Ultra Low Frequency (ULF) waves with periods of ∼10–1,000 s can lead to space weather impacts such as induced electrical currents in power grids, thus it is important to understand the factors controlling wave dynamics. This is challenging, however, as waves (1) are affected by multiple factors simultaneously, (2) are non-stationary which in some cases precludes use of identification methods that assume stationarity, (3) can occur in superposition with each other making them difficult to separate and identify. Past studies have addressed these challenges through combined audiovisual analysis tools to identify complex but recurring patterns in ULF wave activity that eluded standard visual inspection and automated detection algorithms, as well as through crowd-sourced wave identification. The “Heliophysics Audified: Resonances in Plasmas” NASA citizen science project follows these studies by deploying a Graphical User Interface (GUI) for crowd-sourced ULF wave identification to a large online audience before and during the Heliophysics Big Year (HBY). In this study, we discuss the initial development, beta testing, and deployment of the GUI in April 2023. We further discuss the key initial scientific findings of the HARP project, in particular the discovery by volunteers of anomalous standing Alfvén wave activity with frequency increasing with distance from the Earth. Finally, we discuss participant impacts and lessons learned, as well broader impacts beyond the scope of the original project such as collaborations with museums and musicians. We place these results in context with previous work and discuss implications for future studies.

Heliophysics and space weather research encompass the effects of solar output on practically the entire Solar System and are fundamentally cross-disciplinary. Cross-domain science investigations, such as in Sun-heliosphere interactions, solar wind-magnetosphere interactions, or magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling, often require the use of data, models, and other digital resources pertaining to different heliophysical domains: the Sun, the solar wind, the magnetosphere, the ionosphere, the thermosphere and the mesosphere. Due to differences in measurement platforms, techniques and instruments, heliophysics data obtained from different domains are diverse and complex, making the resource landscape difficult for untrained users to navigate. Without proper and adequate guidance from domain experts, it is often difficult for early-career scientists and non-domain experts to discover useful datasets and to know from where and how to obtain and understand the data they need to support their research. This paper describes the roles of metadata in providing the identification, location, access protocol, and detailed content description of a digital resource. More specifically, we point out that metadata written according to the Space Physics Archive Search and Extract (SPASE) metadata model are fully compatible with the FAIR principles so that digital resources described using the SPASE model can be uniformly Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable. SPASE metadata can thus be the key element, the lingua franca so to speak, that enables unfettered information flow between data systems and services throughout the heliophysics data environment and lowers the understandability barrier of the resources to ensure their independent usability. After describing various components of the heliophysics data environment, their metadata requirements for effective operations, and some essential features of the SPASE metadata model, we then illustrate how metadata in SPASE can enable or facilitate the performance of different science tasks. The current status and future outlook of SPASE are also presented.

<p>The changing conditions in near-Earth space cause space weather. This poses a risk to our everyday lives through the technology we rely upon through impacts on crucial power, communications, navigation, and transport systems. Analogues of sound in the space plasmas around our planet, known as Ultra Low Frequency (ULF) waves, are one means by which energy is circulated from the solar wind to the radiation belt, auroral, and ionospheric regions. Time-series data of ULF waves is often analysed visually, however, such data lends itself more naturally to our sense of sound. Guided by experts in audio, citizen science, and public engagement, we have developed sonification tools that render ULF waves audible. Alongside this, a graphical user interface has been developed, enabling citizen scientists to highlight signals within this audible data that standard methods can struggle to identify. These efforts are part of a NASA-funded pilot project called HARP (Heliophysics Audified Resonances in Plasmas), where high-school students and members of the public contribute to space weather science through listening. We provide an overview of how we carefully developed and tested this citizen science project before launching it publicly.</p>

Space weather affects all space systems, both natural and artificial.There is a rapid growth of awareness in past decades of this reality and a critical need for space weather prediction due to technology advances.Above all, space weather science and its history are outstanding vehicles for teaching science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) topics.As a white paper group, we recommend that the Decadal Survey builds space weather literacy within K-14 classrooms and the general public, covering all areas of studies in heliophysics through sustained engagement beyond celestial and spacecraft events.

Earth and Space Science Open Archive PosterOpen AccessYou are viewing the latest version by default [v1]Standardizing Access to Heliophysics Data - HAPI Specification Updates and Some New Usages for Cloud and Model DataAuthorsJonVandegriffiDEricWinteriDAlexAntunesBrentSmithiDRobertWeigeliDJeremyFadenD AaronRobertsiDRobertCandeyiDEricGrimesScottBoardseniDBernardHarrisToddKingSee all authors Jon VandegriffiDCorresponding Author• Submitting AuthorJohns Hopkins University Applied Physics LaboratoryiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0781-1565view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressEric WinteriDApplied Physics Laboratory Johns HopkinsiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5226-2107view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressAlex AntunesJohns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratoryview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressBrent SmithiDApplied Physics Laboratory Johns HopkinsiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4736-4827view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressRobert WeigeliDGeorge Mason UniversityiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9521-5228view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressJeremy FadenSelf Employedview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressD Aaron RobertsiDNASA Goddard SFCiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6565-2921view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressRobert CandeyiDNASA Goddard Space Flight CntriDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4698-8769view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressEric GrimesAuburn Universityview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressScott BoardseniDNASA GSFCiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5240-044Xview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressBernard HarrisNASA Goddard Space Flight Centerview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressTodd KingUCLA/ESSview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email address

In order to improve access to the data and models of the Heliophysics System Observatory (HSO) and NASA-funded research projects, the NASA Heliophysics archive and modeling groups are collaborating to create a Heliophysics Digital Resources Library (HDRL) for improved cross-mission and observation-model comparison, machine learning and other large-scale and collaborative analysis, increased discoverability and usability of data and model results, software and services, and more complete metadata and provenance and quality control.Observational data are archived and served by the Solar Data Analysis Center (SDAC) and the Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF).The Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC) provides empirical and first-principles simulations and analysis and display tools.A number of largely cross-cutting registry, access, and analysis standards and tools are provided by the Heliophysics Data and Model Consortium (HDMC).As part of this effort, SPDF, as the active and final archive for non-solar NASA Heliophysics data, works with current operating missions and the Heliophysics community to ingest, preserve and serve a wide range of past and current public science-quality data from the mesosphere into the furthest reach of deep-space exploration.SPDF facilitates scientific analysis of multi-instrument and multi-mission datasets to enhance the science return of the many missions.SPDF develops and maintains the Common Data Format (CDF) and the associated ISTP/SPDF metadata guidelines.SPDF services include CDAWeb, which supports both survey and burst mode data with graphics, listings and data superset/subset functions.SPDF is currently receiving and serving data from missions including Parker Solar Probe, Solar Orbiter, MMS, Van Allen Probes, THEMIS/ARTEMIS, GOLD, ICON, ACE, Cluster, IBEX, Voyager, Geotail, Wind and many others, and >120 Ground-Based investigations.SPDF also operates the multi-mission orbit displays and query services of SSCWeb and 4D Orbit Viewer, as well as the Heliophysics Data Portal (HDP) discipline-wide data inventory and access service, and OMNIWeb and COHOWeb for near-Earth and deep-space solar wind plasma, magnetic field, and energetic particle database, respectively.

Heliophysics data analysis often involves combining diverse science measurements, many of them captured as time series. Although there are now only a few commonly used data file formats, the diversity in mechanisms for automated access to and aggregation of such data holdings can make analysis that requires intercomparison of data from multiple data providers difficult. The Heliophysics Application Programmer's Interface (HAPI) is a recently developed standard for accessing distributed time series data to increase interoperability. The HAPI specification is based on the common elements of existing data services, and it standardizes the two main parts of a data service: the request interface and the response data structures. The interface is based on the REpresentational State Transfer (REST) or RESTful architecture style, and the HAPI specification defines five required REST endpoints. Data are returned via a streaming format that hides file boundaries; the metadata is detailed enough for the content to be scientifically useful, e.g., plotted with appropriate axes layout, units, and labels. Multiple mature HAPI‐related open‐source projects offer server‐side implementation tools and client‐side libraries for reading HAPI data in multiple languages (IDL, Java, MATLAB, and Python). Multiple data providers in the US and Europe have added HAPI access alongside their existing interfaces. Based on this experience, data can be served via HAPI with little or no information loss compared to similar existing web interfaces. Finally, HAPI has been recommended as a COSPAR standard for time series data delivery.

The Heliophysics Application Programmer’s Interface (HAPI) represents a grass-roots effort to develop a common interface that data providers can use to offer time series data for computer-to-computer data access. Multiple data centers with Heliophysics and Planetary data are adopting this emerging standard. Several scientific analysis packages (Autoplot, SPEDAS) seamlessly pull from HAPI servers, and we have created and are enhancing Python libraries that can be used to read HAPI data into useful data structures within personalized analysis code. The HAPI specification and supporting software are available on GitHub. We will discuss the latest developments of the HAPI specification, current server and client implementations, all in the context of the push for increased interoperability within Heliophysics and Planetary data analysis. https://hapi-server.github.io/

Earth and Space Science Open Archive PosterOpen AccessYou are viewing the latest version by default [v1]Parker Solar Probe In-Situ Data at the SPDF ArchivesAuthors Robert Candey iD Dieter Bilitza iD Reine Chimiak John Cooper iD Leonard Garcia Codie Gladney Bernard Harris Lan Jian iD Rita Johnson iD Tamara Kovalick Nand Lal Howard Leckner Michael Liu Robert McGuire iD Natalia Papitashvili Uthra Rao D Aaron Roberts Ronald Yurow See all authors Robert CandeyiDCorresponding AuthorNASA Goddard Space Flight CenteriDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4698-8769view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressDieter BilitzaiDNASA Goddard Space Flight CenteriDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6551-2929view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressReine ChimiakNASA Goddard Space Flight Centerview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressJohn CooperiDNASA Goddard Space Flight CenteriDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4832-7320view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressLeonard GarciaSGT, Inc.view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressCodie GladneyADNET Systems Inc. Greenbeltview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressBernard HarrisNASA Goddard Space Flight Centerview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressLan JianiDNASA Goddard Space Flight CenteriDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6849-5527view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressRita JohnsoniDADNET Systems Inc. GreenbeltiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5828-1744view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressTamara KovalickADNET Systems Inc. Greenbeltview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressNand LalNASA Goddard Space Flight Centerview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressHoward LecknerNASA Goddard Space Flight Centerview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressMichael LiuADNET Systems Inc. Greenbeltview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressRobert McGuireiDNASA Goddard Space Flight CenteriDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0857-918Xview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressNatalia PapitashviliADNET Systems Inc. Greenbeltview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressUthra RaoADNET Systems Inc. Greenbeltview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressD Aaron RobertsNASA Goddard Space Flight Centerview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressRonald YurowADNET Systems Inc. Greenbeltview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email address

Earth and Space Science Open Archive PosterOpen AccessYou are viewing the latest version by default [v1]Update on Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) Data Archives and ServicesAuthorsRobertCandeyiDDieterBilitzaiDReineChimiakJohnCooperiDLeonardGarciaBernardHarrisLanJianiDRitaJohnsoniDTamaraKovalickNandLalHowardLecknerMichaelLiuSonyaLyatskyiDRobertMcGuireiDNataliaPapitashviliUthraRaoD AaronRobertsRonaldYurowSee all authors Robert CandeyiDCorresponding Author• Submitting AuthorNASA Goddard Space Flight CenteriDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4698-8769view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressDieter BilitzaiDNASA Goddard Space Flight CenteriDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6551-2929view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressReine ChimiakNASA Goddard Space Flight Centerview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressJohn CooperiDNASA Goddard Space Flight CenteriDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4832-7320view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressLeonard GarciaNASA Goddard Space Flight Centerview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressBernard HarrisNASA Goddard Space Flight Centerview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressLan JianiDNASA Goddard Space Flight CenteriDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6849-5527view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressRita JohnsoniDNASA Goddard Space Flight CenteriDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5828-1744view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressTamara KovalickNASA Goddard Space Flight Centerview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressNand LalNASA Goddard Space Flight Centerview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressHoward LecknerNASA Goddard Space Flight Centerview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressMichael LiuNASA Goddard Space Flight Centerview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressSonya LyatskyiDNASA Goddard Space Flight CenteriDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6586-6188view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressRobert McGuireiDNASA Goddard Space Flight CenteriDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0857-918Xview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressNatalia PapitashviliNASA Goddard Space Flight Centerview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressUthra RaoNASA Goddard Space Flight Centerview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressD Aaron RobertsNASA Goddard Space Flight Centerview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressRonald YurowADNET Systems Inc.view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email address

Earth and Space Science Open Archive posterOpen AccessYou are viewing the latest version by default [v1]Standardizing Time Series Data Access across Heliophysics and Planetary Data Centers using HAPIAuthorsJonVandegriffiDRobertWeigeliDJeremyFadenD AaronRobertsToddKingBernardHarrisEricGrimesScottBoardseniDRobertCandeyiDNandLalDouglasLindholmChristopherLindholmIn SookMoonLawrenceBrowniDSee all authors Jon VandegriffiDCorresponding Author• Submitting AuthorJohns Hopkins University Applied Physics LaboratoryiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0781-1565view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressRobert WeigeliDGeorge Mason UniversityiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9521-5228view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressJeremy FadenSelf Employedview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressD Aaron RobertsNASA Goddard SFCview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressTodd KingUCLA/ESSview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressBernard HarrisNASA Goddard Space Flight Cntrview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressEric GrimesUCLAview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressScott BoardseniDNASA Goddard SFCiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5240-044Xview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressRobert CandeyiDNASA Goddard Space Flight CenteriDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4698-8769view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressNand LalNASA Goddard Space Flight Centerview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressDouglas LindholmLaboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physicsview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressChristopher LindholmLaboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physicsview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressIn Sook MoonUCLA/EPSSview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressLawrence BrowniDApplied Physics Laboratory Johns HopkinsiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9171-0862view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email address

With the advent of the Heliophysics/Geospace System Observatory (H/GSO), acomplement of multi-spacecraft missions and ground-based observatories to study the space environment, data retrieval, analysis, and visualization of space physics data can be daunting. The Space Physics Environment Data Analysis System (SPEDAS), agrass-roots software development platform (www.spedas.org), is now officially supported by NASA Heliophysics as part of its data environment infrastructure. It serves more than a dozen space missions and ground observatories and can integrate the full complement of past and upcoming space physics missions with minimal resources, following clear, simple, and well-proven guidelines. Free, modular and configurable to the needs of individual missions, it works in both command-line (ideal for experienced users) and Graphical User Interface (GUI) mode (reducing the learning curve for first-time users). Both options have crib-sheets, user-command sequences in ASCII format that can facilitate record-and-repeat actions, especially for complex operations and plotting. Crib-sheets enhance scientific interactions, as users can move rapidly and accurately from exchanges of technical information on data processing to efficient discussions regarding data interpretation and science. SPEDAS can readily query and ingest all International Solar Terrestrial Physics (ISTP)-compatible products from the Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF), enabling access to a vast collection of historic and current mission data. The planned incorporation of Heliophysics Application Programmer's Interface (HAPI) standards will facilitate data ingestion from distributed datasets that adhere to these standards. Although SPEDAS is currently Interactive Data Language (IDL)-based (and interfaces to Java-based tools such as Autoplot), efforts are under-way to expand it further to work with python (first as an interface tool and potentially even receiving an under-the-hood replacement). We review the SPEDAS development history, goals, and current implementation. We explain its modes of use with examples geared for users and outline its technical implementation and requirements with software developers in mind. We also describe SPEDAS personnel and software management, interfaces with other organizations, resources and support structure available to the community, and future development plans.

The ability to access time series data with one API would significantly enhance science data interoperability. The Heliophysics Application Programmers Interface (HAPI) is a simple, standardized me...

The Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) has developed and/or leveraged standardized self-describing data formats, metadata for datasets and parameters, time conventions, and dataset and filenaming conventions that enable effective data analysis and browsing using generic easy-to-use software and web services. Software and services include SPDF’s CDAWeb , and external tools such as Autoplot and SPEDAS IDL library. Standards and conventions include: datasets and filenaming and , the CDF scientific data format (including its new Python library ), the ISTP/IACG/SPDF Guidelines for global and variable attributes , time variable types , and the SKTeditor metadata creation tool . The SPASE standards for describing datasets for easy searching are crucial to the Heliophysics Data Portal .

ViSBARD software provides a way of visualizing multiple vector and scalar quantities as measured by many spacecraft at once. The data are displayed three-dimensionally along the orbits that may be shown either as connected lines or as points. The data display allows the rapid determination of vector configurations, correlations among many measurements at multiple points, and global relationships. Things such as vector field rotations and dozens of simultaneous variables are very difficult to see in (complementary) panel plot representations. The current and next generations of space physics missions require a means to display from tens to hundreds of time series of data in such a way that the mind can comprehend them for the purposes of browsing data, retrieving them in directly useful form, and analyzing them in a global context. Sets of many spacecraft, each carrying many instruments yielding nearly continuous data at high time resolution, have become one of the most effective ways to make progress in understanding the extended, ionized (plasma) atmosphere of the Earth and the Sun. For large collections of data to be effective, they must be extremely readily accessible, with simple, comprehensible overviews of what is available. ViSBARD provides a means to answer these concerns. The ViSBARD package also acts as a remote repository browser; an interface to a Virtual Observatory. Therefore, data can be pulled directly into the application, as opposed to searching for it and downloading separately.