This paper describes a power-factor-corrected-based flyback converter for low-power domestic lighting. The proposed flyback converter works in a discontinuous-conduction mode (DCM) and provides enhanced power-quality (PQ). In low-power residential lighting, the flyback converter is significantly preferred over non-isolated converters owing to its numerous advantages, such as its low component count, cost-effective solution, and safe operating conditions. The proposed DCM-based flyback converter has a simple circuit configuration and lower total harmonic distortions (THD) of input current by about 15% with an input power factor of around 0.97. A hardware prototype has been developed and examined at different AC source voltages to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of a proposed model. Experimental results show that the whole system efficiency satisfies Energy Star standards with 91.04 percent efficiency at a rated load of 24 Watts and 220 V AC mains and also fulfilled the stringent limits as per IEC61000-3-2 Class D standards.

This paper describes the real‐time implementation of a sliding mode backstepping controller for boost converters for LED lighting applications. The sliding surface is used to calculate the first error value in the backstepping control procedure, which ensures the system's robustness over a wide range of disturbances by achieving an asymptotically stable system based on the Lyapunov function. Due to the non‐minimum phase nature of boost converter, the system will become unstable. Hence the output voltage is indirectly controlled by controlling the sliding surface in the proposed sliding mode backstepping controller in order to achieve the asymptotically stable system. The detailed simulation is carried out on the MATLAB/Simulink platform, and the results are compared to that of a conventional proportional‐integral‐derivative (PID) controller and a traditional sliding mode controller, which ensures system robustness across a wide range of load resistance and input voltage changes, resulting in enhanced transient and, steady‐state responses. In the laboratory, a prototype of proposed controller is designed to ensure its accuracy in real‐time. By comparing the proposed control technique to the conventional sliding mode controller and PID controller, the flexibility of the proposed control method is validated for any variation at the input and output sides. From the experimental results, it is apparent that the proposed controller responds accurately and rapidly regardless of the disturbances caused to the system.

Due to numerous features such as compact size, longevity, mercury-free start, and higher color rendering index, the introduction of light-emitting diode (LED) lights has changed residential and commercial lighting systems worldwide. There are two main types of LED driver configurations: single-stage (SS) and double-stage (DS). Low-power systems employ SS configuration converters, while high-power commercial systems use DS configuration converters. This study presented a discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) flyback converter with a PI controller for LED lighting, replacing double-stage converter systems. The proposed DCM-based flyback AC-DC converter includes fewer components, lower total harmonic distortions (THD), improved power factor, and high efficiency. The hardware prototype was created and tested at various AC main voltages to ensure the feasibility of the proposed model. At rated voltage 230 V, system THD is 5.2 %, power factor is 0.995, and efficiency is 92.1 %. The whole system efficiency meets the Energy Star standards.

In this paper, the modeling, hardware evaluation and simulation of PV solar power converter are discussed. The DC is converted into AC by grid-tied PV converter & then connected to a power grid. Voltage profile can be modified by connecting a known load of solar System. Hence, the system still experiences over wear to solar PV range connected is a way excess than local loads. The controlling of power factor also seems to enhance the voltage profile all over the feeder.

The light-emitting diode (LED) driver is of great importance for efficient lighting. The main challenge for the LED driver is to reduce the THD and improve the PF of the circuit. Low power factor in LEDs makes it unsuitable for commercial use. Low power factor not only increases the losses but also is destructive for the electrical equipments. This paper deals with the technologies used for power factor correction and the requirement for using such technologies. It also covers the various problems related to power factor and the related works on power factor and THD improvement for LED driver.

We live in a world where the population is growing day by day, and with the increase in population, our energy demand is also increasing to meet our daily energy consumption (IEEE Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems, IEEE Std. 1547, 2003) [1]. This is resulting in shortage of electricity across the world, especially under developed or developing countries. Hence, we need an efficient and effective solar system which can stand alone (IEEE Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems, IEEE Std. 1547, 2003 [1]; Obukhov et al. methods of effective use of solar power system 2016 [2]) In this paper, it has been discussed that how effectiveness of autonomous energy systems can be increased and also how an efficient solar system can be utilized for direct cooling and heating with the help of solar chillers without converting it from solar energy into electrical energy.

Fuel cell are most promising devices for all types renewable energy harvesting for both on grid and off grid distributed generation systems. The vital usage of this fuel cell is mainly due to its modularity, better potential capability and minimal maintenance. But its performance needs to be controlled under varying load conditions (uncertainty) due to which system's stability get affected. In this paper, sliding mode controller is used for controlling the fuel cell output under various circumstances of uncertainty in order to attain the asymptotically stable system. This designing of sliding mode controller evidently improves the stability and its results are obtained with the help MATLAB SIMULATION and stability improvements is been captured by analysis. Further the output and efficiency of both PID controller and sliding mode controller (SMC) is being compared and simulation result indicates that SMC is superior than PID in terms of reducing disturbances and improving the overall stability and efficiency of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC)model.

Abstract Light emitting diode specifically White LED has gain a lot of attention from both academics and industrial sector due to its high efficiency, environmental friendly, and long lifecycle. This is a feasible alternative for conventional bulbs and tubes in domestic, industrial and commercial lighting. However, implementation of this new source requires various parametric regulation. This proposed single stage isolated zeta converter (SS-IZC), with power factor correction maintains constant output for the load of 36 Watts LED, and follow the IEC61000-3-2 standard. The proposed SS-IZC is operating in DCM and controlled with PWM (Pulse width modulation), for power factor improvement and low THD, and obtain more than 0.9 power factor and THD less than ten percentages.

The energy consumption is increasing throughout the world. The renewable energy is potential answer to meet the increasing demand. Fossil fuel are diminishing with fast pace and greenhouse gas emission potential. So, the world is promoting renewable energy generation. In this work, government policy impact is assessed for renewable energy promotion. The 4% subsidy on solar, increases approximately 1200% of solar energy generation in 23 years’ term and 4% subsidy on wind, increases 69% in wind power generation. The case, on per tone CO2 emission by fossil fuel-based plant is also reducing the use of non- renewable power energy uses.