每千克日粮中添加0.1 g鲎素抗菌肽,试验Ⅱ组每千克日粮中添加由0.1 g鲎素抗菌肽和5×107个酵母活菌组成的抗菌肽制剂.试验期为90 d.结果表明:与对照组相比,日粮中添加抗菌肽、抗菌肽制剂极显著地提高了芦花鸡的体重(P＜0.01)、平均日增重(P＜0.01),极显著地降低了料肉比(P＜0.01)；与对照组比较,日粮中添加抗菌肽、抗菌肽制剂对血清生长激素水平无显著影响(P＞0.05),抗菌肽能显著提高14日龄T4水平(P＜0.05)、84日龄IGF-I水平(P＜0.05),抗菌肽制剂能极显著提高14日龄T4水平(P＜0.01)、显著降低42日龄T3水平(P＜0.05).

Luhua,Huang,Ma chickens were used as experimental population. RT-PCR technique was used to study gene expression in heart fatty acid-binding protein （H-FABP）gene at 110 days. The results showed that the expres- sion of H-FABP gene in Ma chicken was significantly lower than that of Huang and Luhua chickens by 174.8%, 170.070% （P〈0.05）, there was no significant differences between Luhua and H uang chickens, which presented a significant difference of varieties.

Meat quality and muscle fiber were tested among Luhua,Beifang Huang and Ma chicken of 110 days old raised under the same conditions,and the relationship between muscle fiber and meat quality were analyzed.The results showed that :(1) the meat color muscle incarnadine of the chicken were all normal,the shear force of Ma was significant higher than that of Luhua and Beifang Huang by 9.18%,8.74%(P0.05),there was no significant difference among pH and drop water loss.(2) the muscle fiber diameters of Beifang Huang was significant lower than that of Luhua and Ma by 11.44%、13.71%(P0.05).The density of muscle fiber in Beifang Huang was significant higher than Luhua and Ma by15.49%、20.12%(P0.05).(3)There was negative correlation between the diameter and pH,and there was positive correlation between the diameter and shearforce.There was negative correlation between the diameter of Luhua,Beifang Huang and meat color.There was positive correlation between muscle fiber density and pH,and negative correlation between muscle fiber density and shear-force.There was positive correlation between the density of Beifang Huang,Ma and meat color,and negative correlation between the density of Luhua and meat color.

<正>优质肉鸡由地方优良品种鸡选育而成,保留了农村土鸡的特点,具有低脂肪、高蛋白、低胆固醇、口感好等优点。近年来,随着人们生活水平的提高,消费市场逐渐扩大。笔者选取了芦花鸡、黄鸡和麻鸡三个优质肉鸡品种,对其在北方环境条件下饲养时的肌肉品质进行了比较研究,旨在优化、筛选出适合北方发展且肌肉品质较好的优质肉鸡品种。

This study was designed to investigate the single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) by PCR-SSCP of PRKAG3 gene in 87 plymouth rock,at the same time the correlation between the polymorphism and meat quality traits.The result of PCR-SSCP showed that there were three genotypes(TT,TG and GG).The correlation analysis revealed that polymorphism had a extremely significant effect on PH,the plymouth rocks with GG genotype had lower PH than the GT and TT genotype(P<0.01),at the same time,the GT genotype lower than the TT genotype(P<0.05).other meat quality traits of plymouth rock were not significant influence on different genotypes(P>0.05).It could be preliminarily concluded that PRKAG3 gene was probably a major gene or a QTL linked gene which associated with PH and can be chosen as the molecular markers of meat quality in plymouth rock.

This study was adopted the experimental design method of the single factor,480 ten weeks of age mule ducks were randomly assigned to 4 groups,which were raised in the same batch with similar weight.They were fed on diets containing Vitamin E(VE) 40 mg/kg(group Ⅱ),90 mg/kg(group Ⅲ),1 400 mg/kg(group Ⅳ) in comparison to a control group(groupⅠ) fed with 0 mg/kg VE,which was carried out to determine the effect of different level of VE on growth performance and liver nutrition.The results were as follows:①VE supplement could significantly improve growth performance.When VE supplement was 90 mg/kg,body weight gain was the highest,feed conversion ratio was the lowest there were significant differences compared with control group(P0.05).When VE supplement was 40 mg/kg,liver weight gain was the highest and the differences were significant(P0.05).②VE could increase liver fat content,change fatty acids,especially increase oil acid and linoleic acid content,and the difference of linoleic oil cotent between the experimented groups and control group were significant(P0.05).

试验采用单因子设计方案,选取体重相近的1日龄健康芦花鸡1 500只,随机分成5组,每组三个重复,每个重复100只鸡,对照Ⅰ组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组分别在基础日粮中添加泓缘403菌、常胜1号、抗菌肽及抗菌肽+酵母菌制剂,试验期90 d,探讨不同微生态制剂对芦花鸡生产性能的影响.试验结果表明:试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组与对照Ⅰ组相比极显著提高芦花鸡90d体重和平均日增重(P＜0.01);Ⅱ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组极显著降低料肉比(P＜0.01);各组对芦花鸡成活率影响不显著.对芦花鸡生产性能的影响,以抗菌肽+酵母菌制剂作用效果最佳,其次是抗菌肽、泓缘403菌和常胜1号.

Signal factor design was employed in the experiment.A cohort of 360 healthy Hailan Brown Layers of 339 days were chosen randomly and divided into control group and experimental group.In each group there were 3 repeats,each of which with 60 layers.During the 8 weeks test period,control group were fed basal diet,while the experimental group were fed basal diet added with Hongyuan 403 Bacteria.The results turned out that in experimental group,addition of Hongyuan 403 Bacteria significantly reduced feed to egg ratio compared with control group(P 0.05)and every layer profited more 0.17 yuan,the economic efficiency was improved.

This study was designed to investigate the single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) of myostatin(MSTN) gene in red steppe and to analyze by PCR-SSCP,at the same time the correlation between the polymorphisms and several carcass traits.The results of cloning and sequencing indicated that polymorphism of intron 1 dued to base mutation of C→T in position 1 452 bp,and there were three genotypes(AA,AB and BB).The correlation analysis revealed that polymorphisms had a significant effect on net meat percentage,the BB and AB genotype had higher net meat percentage than the AA genotype in red steppe(P0.05),but there were no significant differences between BB genotype and AB genotype(P0.05).Other carcass traits of red steppe was not significant in different genotypes(P0.05).It could be preliminarily concluded that MSTN gene was probably a major gene or a QTL linked gene which associated with meat quality traits in red steppe.

[Objective] The aim was to improve an effective and rapid method for extracting total RNA of Songliao black pig,and provide basis for testing organs tissue RNA.[Method] Using liquid nitrogen grinding method,cell membrane was ruptured by using Trizol,through some treatments with chloroform,isopropanol and absolute alcohol,RNA was purified and high quality RNA was obtained.[Result] The concentration and purity were high of obtained total RNA of Songliao black pig,and were not degraded.[Conclusion] The quality and purity of RNA are high and not contaminated by DNA by using this method,which has better integrity and stability,and could save time.

In order to investigate the correlations between the blood protein polymorphic points and performance of Red Steppe,the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE)were employed to detect hemoglobin(Hb),albumin (Alb),postalbumin(Pa)-three blood protein polymorphic points of 13 Red Steppe and 18 limousin×Red Steppe.The results showed that Hb,Alb and Pa cotroled by 2 allelomorph respectively;the 4 bands of Hb had dissociation in 1 Red Steppe.The of variance analysis of the blood protein polymorphic points and performance suggested 3 protein points had positive or negative effects on some traits of Red Steppe and limousine.