呼伦贝尔市位于内蒙古自治区东部,天然草地面积为1126万公顷,可利用草地面积为833万公顷.呼伦贝尔草原鼠害是造成草场退化、沙化,引起春季风沙肆虐的主要原因之一.布氏田鼠在呼伦贝尔草原西部温性典型草原危害最严重,是以洞系为单位群居生活的草原鼠种.

[Objective] The relationships between community characteristics, species diversity, and soil physical and chemical properties of Carex duriuscula in Hulunbeier steppe were analyzed in order to provide a scientific reference for the protection and restoration of grassland ecosystems. [Methods] Ninety-five sample plots typifying the Hulunbeier C. duriuscula steppe were studied. The relationships between community characteristics of four community types and species diversity and soil physical and chemical properties were studied. [Results] ① With regard to the community characteristics, aboveground biomass, species richness, and Shannon-Wiener index were significantly different among the four community types. The community of C. duriuscula-annual and biennial herbs was the highest. With regard to the soil physical and chemical properties, total nitrogen and total phosphorus were the highest in the community of C. duriuscula-rhizome herbs. ② Soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus were significantly positively correlated with above-ground biomass and below-ground biomass in the C. duriuscula-clump herbs community and the C. duriuscula-forbs community. ③ Soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus were significantly negatively correlated with the Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index, and Pielou index in the C. duriuscula-rhizome herbs community and the C. duriuscula-annual and biennial herbs community. [Conclusion] There were differences in community characteristics among the four community types in the C. duriuscula steppe. Soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus were the main factors affecting the differences in community characteristics and species diversity.

以呼伦贝尔非地带性荒漠草原为研究区,分析了不同放牧潜力下植物-土壤生态化学计量变化特征及其耦合关系.结果表明:(1)土壤全磷、植物地上部分磷、氮含量以及植物地下部分氮含量随着放牧潜力的降低而显著增加,土壤碳磷比、氮磷比、植物地上部分碳氮比、碳磷比以及植物地下部分碳氮比变化趋势相反.(2)在高放牧潜力下,植物-土壤生态化学计量之间显著关系数量最少;在中放牧潜力下,植物-土壤生态化学计量特征之间显著关系数量最多;低放牧潜力下的植物生态化学计量特征仅与土壤有机碳及碳氮比的相关关系显著.综上,呼伦贝尔非地带性荒漠草原在中放牧潜力下,植物-土壤生态化学计量特征耦合关系相比于其他阶段最为显著;植物及土壤中的氮、磷元素含量在所有生态化学计量特征中最为关键,尤其是植物根系与土壤生态化学计量特征具有较强的协变关系.

利用专业调查与牧民测报相结合的方式,调查了呼伦贝尔市新巴尔虎右旗、新巴尔虎左旗、陈巴尔虎旗、鄂温克族自治旗和海拉尔区、满洲里及额尔古纳南部、牙克石西部等草原区域草原蝗虫的主要种类及其分布,分析了蝗虫成灾的原因,着重介绍了目前草原蝗虫绿色防控的技术措施及效果,并针对存在的问题提出了相关建议.

裂叶蒿(Artemisia tanacetifolia)、大籽蒿(Artemisia sieversiana)和艾(Artemisia argyi)是我国常见的蒿属(Artemisia)植物,其分布区域遍布全国.本文利用MaxEnt模型预测3种蒿属植物在当前气候条件以及未来两种气候情景下的潜在分布区.采用受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)检验模型精度.训练数据和测试数据的AUC值均在0.8以上,表明预测结果可靠性良好.在当前的气候条件下,裂叶蒿最适分布区主要为黄土高原、内蒙古高原和东北平原;大籽蒿的最适分布区为西藏南部谷地、横断山地区、黄土高原、内蒙古高原和东北平原;艾的最适分布区有两个,一个位于台湾岛南部,另一个为大巴山、巫山、云贵高原北部、黄土高原和东北平原南部区域.2070年RCP2.6和RCP8.5情景下,裂叶蒿及大籽蒿的高适宜区面积减小,艾的最适分布区面积增加.Jack-knife检验结果表明,年均降水量是预测裂叶蒿分布最有效的气候因子,5月降水是预测大籽蒿分布的最显著的气候因子,8月水汽压对艾的影响最大.本研究结果为蒿属植物资源的合理利用提供了科学依据.

目的 探究彩超对于卵巢畸胎瘤的诊断价值.方法 选取2014年8月~2016年4月我院手术病理检查确诊的卵巢畸胎瘤患者51例作为研究对象,对彩超对于卵巢畸胎瘤的诊断准确率进行分析.结果?51例患者中经B超确诊的患者44例占86.27%,误诊的7例患者分别为囊实混合型患者5例占71.43%,囊肿型患者2例占28.57%.结论 彩超对于卵巢畸胎瘤的诊断率较高,对于患者误诊较高的类型为囊实混合型,因此后期对于临床上囊实混合型畸胎瘤患者的检查应耐心处理,增加CFI进行多方位的观察,以更进一步的增加彩超卵巢畸胎瘤的诊断率.