(3-Tert-butyl-7-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)-2-(1-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ylmethoxy)pyrazolo[1,5-d] [1,2,4]triazine was recently identified as a functionally selective, inverse agonist at the benzodiazepine site of GABA(A) alpha5-containing receptors, which enhances performance in animal models of cognition. The routes of metabolism of this compound in rat, dog, rhesus monkey and human in vitro systems, and in vivo in rat, dog and rhesus monkey have been characterized. The current study demonstrates that both a cytosolic oxidative reaction and cytochrome P450 play important roles in the metabolism of the compound. Chemical inhibition studies showed the oxidation in human cytosol to be catalysed predominantly by aldehyde oxidase rather than the related enzyme, xanthine oxidase. The aldehyde oxidase-mediated metabolites were present in vitro and in vivo in both rat and rhesus monkey, and also in vitro in man. They were absent both in vitro and in vivo in dog.

(3-tert-Butyl-7-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)-2-(1-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ylmethoxy)pyrazolo[1,5-d][1,2,4]triazine (1) was recently identified as a functionally selective, inverse agonist at the benzodiazepine site of GABA(A) alpha 5 receptors and enhances performance in animal models of cognition. The routes of metabolism of this compound in vivo in rat have been well characterised, the identities of the major metabolites are confirmed by synthesis and their biological profiles were evaluated. An unusual oxidation of the pyrazolo[1,5-d][1,2,4]triazine core to the corresponding pyrazolo[1,5-d][1,2,4]triazin-4(5H)-one scaffold by aldehyde oxidase has been observed. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A series of bicyclic heteroaryl ring systems was considered as a replacement for the 3-cyclopentyloxy-4-methoxyphenyl moiety in rolipram resulting in the discovery of 8-methoxyquinoline-5-carboxamides as potent inhibitors of phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4).

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A series of 3-(4-piperidinyl)- and 3-(8-aza-bicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-yl)-2-phenyl-1H-indoles have been prepared and evaluated as ligands for the h5-HT2A receptor. 3-(8-Phenethyl-8-aza-bicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-yl)-2-phenyl-1H-indole is a high-affinity (1.2nM), selective (>800 fold over h5-HT2C and hD2 receptors) antagonist at the h5-HT2A receptor with oral bioavailability in rats.

The synthesis and pharmacological profile of a novel series of 7-methoxybenzofuran-4-carboxamides is described. Some of these compounds were found to be potent inhibitors of phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4).

A series of novel selective phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors has been developed which displays activity both in vitro and in vivo. These compounds possess good selectivity for the catalytic site of PDE4 over the high affinity Rolipram binding site. In vivo studies demonstrate a reduced propensity to display the emetic side effects which are commonly observed with PDE4 inhibitors.

This paper describes the design of a fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) piping system which transports groundwater extracted from 43 wells at the site of a former chemical manufacturing plant in Toms River, New Jersey. This system conveys an average flow of 2.7 million gallons per day of groundwater contaminated with aromatics, chlorinated hydrocarbons and metals through seven miles of pipeline to a biological and physical treatment plant. The piping system, shown in Figure 1 exceeds the scale typically seen in most groundwater remediation projects, with respect to length, number of wells and volume of water treated. The groundwater extraction system is a manifold piping network that consists of the 43 wells and associated pumps, piping and controls and is capable of conveying 150% of the average flow. All piping within plant boundaries is above ground. Offsite piping is installed below ground and is double walled. Leak detection devices are installed below ground in manways along the buried pipe route. Discharge piping from well pumps is tied into manifolds which go to the groundwater treatment plant. This paper describes design choices significantly affecting the system construction, piping system components, design procedures and significant lessons learned in the construction of the system. System design commenced in 1993, was completed in 1995 and system construction was finished in 1996.