We propose a method to assign vivid colors to regions of an oversegmented image. We restrict the output colors to those found in an input palette, and seek to preserve the recognizability of structure in the image. Our strategy is to match the color distances between the colors of adjacent regions with the color differences between the assigned palette colors; thus, assigned colors may be very far from the original colors, but both large local differences (edges) and small ones (uniform areas) are maintained. We use the widest path algorithm on a graph-based structure to obtain a spanning tree over the set of regions, then traverse the tree to assign colors in a greedy fashion. Our method produces vivid recolorings of region-based abstraction using arbitrary palettes. We demonstrate a set of stylizations that can be generated by our algorithm.

In this work, we implement a relatively new analytical technique, the Improved Amplitude-Frequency Formulation (IAFF) method, approach for solving accurate approximate analytical solutions for strong nonlinear oscillators, which may contain high nonlinear terms. This method can be used to obtain analytic and approximate solutions of different types of fractional differential equations applied in engineering mathematics. The solutions obtained are compared with those obtained by the Harmonic balance method (HBM) and Exact method, showing excellent agreement. We find that these attained solutions are not only with high degree of accuracy, but also uniformly valid in the whole solution domain which are so simple-to-do and effective.

We propose a region-based abstraction of a photograph, where the image plane is covered by overlapping irregularly shaped regions that approximate the image content. We segment regions using a novel region growth algorithm intended to produce highly irregular regions that still respect image edges, different from conventional segmentation methods that encourage compact regions. The final result has reduced detail, befitting abstraction, but still contains some small structures such as highlights; thin features and crooked boundaries are retained, while interior details are softened, yielding a painting-like abstraction effect.

Conventional tone-preserving stippling struggles with extreme-tone regions. Dark regions require immense quantities of stipples, while light regions become littered with stipples that are distracting and, because of their low density, cannot communicate any image features that may be present. We propose a method to address these problems, augmenting existing stippling methods. We will cover dark regions with solid polygons rather than stipples; in light areas, we both preprocess the image to prevent stipple placement in the very lightest areas and postprocess the stipple distribution to remove stipples that contribute little to the image structure. Our modified stipple images have better visual quality than the originals despite using fewer stipples.

Abstraction in non-photorealistic rendering reduces the amount of detail, yet non-essential details can improve visual interest and thus make an image more appealing. In this paper, we propose an automatic system for photo manipulation that brightens an image and alters the detail levels. The process first applies an edge-preserving abstraction process to an input image, then uses the residual to reintroduce and exaggerate details in areas near strong edges. At the same time, image regions further from strong edges are brightened. The final result is a lively mixture of abstraction and enhanced detail.

Nonlinear functions are crucial points and terms in engineering problems. Actual and physical problems can be solved by solving and processing such functions. Thus, most scientists and engineers focus on solving these equations. This paper presents a novel method called the max-min method for presenting an accurate approximate analytical solution to strong nonlinear oscillators. It can solve many linear or nonlinear differential equations without the tangible restriction of sensitivity to the degree of the nonlinear term. It is also quite convenient due to the reduction in the size of calculations. The algorithm suggests a promising approach and is systematically illustrated step by step.

This paper presents an approach for solving accurate approximate analytical solutions for strong nonlinear oscillators called improved amplitude-frequency formulation. For illustrating the accuracy of the method, we also solved equations with He's energy balance method and compared results. New algorithms offer promising approaches, which are useful for nonlinear oscillations. We find that these attained solutions not only benefit from a high degree of accuracy, but are also uniformly valid in the whole solution domain which is so simple to do and effective. The studied equations are the general motion equation and the non-dimensional nonlinear differential equation of motion for the relativistic oscillator, which their solution can be useful for researchers to extend this ability into their other works.

This paper implements He's max–min method to solve accurately strong nonlinear oscillators. Maximal and minimal solution thresholds of a nonlinear problem can be easily found, and an approximate solution of the nonlinear equation can be easily deduced using He Chengtian's interpolation, which has a millennia history. Some typical examples are employed to illustrate its validity, effectiveness, and flexibility.

Four sites were selected in Sale's city in Morocco in order to contribute in air pollution level assessment and determination of its effects on public health. The sites were selected so that they are close to the most important industrialized areas, they have a very high demographic density and they cover a heavy traffic. Two approaches of air sampling and subsequent analysis methods of elements in atmospheric aerosols have been performed. The first is a classical approach, which consists in sampling total airborne materials with a High Volume Sampler and analysing the samples using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The second is having its interest for studies relating effects of particles on human health. It consists in employing a Dichotomous Sampler to collect inhalable particles and the X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) for elemental analysis. With such system, it was possible to collect separately respirable and inhalable aerosols. The ED-XRF analysis method used is appropriate for monitoring airborne polluants in living and working areas with advantage of simple preparation, non-destructive nature, rapidity and suitable limits of detection. Using this method, it was possible to identify and quantify S, Ca, Cl, Fe, Cu, and Ph. With Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy Analysis Method, we quantified Cd. This study have been completed by measuring NOx, SO2 and solid suspended particles or airborne particulate matter (APM).