Purpose This review aims to synthesize the brand hate literature and suggest directions for future research on brand hate.Design/methodology/approach This study adopted an integrative literature review method to synthesize and assess the brand hate literature.Findings The synthesis showed that social identity theory, disidentification theory and duplex theory are prominently used in brand hate studies, and a larger portion of brand hate research was conducted in Western countries. Further, brand-related, self-congruity, personal factors, information influence and brand community influence are the major types of antecedents of brand hate which can produce soft or hard consequences. Lexicometric analysis showed causes of brand hate, consumers' negative emotional and behavioral outcomes and community anti-brand behavior as key themes of brand hate research.Research limitations/implications The synthesis has followed predefined criteria for the inclusion research papers. Thus, the review is limited to articles that fulfilled the criteria for inclusion.Practical implications The finding will help marketers, specially brand managers, craft strategies to handle brand hate.Originality/value The brand hate literature is still developing and remains incoherent, suggesting that a synthesized review is needed. This study has systematically reviewed and synthesized the brand hate literature to study its development over time and proposes a framework which provides a comprehensive understanding of brand hate.

Academic and corporate interest in ethical leadership, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and firm performance has attracted a lot of attention in recent years. In fact, many research papers and journal special issues have been focused on these three domains. In this context, this paper conducts a systematic review on the concepts of ethical leadership and CSR and their impact on firm performance. 114 papers published over a period of 58 years (1958–2016) were selected and analyzed according to descriptive and content perspectives to propose a conceptual framework and define a future research agenda. In fact, the main results allow us to derive six main propositions representing possible areas of investigation to direct research on the topic. More in details, the body of literature highlights that financial factors are the main barriers affecting the adoption of CSR practices. On the contrary, internal and external environment was found to represent a critical success factor in the adoption of CSR practices. Finally, the results highlight that personal values have impact on ethical leadership that in turn has direct positive impact on CSR and direct and indirect impact on firm performance.

The article aims at finding whether it’s green innovation or ethical consideration of the business that predominantly affects consumer’s choice for green purchase intentions. Does it act as a precursor to green marketing practices, and how it can impact consumers green purchase intentions? This article contributes a conceptual model focusing on three main variables under study i.e., green innovation, ethical responsibility and green purchase intentions. The study employs qualitative literature review followed by a quantitative survey of 250 consumers through 7-point Likert scale. The study results support that ethical responsibility has a positive impact on green purchase intentions. Green innovation has also got a positive relationship with green purchase intentions. However, green innovation and ethical responsibility are also significantly associated with green purchase intention. In a nutshell, both factors conjointly affect consumer’s green purchase intentions. The study has functional and social implications for policymakers, citizen action public, businesses, stakeholders and the public in general. Environmental awareness, sense of trust & corporate image can be studied as a mediator or moderator to get a holistic view of the phenomenon. As per the understanding of the researchers, this is a naive study that explores, tests and contributes an empirically tested conceptual model supporting the combined effect of ethical responsibility and green innovation on green purchase intentions. Green Innovation and Ethical Responsibility: Do They Improve Customer’s Green Purchase Intentions?

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to measure the influence of peers, and the Government and non-governmental organization (NGO) initiatives on an individual’s attitudinal drivers such as environmental knowledge and environmental concern, which are the reasons for their green purchasing intentions. This concept was applied among the Indian young consumers. Design/methodology/approach For the research, a structured online questionnaire was used to obtain responses from 342 Indians from various cities. The participants were 20-25 years of age. SPSS software package was used to refine the data while SmartPLS was used to test the validity of the hypotheses. Findings The findings revealed that the Government and NGO initiatives along with peer influence do have a significant effect on a consumer’s environmental knowledge and environmental concerns. Further, this study found a significant positive effect of environmental knowledge and environmental concern on perceived value. In turn, the perceived value had a direct positive impact on green attitude leading to green purchase intention. Practical implications This paper provides critical insights for marketers, as well as for governmental agencies and NGOs promoting the conservation of the environment through environmental-friendly practices. These parties aim to generate greater awareness among consumers and impart knowledge about the benefits of green practices. Originality/value The studies measuring the impact of external factors on green consumption are scarce. Even the few studies available have measured the direct impact of external factors on green purchase intention. Governmental and NGO initiatives along with peer influence are the stimuli impacting operational factors such as environmental knowledge, environmental concern, perceived value, and green attitude, which, in turn, lead to the response of green purchase intention. This study provides new insights to this relationship by using a stimulus – organism – response framework.

The article aims at finding whether it's green innovation or ethical consideration of the business that predominantly affects consumer's choice for green purchase intentions. Does it act as a precursor to green marketing practices, and how it can impact consumers green purchase intentions? This article contributes a conceptual model focusing on three main variables under study i.e., green innovation, ethical responsibility and green purchase intentions. The study employs qualitative literature review followed by a quantitative survey of 250 consumers through 7-point Likert scale. The study results support that ethical responsibility has a positive impact on green purchase intentions. Green innovation has also got a positive relationship with green purchase intentions. However, green innovation and ethical responsibility are also significantly associated with green purchase intention. In a nutshell, both factors conjointly affect consumer's green purchase intentions. The study has functional and social implications for policymakers, citizen action public, businesses, stakeholders and the public in general. Environmental awareness, sense of trust & corporate image can be studied as a mediator or moderator to get a holistic view of the phenomenon. As per the understanding of the researchers, this is a naive study that explores, tests and contributes an empirically tested conceptual model supporting the combined effect of ethical responsibility and green innovation on green purchase intentions.

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a well-touted term in management disciplines that connects the business goals and societal values. CSR is used as a strategic approach that gives competitive differentiation through coagulation of both business and overarching societal goals. Organizations believe that goodwill created by CSR activities bestows the strategic competitive advantage and sustainable development. The objective of the study is to measure the impact of CSR activities on purchase intention either directly or indirectly; for this purpose, the study has administered a structured questionnaire and collected responses from Indian citizens purchasing products from FMCG companies topping the CSR spending list and used structural equation modeling to validate the results. The findings suggest that customers process CSR details unconsciously and may not remember the explicit detail, but they are more likely to include the brand in the consideration set evokedby positive attitudes trailing behind.

As world is looking at the emerging economies for investment, India has become the latest hub. International assignments as an unavoidable part of globalisation brings along with them a major issue of cross-cultural adjustment, although India has witnessed expatriate management under British rule but the cultural diversity has made this country still an enigma for expatriates to understand. Therefore, our study aims at finding why expatriates find India challenging for cross-cultural adjustment. It reviews the factors which force expatriates to come to India and also about the cross-cultural adjustment challenges they face at macro, meso and micro level. The finding of the study shows an inverse relation between cross-cultural adjustment and organisational challenges, which means higher cross-cultural adjustment will create less challenges at workplace and a positive relation between cultural literacy and cross-cultural adjustment. The study outcome lays down a foundation stone in India for future researches, as very less literature is available in context to India, the research discussion will be useful for the global strategist to get a better insight into India to re-vamp their strategies pertaining to expatriates in India.

India's new corporate social responsibility (CSR) law requirement has made it the first country in the world to mandate at least 2% of their average net profits from the preceding 3 years in CSR. Is CSR initiative in India appropriate and revolutionary? Or this should still be considered as a corporate philanthropy? This is a hot question for discussion in any forum and at the level of policy making bodies, where, most business leaders recognize CSR expenditures as not a donation, but an investment for the long-term interest of its shareholders and society in general. So, will it be right for the government to be over-prescriptive fixative for this? If CSR mandates are directed and implemented in the right direction, one could see the world to a superior level of corporate governance and social responsibility or vice-versa. Therefore, this paper is an attempt to understand the extent to which the new mandate on CSR under Companies Act of 2013 as a socially responsible initiative is competent enough to bring forth changes in our social and environmental aspects to address the gaps and find out remedial actions to see that deprivation is less and poor people are capable of sustenance. The study provides a generalperspective about the new CSR mandate 2013 in India through a survey of approximately 50 companies of varied sectors such as pharmaceuticals, biotech firms, NGO-s or Non Governmental Organizations, Information Technology, telecom and others. Correlation analyses have been used to study the inter-relationship between the new CSR mandate and the socio-economic, legal and financial as well as the environmental dimensions if implemented well.

‘Come, Make in India’, India’s Prime Minister has invited global firms to invest and manufacture in India and also to promote exports. As with this campaign, India has given a scope of promising growth to the companies which is also been seen to solve India’s multiple economic problems. Many countries have shown their interest to invest in India and one of them is South Korea. Now the question arises whether companies from South Korea in this competitive environment can mark their presence in India — a nation of cultural diversity, which can affect the initial start-ups, if ignored. Apart from the historical cultural ties, there are cross-cultural differences between South Korea and India. So, this paper aims to build up a study that brings together the parity and cross-cultural differences between South Korea and India. The paper opens with the discussion about the various historical, cultural and poetic relations to describe the scenario between the two countries, whereas for the analysis, a macro-meso-micro framework has been used to answer the research question. The three-level analysis helps this paper to see the overlooked influence of culture from a broader perspective. The results of the study reveal a list of cultural adaptations suited for South Korean start-ups to run businesses in India by avoiding the cultural threats and contribute to the existing literature. The study findings could be used by companies, marketers and practitioners to devise and re-vamp their strategies in India, and it will also serve as a cultural guide for them.

Technological advancement has eased international business. Today virtual teams (VTs) rely heavily on technology and lacks traditional method of face to face communication, which causes challenges for the team members, inclusive of this think of culturally diverse members or members from two or more different countries in a virtual team, how challenging it will be? Therefore in regards to this, our study aims to identify the various cross cultural challenges which affect the business and team performance. The study emphasize on the challenges which arise due to national culture differences by using the extant literature for the time period 2000 to 2013. The findings of the study discloses the list of cultural challenges which are being witnessed by the members of these virtual teams also explores the hidden/overlooked influence of individual cultural values on social interaction that leads to a chain of cultural challenges. In addition, authors propose a conceptual framework depicting the cross cultural challenges and their impact on the team which can be further tested. This study will be useful to get deep insights of the virtual teams which will prove beneficial for the global leaders and members of various functional teams. This is an original work and no earlier study has emphasized on this hidden influence of culture.

Online shopping is a recent phenomenon in the field of E-business and is definitely going to be the future of shopping in India. Though online shopping is very common outside India, its growth in Indian Market, which is a large and strategic consumer market, is still not in line with the global market. The potential growth of online shopping has triggered the idea of conducting a study on online shopping in India. The study has used factor analysis, correlation and multiple regressions to analyse the impact of various categories of factors and variables on online shopping behaviour of consumers. The data were collected from five metropolitan cities of India assuming high internet diffusion rate, like Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Hyderabad and Bangalore, through in-depth interviews and questionnaires on a sample of 41 and 580, respectively. The results support that online shopping behaviour was impacted by four major factors—psychographics, online shopping feature and policies, technological and security factors. The most significant variables under these four categories of factors influencing online shopping behaviour of consumers were quality of product, option of comparison, privacy and safety, representativeness of product's pictures and colours. The results of the study could be used by marketers across the countries to revamp their strategies for Indian consumers, and researchers and practitioners could use it for conducting future studies in the similar area.