In the study of sensory processes, the visual system has received the most research compared to other sensory systems. The primary difference between visual and auditory perception lies in the nature of the stimuli and the reception processes: vision perceives electromagnetic radiation, while auditory perception perceives acoustic signals of mechanical origin. This review aims to analyze modern approaches and controversies to the mechanisms of auditory perception related to psychophysics, psychophysiology, psychopathology, modern research on hearing in human–computer interaction (HCI) systems, and machine learning methods. Modern studies of acoustic patterns include a comprehensive assessment of the physical characteristics of perception, complex nonverbal auditory cues, verbalization, perception and memory, as well as individual differences in auditory perception. An analysis of the scientific literature allowed us to conclude that acoustic signals transformed in the brain into auditory images retain (encode) a number of amplitude-temporal parameters of acoustic signals that facilitate auditory discrimination (filtering), but interfere with auditory detection (recognition). Signal processing often, but not necessarily, involves brain regions involved in other forms of perception. It depends on subvocalization, includes semantically interpreted information and expectations, pictorial (visual) and descriptive components, functions as a mnemonic, and is linked to individual musical ability and experience (although the mechanisms of this connection are unclear).

This research was aimed to analyze the dynamics of the healthy subjects functional state (FS) exposed to phobic virtual reality scenarios using EEG recordings and muscle activity analysis using intelligent video streaming analysis. The study involved 20 volunteers, 12 female and 8 male, aged 19–20 years. Immersion in a dynamic virtual environment was achieved using a Virtual Reality software simulating heights and crowd danger. Information on the individual's psycho-emotional state and response to the simulation was recorded using a 21-channel EEG with a 500 Hz sampling rate. At the same time, an approach was used to assess muscle movements of linear segments of the body and face using a commercial smartphone camera, followed by processing using proprietary software. Modern AI methods make it possible to classify FS and behavioral activity based on the analysis of external features obtained from videocamera and to draw conclusions about the subject's FS. A conclusion is drawn regarding the presence of a specific reaction in subjects, based on EEG data and intelligent video surveillance during perceiving phobic scenarios in virtual reality. This finding opens the door to optimizing currently used algorithms for the automatic detection of phobic disorders based on EEG data, particularly AI algorithms.

The article presents the minimum equirements for the technique and methodology of performing standard EEG studies of wakefulness and EEG monitoring of sleep. It is based on the minimum standards for recording routine EEG and EEG sleep studies proposed by the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology and the International League against Epilepsy. The recommendations provide the main indications for conducting research, and provide the minimum necessary requirements for technical specifications. The protocols of activating probe performed in basic studies are described. The method of sleep deprivation in different age groups is recommended. The recommendations are addressed to physicians in functional diagnostics who perform EEG examinations, as well as to medical specialists who refer patients to these studies.

According to the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 12/01/2004 No. 715 "On approval of the list of socially significant diseases and the list of diseases that pose a danger to others", tuberculosis is a socially significant disease, therefore, the fight against this disease is one of the priorities of national healthcare. The article presents the dynamics of tuberculosis prevalence rates among the population of the Russian Federation and St. Petersburg. Based on the study of the existing phthisiological service organization system, a rationale is presented for improving the organizational structure of TB care using digital support technologies. An analysis of the work of the city's tuberculosis dispensary, as the main coordinating link in St. Petersburg to combat tuberculosis, has been carried out, and an action plan has been developed to increase the coverage of tuberculosis care for all segments of the city's population.

Consciousness is the highest mental function that integrates attention, memory, individual experience, emotions, and all modalities of perception, information processing and other manifestations of higher nervous activity of a person. This research was aimed to theoretically substantiate the functional connection of the brain alpha regulatory system with the modulation of conscious activity and to identify pathological electroencephalography (EEG) patterns of the alpha rhythm characterizing a decrease in the level of consciousness. 40 patients (main group) with current symptomatic schizophrenia associated with neurocognitive and depressive symptoms, and 38 healthy subjects (control group) were examined. Both nonspecific physical parameters of the alpha wave process–index, frequency and amplitude, and physiological features of alpha oscillations–regularity, auto rhythmicity (modulation) and stability of the EEG alpha rhythm were analyzed with using WinEEG, EEG Studio, and Loreta-Key viewer programs. A line of indicators for the alpha rhythm in schizophrenia have been calculated–based on coherence in different brain areas, the latent period (LP) of desynchronization, the average number of bursts and the tone of the cerebral cortex.

Введение. Вопросы инкреции ферментов пищеварительных желез изучались с шестидесятых годов прошлого столетия и по настоящее время. Ферменты индуцируют функциональную активность секреторных желез и подготавливают пищеварительный тракт грудного ребенка к дефинитивному питанию через период смешанного питания. Цель исследования — изучить источники ферментного обеспечения гематрофного, амниотрофного и лактотрофного питания плода, происхождение ферментов амниотической жидкости, молозива и грудного молока и их участие в аутолизе нутриентов плода и новорожденного. Материалы и методы. Материал для исследования брался у небеременных и беременных женщин. Изучалась динамика изменения активности гидролаз в биологических жидкостях. Результаты. Показано участие инкретируемых в организме матери ферментов в трофосистемах при беременности и в постнатальный период. Выводы. Во время беременности выделяются три системы: гематрофная, амниотрофная и лактотрофная с аутолитическим пищеварением инкретируемыми нзимами.

Введение. Изучались особенности ферментов и трансаминаз в слюне и копрофильтрате в системе «Мать–плацента–плод» у женщин по триместрам беременности и в послеродовый период. Цель исследования — изучить ферментный профиль биологических жидкостей при беременности, установить связь между содержанием ферментов в крови, выделением их в составе экскретов и рекретов с активностью трансаминаз в соответствующих субстратах. Материалы и методы. Материал для исследования брался у небеременных и беременных женщин. Изучалась динамика изменения активности гидролаз в биологических жидкостях. Результаты. Показано участие рекреторного и экскреторного путей выделения ферментов из крови и организма при беременности, обособлено участие слюнных желез в рекреции гидролаз в ферментном гомеостазе. Выводы. В гомеостазировании гидролаз не исключено участие трансаминаз и щелочной фосфатазы, что доказывается ферментным профилем биожидкостей при беременности.

When an organism is exposed to environmental stimuli of varying intensity, the adaptive changes in the CNS can be explained by several conceptual provisions: the law of motivation–activation by Yerkes and Dodson, the laws of force and pessimal protective inhibition, and the theory of emotion activation. Later, reinforcement sensitivity theory was developed in the fields of psychology and psychophysics. At the same time, cortical prepulse inhibition (PPI), the prepulse inhibition of perceived stimulus intensity (PPIPSI), and the augmentation/reduction phenomenon were proposed in sensory neurophysiology, which expanded our understanding of consciousness. The aim of this study was to identify markers of levels of activity of cognitive processes under normal and in psychopathological conditions while amplifying the information stimulus. For this purpose, we changed the contrast level of reversible checkerboard patterns and mapped the visual evoked potentials (VEPs) in 19 monopolar channels among 52 healthy subjects and 39 patients with a mental illness without an active productive pathology. Their cognitive functions were assessed by presenting visual tests to assess invariant pattern recognition, short-term visual memory, and Gestalt perception. The personalities of the healthy subjects were assessed according to Cattell’s 16-factor questionnaire, linking the data from neurophysiological and cognitive studies to factors Q4 (relaxation/tension) and C (emotional stability). According to the N70 and N150 VEP waves, the healthy subjects and the patients were divided into two groups. In some, there was a direct relationship between VEP amplitude and contrast intensity (21 patients and 29 healthy persons), while in the others, there was an inverse relationship, with a reduction in VEP amplitude (18 patients and 23 healthy persons). The relationship and mechanisms of subjects’ cognitive abilities and personality traits are discussed based on the data acquired from the responses to information stimuli of varied intensity.

Актуальность работы обусловлена вариабельностью научных представлений о механизмах развития нейрокогнитивного дефицита, ассоциированного с рядом психопатологических состояний. Остается много вопросов о функциях отдельных структур и систем мозга, а также центральной нейродинамики в развитии когнитивного снижения. Наименее изученным в современной нейронауке остается вопрос о влиянии дезорганизации вертикально ориентированных структур I функционального блока мозга (ФБМ) на формирование нейрокогнитивного дефицита при психической патологии шизофренического спектра. Цель исследования заключалась в оценке функционального состояния первого энергетического блока мозга и определении роли нарушений нейродинамических компонентов деятельности в развитии нейрокогнитивного дефицита при психопатологии. Материалы и методы. Обследовано 40 пациентов, страдающих хронической параноидной шизофренией, и 38 здоровых испытуемых, сопоставимых по возрасту, гендерному соотношению и образовательному уровню. Регистрация ЭЭГ осуществлялась монополярно по международной системе 10/20 с помощью 21-канального аппаратно-программного комплекса «Телепат-1». С помощью визуального и спектрального методов анализа изучались как неспецифические физические параметры α-ритма — индекс, частота и амплитуда, так и физиологические особенности α-осцилляций — регулярность, авторитмичность (модуляции) и стабильность α-ритма. Функциональное состояние ретикулярной формации (РФ) определяли по параметрам латентных периодов синхронизации, десинхронизации и глубины десинхронизации в пробе с открытием/закрытием глаз. Тонус коры определяли по соотношению значений индексов альфа- и дельта- ритмов. Порог судорожной готовности мозга рассчитывали по количеству зарегистрированных вспышек в фоновой ЭЭГ. Колебания частоты базового альфа-ритма, превышающие 0,5 Гц, расценивались как признак нестабильности осцилляторной активности мозга. Результаты. Установлено, что нарушения познавательных функций при шизофрении связаны не только с дисфункцией коры (II и III ФБМ), но также с дезорганизацией вертикально ориентированных структур I ФБМ. Выявлена дезорганизация ретикулярной формации и альфа- регулирующей системы, снижение тонуса и активации коры мозга. Обосновано возможное патогенетическое влияние этих патофизиологических факторов на формирование нейрокогнитивного дефицита. Определены наиболее информативные диагностические ЭЭГ-признаки нарушения нейродинамических компонентов деятельности мозга.

Malignant neoplasms are socially significant diseases, as they occupy one of the leading positions in the structure of morbidity and mortality of the population in the Russian Federation, therefore, the fight against these diseases is a priority task of the domestic healthcare system. The article provides indicators of the prevalence and structure of oncological pathology among the population. Based on the study of the existing system of organization of medical care for patients with malignant neoplasms, the substantiation of the expediency of taking measures to improve the organization of outpatient oncological care centers in terms of dispensary monitoring of patients with malignant neoplasms is presented. An analysis of the work of outpatient oncological care centers has been carried out and an action plan has been developed aimed at increasing the coverage of dynamic dispensary monitoring of patients with malignant neoplasms, in accordance with the methods of "Lean Manufacturing". This work consisted of two successive stages: 1) assessment of the current state of the process and 2) development of an action plan taking into account the identified problems in achieving the targets. The basic methods of lean manufacturing were used to obtain the necessary data: mapping, root cause analysis and standardization.

Введение. Вопросы инкреции ферментов пищеварительных желез изучались с шестидесятых годов прошлого столетия и по настоящее время. Ферменты индуцируют функциональную активность секреторных желез и подготавливают пищеварительный тракт грудного ребенка к дефинитивному питанию через период смешанного питания. Цель исследования — изучить источники ферментного обеспечения гематрофного, амниотрофного и лактотрофного питания плода, происхождение ферментов амниотической жидкости, молозива и грудного молока и их участие в аутолизе нутриентов плода и новорожденного. Материалы и методы. Материал для исследования брался у небеременных и беременных женщин. Изучалась динамика изменения активности гидролаз в биологических жидкостях. Результаты. Показано участие инкретируемых в организме матери ферментов в трофосистемах при беременности и в постнатальный период. Выводы. Во время беременности выделяются три системы: гематрофная, амниотрофная и лактотрофная с аутолитическим пищеварением инкретируемыми нзимами. The issues of enzyme increment of digestive glands have been studied since the sixties of the last century to the present. Enzymes induce the functional activity of secretory glands and prepare the digestive tract of an infant for definitive nutrition through a period of mixed nutrition. The purpose of the work — to study the sources of enzyme supply of hematrophic, amniotrophic and lactotrophic nutrition of the fetus, the origin of enzymes of amniotic fluid, colostrum and breast milk and their participation in the autolysis of fetal and newborn nutrients. Materials and methods. The material for the study was taken from non-pregnant and pregnant women. The dynamics of changes in the activity of hydrolases in biological fluids was studied. Results. The participation of enzymes secreted in the mother’s body in trophosystems during pregnancy and in the postnatal period has been shown. Conclusions. During pregnancy, three systems are distinguished: hematrophic, amniotrophic and lactotrophic with autolytic digestion by increted enzymes.

In a previous study, we found that it is possible to use Android-based mobile applications and WHO AntroPlus desktop application in auxology. Present research was aimed to evaluate the interchangeability of Z-score measurements of length-for-age, weight-for-age and BMI-for-age in newborns applying three randomly selected mobile applications using WHO growth charts in children belonging to the European and Central Asian cohorts. Body length and weight were measured in 1119 newborns on the first day after birth, boys and girls, living in St. Petersburg, Russia (European cohort, 531 newborns) and Nukus, Uzbekistan (Central Asian cohort, 586 newborns). WHO Child Growth Standards PC version WHO Antro software and mobile applications were used to calculate length-for-age, weight-for-age and BMI-for-age Z-scores for all children. Bland-Altman analysis was performed to assess agreement between Z-scores calculated using WHO Antro software and mobile apps. The results of the assessment of agreement to use the three mobile applications in both groups may systematically inflate or underestimate Z-scores. We assume that any significant deviations in stature and BMI observed in clinical practice are greater in both Europeans and Central Asians. It is arguable that the use of Android based mobile growth monitoring apps and WHO Antro software for newborns are quite interchangeable. This is especially relevant in connection with the established practice of «field» monitoring of the growth and development of children by medical professionals visiting patients at home.

This research was aimed to assess the severity of emotional and motivational processes during the perception of chess patterns of varying contrast and registration of visual evoked potentials (VEPs) with subsequent analysis of personal and cognitive processes on this basis. An increase in the intensity of the contrast of a reversible chess field, regardless of the emotional sphere is accompanied by an increase in the amplitude of the amplitude of the N150 wave in persons with a high degree of tension and reduced emotional stability was traced. For persons with a low degree of tension and high emotional stability in the occipital-parietal leads, an inverse relationship between the magnitude of contrast and amplitude N150 is noted. Comparison of behavioral investigation results with electrophysiological data enabled to find that the first variant of reaction was characterized by lower degree of visual images identification, under condition hampering their identification, irrespective of test objects modality.

Актуальность работы обусловлена вариабельностью научных представлений о механизмах развития нейрокогнитивного дефицита, ассоциированного с рядом психопатологических состояний. Остается много вопросов о функциях отдельных структур и систем мозга, а также центральной нейродинамики в развитии когнитивного снижения. Наименее изученным в современной нейронауке остается вопрос о влиянии дезорганизации вертикально ориентированных структур I функционального блока мозга (ФБМ) на формирование нейрокогнитивного дефицита при психической патологии шизофренического спектра. Цель исследования заключалась в оценке функционального состояния первого энергетического блока мозга и определении роли нарушений нейродинамических компонентов деятельности в развитии нейрокогнитивного дефицита при психопатологии. Материалы и методы. Обследовано 40 пациентов, страдающих хронической параноидной шизофренией, и 38 здоровых испытуемых, сопоставимых по возрасту, гендерному соотношению и образовательному уровню. Регистрация ЭЭГ осуществлялась монополярно по международной системе 10/20 с помощью 21-канального аппаратно-программного комплекса «Телепат-1». С помощью визуального и спектрального методов анализа изучались как неспецифические физические параметры α-ритма — индекс, частота и амплитуда, так и физиологические особенности α-осцилляций — регулярность, авторитмичность (модуляции) и стабильность α-ритма. Функциональное состояние ретикулярной формации (РФ) определяли по параметрам латентных периодов синхронизации, десинхронизации и глубины десинхронизации в пробе с открытием/закрытием глаз. Тонус коры определяли по соотношению значений индексов альфа- и дельта- ритмов. Порог судорожной готовности мозга рассчитывали по количеству зарегистрированных вспышек в фоновой ЭЭГ. Колебания частоты базового альфа-ритма, превышающие 0,5 Гц, расценивались как признак нестабильности осцилляторной активности мозга. Результаты. Установлено, что нарушения познавательных функций при шизофрении связаны не только с дисфункцией коры (II и III ФБМ), но также с дезорганизацией вертикально ориентированных структур I ФБМ. Выявлена дезорганизация ретикулярной формации и альфа- регулирующей системы, снижение тонуса и активации коры мозга. Обосновано возможное патогенетическое влияние этих патофизиологических факторов на формирование нейрокогнитивного дефицита. Определены наиболее информативные диагностические ЭЭГ-признаки нарушения нейродинамических компонентов деятельности мозга. The relevance of this article is due to the variability of scientific ideas about the mechanisms of development of neurocognitive deficit associated with a line of psychopathological conditions. Many questions remain about the functions of individual brain structures and systems, as well as central neurodynamics in the development of cognitive defects. The question of the influence of the disorganization of vertically oriented structures of the first brain functional block (BFB) on the formation of neurocognitive deficit in mental pathology of the schizophrenic spectrum remains the least studied in modern neuroscience. The present research was aimed to assess the functional state of the first brain energy block and to determine the role of disorders in the neurodynamic components of activity in the development of neurocognitive deficit in psychopathology. Materials and methods. 40 patients with paranoid schizophrenia and 38 healthy subjects matched in age, gender ratio and educational level were examined. EEG by monopolar according to the international system 10/20 using a 21-channel system “Telepat-1” was registered. With the help of visual and spectral methods of analysis, both nonspecific physical parameters of the α-rhythm — index, frequency and amplitude, and physiological features of α-oscillations — reactivity, regularity, autorhythm (modulation) and stability of the α-rhythm were studied. The functional state of the RF was determined by the parameters of the latent periods of synchronization, desynchronization, and the depth of desynchronization in the eye opening/closing test. The tonus of the cortex by the ratio of the values of the indices of alpha- and delta-rhythms was determined. The threshold of convulsive readiness of the brain was calculated from the number of recorded flashes in the background EEG. Fluctuations in the frequency of the basic alpha rhythm exceeding 0.5 Hz were regarded as a sign of instability in the oscillatory activity of the brain. Results. It has been established that impairment of cognitive functions in schizophrenia is associated not only with cortical dysfunction (II and III BFB), but also with disorganization of vertically oriented structures of the I BFB. Revealed disorganization of the reticular formation and alpha-regulating system, decreased tone and activation of the cerebral cortex. The possible pathogenetic influence of these pathophysiological factors on the formation of neurocognitive deficithas been substantiated. The most informative diagnostic EEG-signs of disorders in the neurodynamic components of brain activity were determined.

Modern neuroscience has developed ideas about consciousness as the interaction of two components: wakefulness and levels of consciousness. In schizophrenia and other psychopathological conditions, low-symptomatic transient disturbances in the activity and content of consciousness are often observed. Such patients lose the ability to effectively interact with environment and perform cognitive functions, and there is disorganization of goal-directed behavior. This indicates the patient's incomplete awareness of his own personality and surrounding reality. The purpose of this research was to theoretically substantiate the functional relationship of the brain alpha regulatory system with the modulation of consciousness activity and to identify pathological EEG patterns of the alpha rhythm that characterize a decrease in the level of consciousness. According to the results of the study, patients with schizophrenia revealed a decrease in brain tone, dysfunction of the thalamo-cortical, alpha-regulatory and other cerebral systems that provide energy-informational influences on the cortex. More than 10 reliable EEG symptoms of decreased activity and content of consciousness have been identified, which we define as "sleep fragments." The possible pathogenetic influence of these pathophysiological factors on the decrease in the efficiency of cognitive activity, cognitive reserve and the formation of neurocognitive deficit is substantiated.

The WHO's standards for analysis and presentation of anthropometric data is widely recognized as the best system. This study was aimed to assess the agreement of calculation of height-for-age and BMI-for-age Z-scores according to WHO growth charts using of two randomly selected mobile apps in two cohorts of European and Asian subjects. In 1,347 adolescents aged 13 to 17 years, boys and girls, living in St. Petersburg, Northwest of the Russia (European cohort, 663 subjects) and Nukus, Uzbekistan (Asian cohort 684 subjects) measured body weight and stature. Each child's height-for-age Z-score and BMI-for-age Z-scores were calculated based on WHO Child Growth Standards PC version WHO AntroPlus software and mobile applications. It was performed a Blend-Altman analysis to assess the consistency of Z-scores calculated using WHO AntroPlus software and two mobile apps. The results of the evaluation of the consistency of height-for-age and BMI-for-age Z-scores obtained using WHO AntroPlus software and mobile applications showed that Android-based mobile applications systematically overestimate Z-scores. However, this error is much smaller than any clinically significant deviations of the physical development evaluation parameters both in the European and Asian cohort volunteers. Thus, it can be claimed that it is possible to use Android-based mobile applications for growth monitoring and BMI and WHO AntroPlus software for children from 5 to 19. This is especially relevant to the need for «field» monitoring of children's growth and development performed by general practitioners visiting patients at home.

В статье представлен анализ опыта организации преподавания нормальной физиологии в дистанционном (онлайн) формате в период пандемии новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19 в 2020-2021 и 2021-2022 учебных годах. Обоснован выбор приложения Discord в качестве платформы онлайн -коммуникации между студентами и преподавателем, обсуждаются его преимущества и недостатки. Рассматривается классификация средств дистанционной имитации физиологического эксперимента в педагогических целях: среди них учебные видеофильмы, снятые на профессиональных студиях научной кинематографии и изготовленные при участии сотрудников кафедры нормальной физиологии СПбГПМУ, онлайн -лаборатории, использование расчетных и аналитических заданий, практических работ, выполняемых при участии студента и преподавателя в качестве испытуемого. Обсуждаются вопросы эффективности контроля знаний, полученных студентами после учебного онлайн -занятия. Анализируется адекватность методики экзамена по типу «открытой книги» с целью борьбы с недобросовестным поведением студентов. Приводятся результаты сравнения однородности распределения оценок, полученных студентами педиатрического и иностранного факультетов на экзамене по нормальной физиологии в летнюю сессию в 2016-2017 и 2019-2020 учебных годах по сравнению с 2020-2021 и 2021-2022 учебными годами. Обсуждаются перспективы применения электронных образовательных технологий в учебном процессе в медицинском вузе при изучении медико -биологических дисциплин. Все аспекты обучения, рассмотренные в статье, сопоставляются с результатами педагогических исследований из современной отечественной и зарубежной литературы. The article is devoted to the analysis of the experience of teaching human physiology in the context of organizing the educational process in a remote (online) format during the pandemic of a new coronavirus disease COVID-19 in the 2020-2021 and 2021-2022. The choice of the Discord application as an online communication platform between students and a teacher is substantiated, the advantages and disadvantages are discussed. The classification of the means of remote imitation of a physiological experiment for pedagogical purposes is considered. Among them are educational videos shot at professional studios of scientific cinematography and made with the participation of employees of the Department of Human Physiology of St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, online laboratories, the use of calculation and analytical tasks, practical work performed with the participation of a student and a teacher as a test subject. The issues of the effectiveness of monitoring the knowledge gained by students after an online training session are discussed. The adequacy of the «open book» exam methodology is analyzed in order to combat the dishonest behavior of students. The results of a comparison of the uniformity of the distribution of the grades obtained as a result of the exam in human physiology in the summer session of 2016-2017, 2019-2020 in comparison to 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 academic years for students of pediatric and foreign faculties are presented. The prospects for the use of electronic educational technologies in the educational process at a medical university in the study of biomedical disciplines are discussed. All aspects of education discussed in the article are discussed with the results of pedagogical research from modern domestic and foreign literature.

Methodological approaches to assess the human cognitive status are constantly evolving. At the same time, the creation of new assessment methods is accompanied by traditional research. This paper discusses the direction of research on the search for markers of stress resilience. The basis for the formation of the research algorithm was the assessment of activation factors of emotional states, including preceding stress-sensory (cognitive and informational) and psycho-emotional factors. This was determined using methodological techniques, stress factors, working conditions in professional teams, etc. For an express analysis (25-40 min) of diagnosing stress resistance, a research algorithm was justified, consisting of clinical and psychological testing, as well as EEG with traditional tests and analysis of indicators and spectra. Therefore, this research was aimed at the psychological and neurophysiological substantiation of approaches to express algorithms for assessing cognitive functions and resilience to stress under time deficit. A study on 102 healthy subjects and 38 outpatients of a neuropsychiatric clinic was performed. Basic outcomes: the integrative indicator SCL-90-R-"general index of severity" has a high statistical significance (p < 0.05) in both healthy subjects and neuropsychiatric outpatients. The effectiveness of the Mini-Mult test in conditions of time deficit is determined by the results of the scales of hypochondria, depression, hysteria, paranoia, psychasthenia, schizoid and hypomania (p < 0.05). Furthermore, we used a line of logical thinking techniques. A line of four logical methods is highly informative in assessing the mental status in conditions of time deficit. EEG power indices and spectra in theta, delta and alpha frequency ranges are an effective reflection of cognitive status. In this article, a testing algorithm as a variant for assessing neurocognitive status in screening studies of large groups is discussed.

EEG is considered an important tool in the diagnostic and treatment process of patients with neurological manifestations of COVID-19, especially with encephalopathy, seizures, and status epilepticus. The present research was aimed at quantitative and visual analysis of the EEG of 85 neuropsychiatric outpatients with COVID-19 history and with psychosomatic complaints at the time of the examination. The control group consisted of 35 healthy subjects. Three types of EEG patterns have been established: polymorphic low-frequency activity; low-frequency polymorphic activity with a predominance of delta, theta rhythms; high frequency EEG with a visible dominant of the beta1 range. The correlation index in the alpha range is stable for the EEG in the control group, where in 90% of the subjects the correlation coefficients in the alpha range were more than 0.6. On the contrary, patients have a polymorphic picture, stable indicators with a coefficient of more than 0.6 for all the studied connections, both between the hemispheres and within the hemispheres were registered only in 25% of the subjects. Analysis of the coherence coefficients in patients, on the contrary, shows a higher stability of interhemispheric connections and various options for reducing connections within the hemispheres, which often have a “mirror character”.

The article discusses the search for clinical, psychological and neurophysiological markers of stress resilience when examining large groups in a limited time. Stress resilience is determined by stress factors, working conditions in professional teams, occupational health of subjects, awareness, etc. In the limited time (25–40 min) for diagnosing stress resilience, a research algorithm was tested, consisting of a clinical-psychological and neurophysiological study (EEG) with traditional tests and analysis of indices and power spectra. Groups of healthy subjects (over 100 people) and neuropsychiatric outpatients (38 people) were examined. The emphasis in the analysis of the results of the study is on the data of secondary (integrative) indicators, both for psychological tests (correlation analysis) and for EEG (factorial analysis). In particular, the integrative indicator SCL-90-R - "general severity index" has a high statistical significance (p < 0.05) both in healthy individuals and in neuropsychiatric outpatients. The effectiveness of Mini-Mult is shown by the scales of hypochondria, depression, hysteria, paranoia, psychasthenia, schizoidness and hypomania (p < 0.05). A number of logical thinking techniques were also used. EEG power indicators and spectra in theta, delta, and alpha frequency ranges are an effective reflection of cognitive status. The article discusses the existing testing algorithm as an option for assessing neurocognitive status in screening studies.