1 Zhongtai Securities, Institute for Financial Studies, School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan, CHINA. 2 Department of Psychology International Islamic University, Islamabad, PAKISTAN. 3 School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, CHINA. 4 School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, CHINA 5 Department of Health Psychology, School of Nursing, Shandong University, Jinan, CHINA.

This study desired to check a mediation model that measured the relationship between basic psychological needs and mental health by employing psychological distress as a mediating factor in cardiac patients. Total 313 Hospitalized Cardiac patients were chosen from Nishtar Hospital, Multan Pakistan through a purposive sampling technique and they completed a booklet of instruments targeted to measure study variables. Basic Psychological Needs Scale, an 18-item self-report Mental Health Inventory (MHI-18), and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) were used to study the target variables included in the model. A significant relationship is found in basic psychological needs, psychological distress, and mental health in cardiac patients. Results of the mediation model revealed that the relationship between basic psychological needs and anxiety, depression, behavioral control, and positive affect was significantly mediated by psychological distress. The results of the comparison of sub-scales of mental health between male and female cardiac patients reveal a significant difference in the subscales except for depression. The results are on the same track as previous research but the novelty of this research lies in its unique model tested with cardiac patients. Disciplinary: Psychology and Mental Health, Medicine and Cardiology (Cardiovascular Health and Disease). (c) 2020 INT TRANS J ENG MANAG SCI TECH.

Depression and anxiety are highly prevalent in Heart failure patients. The main objective of the study is to check the prevalence of anxiety and depression and associated factors of Heart Failure Patients of South Punjab Pakistan. A sample of 192 Hospital admitted patients whose age range was between 27-71 years were selected from various cardiac hospitals of south Punjab Pakistan for January-July 2017 through a purposive sampling technique. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess the level of depression and anxiety among patients. The social and psychological parameters including family care, gender, and relevant support were identified. Findings revealed a highly significant correlation between the level of anxiety and depression among Hospitalized heart failure patients. According to results anxiety and depression is higher among unmarried and patients with low family care and support. In addition, data has indicated that economic factors associated with poverty mediate the frequency of anxiety and depression. It was determined that approximately 50% and 54% of peoples were involved in anxiety and depression respectively, however, 31% of people were regarded in the borderline of anxiety and depression and most patients were accompanied by heart disease. Furthermore, marital status, the difference in income level also promotes anxiety and depression in patients associated with heart disease. (C) 2020 INT TRANS J ENG MANAG SCI TECH.

The number of factors involved in the development of negative affects among patients suffering in cardiovascular disorder. The psycho-social risk factors, including depressive symptoms, anxiety, exhaustion, anger, and negative affect develop negative emotions in cardiovascular patients. A high positive affect independently relates to decreased cardiovascular disease ratio, whereas low positive affect predicts adverse cardiovascular consequences. The current study aimed to explore the relationship between positivity, positive and negative effects by using perceived stress as a mediating factor among cardiac patients. We recruited 519 cardiac patients aged 20-73 years. All participants provided written informed consent..Assessments included the positivity Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, and Negative and Positive Affect Scale. The results indicated that the perceived stress intermediate between positive and negative affect and stress also negatively affects the emotional relationship. Positivity had an opposite relationship with the negative affect and the perceived stress negative relationship with positive affect. Whereas; the negative affect was a significant positive relationship with perceived stress. The positive emotions are helpful for cardiac patients to reduce the negative feelings which cause to enhance the stress factor. Stress factors can be reduced by patient awareness, using stress prevention strategies and well-being interventions. (C)2020 INT TRANS J ENG MANAG SCI TECH.

The present study aimed to investigate the factors associated with school burn out among high school students in South Punjab. It was hypothesized that high achievement goals and achievement emotions negatively affect the school burnout among students. Data was collected from different high schools situated in Multan, Muzaffargarh, Bahawalpur and Rahim Yar Khan in South Punjab. The sample was consisted of 813 students from which 387 were females and 426 were males. The age range of participants was 14 to 16, with a mean age of 15.5 ± 0.85. The Achievement Goal Questionnaire, Achievement emotions Questionnaire (AEQ) and The Maslach Burnout Inventory–Student Survey were used as the data collection tools. Findings indicated that the investigated variables (i.e., students’ levels of school burnout, achievement goals, and achievement emotions) displayed the expected correlation patterns, with a negative association between high achievement goals, high achievement emotions and school burnout. Furthermore, these correlation patterns were confirmed for both female and male students. Findings revealed that females are higher in the level of performance approach, mastery approach, performance avoidance, class related emotions, learning related emotions and test emotions as compared to males and males are higher in emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and academic efficiency. Findings also indicate that on the family side students from nuclear family systems have higher in performance approach, performance avoidance and class related emotions whereas students from joint family system were higher in emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and academic efficiency. On the public and private school comparison results revealed that students from public schools have higher level of performance approach, mastery approach, class related emotions, learning related emotions and test emotions as compared to students of private schools.

This study aims to explore the effects of dispositional and psychological factors on cardiovascular diseases (CVD) such as personality type ‘A’ and type ‘B’, pessimism, optimism, anxiety, depression and stress in the cardiac patients. Overall 292 adult patients (132 males, and 160 females, 133 from private sector and 159 from public sector job holders) were approached in Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology Multan, Pakistan for survey and Pearson correlation also independent sample t-test was performed to test the objectives of the present study. The results indicate that all the variables are significantly correlated with each other as well as clearly signify the effect of gender and job sector on above-said variables. The findings also reveal that the level of personality type “A”, pessimism, depression, anxiety and stress are higher in females and private job holders therefore more indispose to suffering with cardiovascular diseases, where as the level of personality type “B” and optimism are higher in male patients and public job sectors holders. Type ‘A’ personality is more prone to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), due to its patron of behavior. Moreover, type and nature of job and level of satisfaction also considered as vital as a type of personality in regarding cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Certainly, workplace and environment exert and impact either positive or negative upon the health of an individual.

The study was conducted to investigate the social achievement goals and academic adjustment among college students in Pakistan. These variables were studied with gender and family system. The sample was consisting of 750 students from which 429 were boys and 321 were girls, age range was 15-20 years. Students form joint family system were 585 and 165 students were form nuclear family system. Student Adaption to College Questionnaire (SACQ) developed by Baker and Siryk (1984) and Social Achievement Goals Questionnaire (SAGQ) developed by Ryan and Shim (2006) were used to collect the data. After analyzing the questionnaire responses of the students, this research was highlighted the problems that the students may face while living in a joint family system. Results indicated that boys have more adaptation to college environment and have more social achievement goals as compared to girls. This research was also helping in knowing that the students from nuclear family system have more social achievement and adjustment to college environment as compared to students from joint family system.