建立同时快速检测牛奶中环丙沙星、恩诺沙星、诺氟沙星、培氟沙星、氧氟沙星和洛美沙星六种氟喹诺酮类药物残留的酶联免疫吸附法.ELISA法的操作在20℃ ～25℃下进行,以50％抑制浓度、最低检测限反映方法的灵敏度,同时进行加标回收试验.结果表明,本文所建立的ELISA法的最低检测限为1.48μg/L,50％抑制浓度的范围在0.254～0.361μg/L;在环丙沙星、恩诺沙星、诺氟沙星、培氟沙星、氧氟沙星和洛美沙星药物添加浓度为5、25、50μg/L时的回收率为84.58％ ～115.92％,批内变异系数均小于15.0％,批间变异系数均小于16.0％.本方法简便快捷,灵敏度、准确度和精密度高,适用于牛奶中FQs残留的同时快速检测.

A LC-MS/MS method was established for the determination of virginamycin M1 resedues in pork and chicken.The samples were extracted by 0.2％formate of acetonitrile-water solution (80∶20,V/V),then purified and concentrated on an Oasis PRiME HLB cartridge,and then determined by LC-MS/MS.The results showed the good linearity in the rage of 0.25～200 ng/mL with correlation coefficients(R2) above 0.999,The limit of detection of the method was 0.5 μg/kg,and the limit of quantification was 2.0 μg/kg,The average recoveries at 2～200 μg/kg (2MRL) were 80％～100％,and intra-and inter-batch RSD were＜8.0％.The method is simple,rapid,sensitive and accurate.

对四川省2009-2014年共2 954株猪、鸡源大肠杆菌进行13种抗生素耐药性测定,同时对耐头孢噻呋大肠杆菌及O157菌株耐药基因进行检测.结果表明:大肠杆菌对抗生素耐药谱广,多重耐药严重.大肠杆菌对抗生素耐药率呈逐年波动下降趋势,猪源大肠杆菌对抗生素耐药率总体耐药率为40.40％～ 92.32％,抗生素耐药率依次为:TET(92.32％)＞SIZ(91.96％)＞ AMP(91.25％)＞SXT(87.56％)＞DO(77.67％)＞FFC(73.97％)＞SH(69.91％)＞EN(66.00％)＞AMC(61.10％)＞ OFX (59.39％)＞CN (57.82％)＞ PME (42.53％)＞CEF(40.40％).鸡源大肠杆菌对抗生素的总体耐药率为9.17％-89.41％,抗生素耐药率依次为:SIZ(89.41％) ＞AMP (85.01％) ＞SXT(83.40％) ＞TET(83.01％) ＞EN(72.03％)＞OFX(63.37％) ＞AMC(62.14％)＞DO(58.90％) ＞FFC (55.10％) ＞SH (50.52％) ＞CEF (46.9％) ＞CN (33.91％)＞PME(9.17％).2009年-2014年猪源大肠杆菌耐药率总体高于鸡源大肠杆菌.研究表明,监测大肠杆菌的抗生素耐药性对动物的养殖、疾病的预防及耐药性的控制有着重要意义.

The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella from pig in Sichuan province. A total of 2660 samples were collected from the anus of pig in the pig farms in Sichuan during 2009 to2014. Totally,151 Salmonella strains were isolated. The results showed that the isolation rate was 5. 68% and the dominant serotype was Derby( 60. 26%). Antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella against 13 antimicrobials was performed using microdilution method. The highest resistance rate was observed in ampicillin( 94. 7%),amoxycillin / clavulanic acid( 92. 7%),spectinomycin( 93. 4%),tetracycline( 95. 4%),sulfagan( 91. 4%),trimethoprim and sulphame-thoxazole( 90. 1%),enrofloxacin( 86. 8%),while ceftiofur and polymyxin E were the most susceptible antimicrobials,followed by the other 4 antimicrobials. The frequency of resistance showed a high trend during 2009 to 2014 including ampicillin,amoxycillin / clavulanic acid,spectinomycin,tetracyclin,sulfagan,trimethoprim and sulphame-thoxazole,and showed a rising trend including ceftiofur,gentamicin,doxycycline,florfenicol,enrofloxacin,ofloxacin,polymyxin E,espeshially ceftiofur,doxycycline,florfenico and ofloxacin kept fastly rising trend. Besides,the multidrug-resistance strains reached a high level of more than 60% during 2009 to 2014. In conclusion,the results indicated that the drug-resistance of Salmonella strains was serious in Sichuan during 2009 to 2014. It was urgent that the domestic industry reasonably applied the antimicrobial drugs to control the development of antimicrobial resistance.