Reflecting about 7.1. Failure (2017).

Rebecca Harding reviews Frederic Jameson's latest publication, The Antinomies of Realism.

This report brings together findings from the case studies in Berlin and Rostock on how entrepreneurship support is organised, the activities in entrepreneurship education and start-up support, and the strategy behind. In addition, the report provides in its “fishing ideas from international good practice” section 13 short descriptions of how places and universities collaborate elsewhere in mobilising their talents for entrepreneurial action. These short case studies are intended to provide inspiration for both policy and local action on the key issues in making places conducive to entrepreneurship and innovation, in entrepreneurship education, and in making university entrepreneurship support systems work.

This report brings together findings from the case studies in Berlin and Rostock on how entrepreneurship support is organised, the activities in entrepreneurship education and start-up support, and the strategy behind. In addition, the report provides in its “fishing ideas from international good practice” section 13 short descriptions of how places and universities collaborate elsewhere in mobilising their talents for entrepreneurial action. These short case studies are intended to provide inspiration for both policy and local action on the key issues in making places conducive to entrepreneurship and innovation, in entrepreneurship education, and in making university entrepreneurship support systems work.

International Journal of Geriatric PsychiatryVolume 23, Issue 9 p. 984-986 Research Letter Dazed and confused: making sense of delirium after hip fracture Rebecca Harding, Rebecca Harding Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University of Leeds, UKSearch for more papers by this authorCarol Martin, Carol Martin Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University of Leeds, UKSearch for more papers by this authorJohn Holmes, Corresponding Author John Holmes [email protected] Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University of Leeds, UKSenior Lecturer in Liaison Psychiatry of Old Age, Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University Of Leeds, 15 Hyde Terrace, Leeds, LS2 9LT, UK.Search for more papers by this author Rebecca Harding, Rebecca Harding Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University of Leeds, UKSearch for more papers by this authorCarol Martin, Carol Martin Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University of Leeds, UKSearch for more papers by this authorJohn Holmes, Corresponding Author John Holmes [email protected] Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University of Leeds, UKSenior Lecturer in Liaison Psychiatry of Old Age, Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University Of Leeds, 15 Hyde Terrace, Leeds, LS2 9LT, UK.Search for more papers by this author First published: 27 February 2008 https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.1995Citations: 6AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. REFERENCES Barkham M, Stiles WB, Hardy GE, Field SD. 1996. The assimilation model: theory, research and practical guidelines. In Research in counselling and psychotherapy: Practical applications, W Dryden (ed.). Sage: Thousand Oaks, CA; 1–24. 10.4135/9781446279786.n1 Google Scholar Brown TM, Boyle MF. 2002. Delirium. BMJ 325: 644–647. 10.1136/bmj.325.7365.644 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Castledine G. 2004. General nurses must ensure they have mental health skills. Br J Nursing 13: 683. 10.12968/bjon.2004.13.11.13231 PubMedGoogle Scholar Holmes JD, House AO. 2000. Psychiatric illness predicts poor outcome after surgery for hip fracture: a prospective cohort study. Psychol Med 30: 921–929. 10.1017/S0033291799002548 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Malan DH. 1979. Individual Psychotherapy and the Science of Psychodynamics. Tavistock: London. Google Scholar Smith JA. 2004. Reflecting on the development of interpretative phenomenological analysis and its contribution to qualitative research in psychology. Qualitat Res Psychol 1: 39–54. Web of Science®Google Scholar Citing Literature Volume23, Issue9September 2008Pages 984-986 ReferencesRelatedInformation

During the 1980s there existed a deep fascination in the UK with what makes Germany successful. This has dissolved somewhat in the last 15 years as Germany has struggled with the challenges of reunification and globalisation. Since 1997 the UK has focused on the drivers of productivity and wealth creation in the interests of closing the ‘productivity gap’ with the US. In contrast, productivity improvements in Germany have been regarded as something of a ‘luxury problem’ for policy makers who have had to facilitate systemic change in eastern Germany and adaptation in the old Länder. This paper looks at the systemic adaptation in Germany from a UK perspective and argues that, although structural reform still has some way to go, the endogenous growth drivers of the German economy are strong, and visibly stronger than in the UK. It is argued that commentators and policy makers alike have been ignoring the real issue in the debate about the future of the German economy.

The importance of social entrepreneurship in social, cultural and economic terms is increasingly acknowledged. Drawing on data from the second Social Entrepreneurship Monitor report published by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) UK project, this article focuses on the social entrepreneurs who may grow the social enterprises of the future. After establishing an appropriate definition of 'social entrepreneurship', the author assesses how much social entrepreneurial activity there is in the UK, breaking that activity down into the categories of 'nascent', 'baby' and 'established' and examining regional variations. She then reports on the characteristics of both mainstream and social entrepreneurs, and analyses their respective demographic profiles. This is followed by a discussion of the nature of social enterprises, including such issues as their main sources of revenue and the reasons why so many find it hard to obtain finance. The article concludes with reference to the policy implications of the paper, highlighting the importance of formulating strategies to stimulate social entrepreneurship.

Whilst there is a volume of literature mapping out the evolution, causes and implications of income inequality across countries, there is little in-depth evidence concerning the desire of populations for income equality. This paper tackles this gap by presenting UK evidence from a large-scale adult population survey for 2003. The headline result is that 75% of the UK adult population prefer a fairer income distribution. Our econometric findings suggest that women are more likely to favour income equality than men and that better educated people are more tolerant of income inequality. Only the very rich favour income inequality. Geography is important, with the Welsh, Scots and Northern Irish all more likely to prefer a more equitable income distribution.

Crisp extruded snack food like products were produced from a range of cereal products using a short barrel, single screw snack food extruder. The retention of B group vitamins during extrusion processing was compared for the different cereal grains and under different extrusion conditions. This work showed that short barrel extruders used for snack food production retain between 44% and 62% of the B group vitamins. This is considerably higher than the 20% retention for maize reported previously for long barrel extruders. The stability of the vitamins was similar, with riboflavin and niacin having the highest stability. Pyridoxine was stable in maize, but less so in oats and the maize+pea ingredients. Thiamin was the least stable during extrusion. It is concluded that short term high-temperature cooking of extruded snacks allows the retention of higher levels of heat labile B vitamins than the longer time and lower temperature cooking methods used in modern snack food extruders.

This chapter is an assessment of the market for start-up finance in the UK for high growth potential entrepreneurial firms. It uses data from the UK’s Global Entrepreneurship Monitor surveys between 2001 and 2003 to assess the scale of equity finance in the UK and the strengths and weaknesses of the UK financial markets for supporting high growth potential firms on the basis of an additional survey of 60 experts conducted during September and October 2003. This work suggests that there are areas of the market that are strongly served by existing financial mechanisms. Government support programs such as the Small Firms Loan Guarantee Scheme, SMART and some regional venture capital companies, for example, are well regarded as sources of finance for firms seeking initial start-up finance for amounts up to and including £250,000. Similarly, there is evidence that the business angel market is also serving this market with syndicated financing deals taking investments up as high as £300,000 in some regions. However, there is a perception among business support agencies, venture capitalists and entrepreneurs alike that the size of investments in the formal venture capital market has been increasing and that companies seeking investments above this level, up as high as £2million, may be restricted in their access to finance. The paper tests this qualitative finding on a number of data sources and finds that there are indeed an “equity gap” of between £150,000 and £1.5million. It concludes that lack of finance in this area represents a brake on the expansion of high growth potential businesses in the UK.

This paper examines policy structures to promote innovation in Wales. Following the devolution process, the National Assembly decides its regional policy priorities and has considerable power to develop and implement policies within a range of areas, of which one is economic development. The Welsh Assembly and the Welsh Development Agency (WDA) – which play key roles in the economic development success of Wales – have a strong focus on building their region through enterprise and innovation. This paper illustrates the extent to which the strategy followed by the National Assembly and the WDA has begun to bear fruit. It critically assesses some of the published material on Welsh Development, specifically growth targets set in 'A Winning Wales', and looks at progress towards achieving these targets. This paper highlights the importance and the consequences played by the devolution process and the establishment of the Welsh Assembly in the 'catch-up' process.

Business Strategy ReviewVolume 17, Issue 4 p. 52-55 Aspire big. Achieve big Rebecca Harding, Rebecca Harding Executive Director of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) worldwide and the Director of GEM UKSearch for more papers by this author Rebecca Harding, Rebecca Harding Executive Director of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) worldwide and the Director of GEM UKSearch for more papers by this author First published: 06 December 2006 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0955-6419.2006.00435.xAboutPDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume17, Issue4Winter 2006Pages 52-55 RelatedInformation

PurposeThis paper sets out to assess the market for start‐up finance in the UK for high growth potential entrepreneurial firms.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses data from the UK's Global Entrepreneurship Monitor surveys between 2001 and 2003 to assess the scale of equity finance in the UK. It further examines the strengths and weaknesses of the UK financial markets for supporting high growth potential firms on the basis of an additional survey of 60 experts conducted during September and October 2003.FindingsThe paper suggests that there are areas of the market that are strongly served by existing financial mechanisms. However, there is a perception amongst business support agencies, venture capitalists and entrepreneurs alike that the size of investments in the formal venture capital market has been increasing and that companies seeking investments above this level, up as high as £2 million, may be restricted in their access to finance. The paper tests this qualitative finding on a number of empirical data sources and finds that there is indeed an “equity gap” of between £150,000 and £1.5 million. It concludes that lack of finance in this area represents a brake on the expansion of high growth potential businesses in the UK.Research limitations/implicationsThe empirical data covered in this paper are from three large‐scale surveys of the adult population in the UK. While this is robust as a reflection of what is happening amongst the whole spectrum of business start‐up activity, the methodology was not originally conceptualised as a mechanism for assessing the scale of the equity gap. This evidence was gained from a qualitative survey of actors in the market. Further research should survey high growth potential firms and financiers themselves in more detail to develop the analysis on a more systematic basis.Practical implicationsThe research will be of interest to policy makers who seek appropriate mechanism for developing a funding “ladder” to support businesses through the growth process. It identifies a clear gap in the market for growth finance that is evidence on which to base funding priorities in the future.Originality/valueAcademic and policy attempts to quantify the scale of the equity gap in the UK have been limited by availability of longitudinal and systematic data. As a result, they have tended to be largely qualitative in nature and prone to anecdote. Many of these studies do corroborate the findings reported here, but this does represent a first attempt to provide a quantification of the equity gap and thus should be of interest to policy makers, practitioners and academics alike.

Business Strategy ReviewVolume 17, Issue 4 p. 92-95 Influential capital Rebecca Harding, Rebecca Harding Executive Director of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) worldwide and the Director of GEM UKSearch for more papers by this author Rebecca Harding, Rebecca Harding Executive Director of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) worldwide and the Director of GEM UKSearch for more papers by this author First published: 06 December 2006 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0955-6419.2006.00443.xCitations: 2AboutPDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume17, Issue4Winter 2006Pages 92-95 RelatedInformation