The present experiment was designed to study the effect of dietary incorporation of eucalyptus leaf powder on the average weekly feed intake and egg production of commercial laying hens. A 12-week feeding experiment was conducted on 72 White Leghorn laying chickens of 28 weeks of age. Hens were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups, each having 18 birds and three replicates of six birds. Four treatments were included as a control (T1): basal diet, (T2): Incorporation of 0.3% eucalyptus leaf powder in the basal diet containing phytase, (T3): Incorporation of 0.45% eucalyptus leaf powder in the basal diet containing phytase, (T4): incorporation of 0. 6% eucalyptus leaf powder in the basal diet containing phytase. Daily feed intake and egg production were recorded. The results revealed that Supplementing Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus Globulus) Leaf powder did not affect the cumulative performance of laying hens in terms of feed intake and egg production (P>0.05). Based on the above findings, it was determined that adding 0.3 percent eucalyptus leaf powder to the basal diet containing phytase improves egg production. Furthermore, because Eucalyptus leaves can be procured at no cost, their incorporation is cost-effective and can help reduce feed expenditures.

A feeding trial was conducted to discern the influence of dietary incorporation of neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf powder on growth performance and haemato-biochemical parameters ofJapanese quail for 6 weeks. A metabolic trial was conducted during the last week of the feeding trial to assess nutrient utilization. A total number of 144-day-old chicks of Japanese quail were randomly assigned into four treatment groups, with 36 Japanese quail per treatment having three replicates of 12 birds each. Birds of treatment T1 (control group ) were fed a basal diet (starter and finisher), whereas in treatment groups T2, T3, and T4, the basal diet was incorporated with 0.25%, 0.50%, and 1.00% neem leaf powder, respectively. Results showed supplementation of 0.25% neem leaf powder improved the performance of Japanese quail in terms of body weight gain and performance index during the whole trial period. Nutrient utilization among various treatment groups was similar. The hematological values showed no significant a lterations i n d ifferent groups. Th e biochemical attributes among the treatment groups were similar, but a considerable decrease in the level of cholesterol and glucose was observed with an increasing level of neem leaf powder in the diet. Activities of ALT, AST, and ALP were lowest in the T4 group. It can be concluded that 1 percent neem leaf powder can be supplemented in feed for good health status and desired performance of the birds.

The present experiment was planned to ascertain the effect of dietary incorporation of chili (Capsicum annuum) leaf powder on production performance and egg quality parameters of Rhode Island Red laying hens of 28 weeks of age for a period of 12 weeks. Hens were individually weighed and then randomly assigned into four treatment groups with three replicates of 6 birds each viz., T1: (control, containing basal diet); T2: Incorporation of 0.5% chili leaf powder in basal diet; T3: Incorporation of 1.5% chili leaf powder in basal diet; T4: Incorporation of 2.5% chili leaf powder in basal diet. The results indicated that egg production and feed conversion ratio were not significantly affected. However, overall average feed intake significantly (P<0.05) reduced in hens supplemented with 2.5% chili leaf powder. Egg quality parameters viz., egg weight, shape index, shell weight percentage and shell thickness of eggs, egg albumen quality such as albumen height, albumen weight and Haugh unit were statistically similar among all the groups. The egg yolk quality parameters including yolk weight, yolk percentage, yolk index, yolk cholesterol and yolk triglycerides did not differ significantly among different treatment groups, however, egg yolk colour was significantly (P<0.05) improved in T4 group, compared to T1 group. While, egg yolk colour in treatment groups T1, T2 and T3 showed no significant difference. To conclude, supplementation of chilli leaf powder @ 2.5% can be used to improve egg yolk colour.

Milk is an integral part of human and animal newborn nutrition and has drawn the attention of food technologists, physicians, and biochemists. Milk is regarded as a wholesome food and food filled with different beneficial nutrients. Via dietary alterations of milch animals, the milk composition can be changed in order to enhance human wellbeing. Milk with changed constituents has many human health applications.