The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed significant vulnerabilities in Indonesia's food security, highlighting the need for more strategic agricultural budget allocation. This study addresses the issue of inadequate budgeting techniques that fail to effectively support food production and distribution during crises. The primary objective is to develop a tailored framework that optimises budget allocations to strengthen Indonesia's food security in the face of socio-economic and geographical challenges. Using a multi-dimensional research approach, the study involves key stakeholders from the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Finance, and the Ministry of National Development Planning, employing methods such as in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and data collection from primary and secondary sources. The research utilises the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) with the Expert Choice 2000 program to systematically evaluate decision-making options. Findings reveal the necessity of a resilient framework that balances short-term emergency responses with long-term strategies, focusing on increasing production capacity, improving seed quality, expanding land availability, and adopting advanced agricultural technologies. The study contributes to the policy landscape by offering a structured agricultural budgeting framework and policy recommendations aimed at mitigating disruptions, enhancing productivity, and supporting sustainable agricultural practices. It also emphasizes the importance of sensitivity analysis in budget planning to inform strategic decisions. The study recommended targeted investments in production capacity, a reevaluation of rice import regulations, and the adoption of innovative technologies to ensure a resilient and sustainable food system in Indonesia.

Farmer cooperatives represent a vertical coordination strategy aimed at reducing transaction costs and facilitating the adoption of technologies among farmers. In their roles, cooperatives undertake internal coordination of activities which may include enforcement measures, provision of quality inputs, internal control, and negotiation of favourable terms of exchange with buyers. However, limited attention has been given to understanding how cooperatives’ performance in the internal coordination of activities either promotes or hinders the continued adoption of agricultural technologies among cooperative members. We conducted a case study of the dairy sector in West Java, Indonesia, and utilised a mixed-method approach combining insight from dairy cooperative board members and dairy farming households. Our results suggest that the dis-adoption of dairy technologies is rooted in weak or non-existent monitoring and enforcement mechanisms to ensure input and output quality, the absence of price incentives, and inadequate provision of extension services. Furthermore, the lack of tight monitoring and control mechanisms reduces the cooperatives’ bargaining power with input providers and milk buyers. Unless these issues within the cooperatives are addressed, continued adoption of recommended dairy farming practices by smallholder farmers will not be sustained.

Purpose This study examined the effects of adopting dairy feed technology bundles on the milk production of smallholder dairy farmers. Design/methodology/approach The study was based on Multinomial Endogenous Switching Regression (MESR) to estimate the effects of the adoption of three feed technology bundles on milk production using data collected from 518 dairy farm households in West Java, Indonesia. Findings The findings indicated that adopting technology bundles had positive and robust effects on milk production, with gradual positive effects between non-adoption and the adoption of different bundles of technologies. Research limitations/implications This study focused on the association between the adoption of feed technology bundles and milk production. However, further analysis of the causal links between the adoption of feed technologies and milk production as well as the inclusion of other outcomes in the analysis, such as production costs and risk mitigation, are required. Originality/value Most of the literature on agricultural technology adoption focuses on the adoption of individual technologies, crop farming and conservation practices. Therefore, this study examined the effects of the adoption of dairy feed technology bundles.

This study aims to understand and profile smallholder farmers' technology adoption status. We collected cross-sectional data from 600 smallholder dairy farming households in West Java, Indonesia. A Latent class cluster analysis identified two unique clusters of smallholder dairy farmers based on patterns in their adoption status of multiple dairy farming technologies. Cluster 1 (Low awareness/low adoption) had significantly lower awareness of all technologies, and among the "aware" farmers, technology adoption rates were also significantly lower compared to Cluster 2 (High awareness/high adoption). The Low awareness/low adoption cluster was older, had less formal education, managed fewer dairy cows, had less productive and less profitable dairy enterprises, lived further away from their cooperative and farmer group leader, and had fewer contacts with dairy extension staff. Farmers' responses to questions regarding reasons underpinning nonadoption decisions suggest that farmers face multilayered and heterogenous constraints to adopting dairy technologies. This insight can assist government, policymakers, and development professionals in designing technology dissemination programs that meet the unique characteristics of subgroups of farmers, ultimately improving the adoption of technologies. [EconLit Citations: Q12, Q16].

This paper demonstrates the climate change consequences on agricultural sector in the scope of agricultural market and socioeconomic. Agricultural output and food prices would change as the climate change may negatively affect the agricultural input. The implication of climate change on the food security pillars is discussed. It is proposed to apply farming integration system by cultivating local crops that do not harm the environment, which could be developed by local people. Good infrastructure and implementation of research and innovation would be beneficial to deal with the impacts of climate change to promote sustainable economic growth, social development and environment.

Brown sugar produced from sugarcane is a promising business for small-scale farmers, which can create employment, improve farmers’ incomes, and contribute to land conservation with the use of appropriate technology. The potential is explored through the utilization of marginal land to cultivate sugarcane and to create value-added from producing brown sugarcane. By using a case study in Wajo District, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, the results show that the investment value of brown sugar processing unit is varied between IDR 75 and 750 million with milling capacity 7-50 TCD (tons of cane day) or equivalent to IDR 3-5 million per hectare and sugarcane plantation investment IDR 4-7 million per hectare. Additionally, sugarcane farming is able to create two job opportunities per hectare, one person in the plantation and one person in the processing unit. The gross value of brown sugar production is around IDR 42-90 million/hectare, with a 10 percent brown sugarcane conversion factor and 60-90 tons of cane per hectare.

A partnership is a form of pooling of different resources to generate a greater output. It is widely applied to small scale economic development, including rice farms. The objective of the study is to analyze the pattern of partnership among enterprises in the input rice agribusiness. This study was conducted on two villages that are affected by the lake ecosystem in Sabbangparu Sub-district, Wajo District, South Sulawesi Province with by 70 farmers selected using simple random sampling. The result indicated that the partnership in rice farming could develop because it is supported by the availability of irrigation services and activity on the risk-sharing of crop failure due to flooding. Water and production inputs are two basic needs that can be met; the easiness, efficiency, and risk-sharing of rice farming management can be realized; and the limited capital and frequent flooding problems can be overcome through a partnership system. The partnership model on various food commodities can be developed to improve the welfare of farmers and increase the income of the agricultural sector and region.

Environmental degradation is increasingly threatened in line with the higher pressure on natural resources in an effort to liven up food production and biofuel energy. Food cannot be substituted by other products and can only be expanded through agronomic technology development, while energy can be generated from various sources, including by converting food into biofuels. Food and energy can be developed in Indonesia that has potential on the local endowment to produce food, generate primary energy (solar, wind, and water), and utilise new source renewable energy. In Indonesia, food and energy can be improved with enormous potency on local endowment to mount food production, produce primary energy (solar, wind, and water), as well as finding a new platform of renewable energy sources. Local or native food and the provision of alternative energy sources can encourage economic activity in local communities and promote bargaining positions in the global economy. Development on local food and alternative energy can be done by paying attention the use of local resource, function and role of community development and local organizations to support rural economic development and sustainable agriculture.

Abstract This study describes the problem of high dependency on rice consumption in Papua while Papua has several local foods as alternative sources of carbohydrate. The study focuses on Papua province as the region that has many potential on local-non rice food like corn, cassava, and sweet potatoes, which then selected as the study objects. A ten-year series of data from 2006 to 2015 was obtained from BPS (Central Bureau of Statistics) and analyzed in this study. The results show that the development of local food was relatively slower in Papua Province compared to the national level, except for fish development. It is observed that the program to increase rice production is very intensive while the program to increase local food production has not been a concern of the local government. Programs to increase production, develop cultivation, production, and processing technologies are biased to rice production, resulting in the food diversification program trough local food development is likely difficult to be realized. Papua Province has a comparative advantage in local food because it is supported by the potential of natural resources and the culture of local community. Local food must be encouraged and promoted as–a major, healthy food source and at the same time, support the realization of food diversification programs in Indonesia.