With the increasing evolution of pesticide resistance, pyrimidinamine derivatives are considered promising agricultural compounds because of their outstanding activity and their mode of action which is different from other fungicides. But diflumetorim, the commercial pyrimidinamine fungicide, is not effective in controlling corn rust (Puccinia sorghi). In this study, a series of pyrimidinamine derivatives were designed and synthesized using pyrimidifen as a template according to the bioisosterism. The new compounds showed excellent fungicidal activity. Among these compounds, (S)-5-chloro-6-(difluoromethyl)-2-methyl-N-(1-((5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin- 2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine, T33, had the best control effect on corn rust with EC50 values of 0.60 mg/L, versus commercial fungicide tebuconazole (1.65 mg/L). The synthesis, characterization, and activity data of the compounds are presented in the text, and the structure-activity relationships are discussed.

Aphis fabae is a widespread pest that has more than 200 hosts in the world, belongs to hemiptera, for stinging suction mouthparts, harm buds, young leaves, and flower buds. Pyrimidine derivatives have the advantages of insecticidal, bactericidal, herbicidal, regulating plant growth and other biological activities, and have a unique mechanism of action. Pyrimidinamine derivatives, one of pyrimidine derivatives, were reported as early as 1955, and all the world's major pesticide companies (Syngenta, Dow Yinon, Bayer, DuPont, and BASF) have carried out research studies, which had lasted for nearly 60 years. For example, commercial pyrimidine products such as flupyrimethanil (fungicide) and pyrimethanil (insecticidal and acaricidal agents) show excellent biological activity. So pyrimidinamine derivatives are considered promising agricultural compounds. In this study, a series of pyrimidinamine derivatives were designed and synthesized using pyrimidifen as a template according to bioisosterism. 5-chloro-N-(1-((3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)- 6-ethylpyrimidin-4-amine, T23, had the best control effect on Aphis fabae with LC50 values of 1.46 mg/L, versus commercial insecticides spirotetramat and imidacloprid (2.45 and 0.53 mg/L). The synthesis, characterization, and activity data of the compounds are presented in the text, and the structure-activity relationships are discussed.

To search for novel pesticides, the synthesis around commercialized insecticide tebufenpyrad accidentally led us to the discovery of the fungicidal lead compound, 3-ethyl-1-methyl-N-((2-phenylthiazol-4-yl)methyl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (1a) and its pyrimidin-4-amine-based optimization derivative 5-chloro-2,6-dimethyl-N-(1-(2-(p-tolyl)thiazol-4-yl)ethyl)pyrimidin-4-amine (2a). Compound 2a not only demonstrates fungicidal activity superior to commercial fungicides such as diflumetorim but also exhibits the good features that come with pyrimidin-4-amines, such as unique modes of action and no cross-resistance to other pesticide classes. However, 2a is highly toxic to rats. Further optimization of 2a by introducing pyridin-2-yloxy substructure finally led to the discovery of 5b5-6 (HNPC-A9229) (5-chloro-N-(1-((3-chloropyridin-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)-6-(difluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-amine). HNPC-A9229 exhibits excellent fungicidal activities with EC50 values of 0.16 mg/L against Puccinia sorghi and 1.14 mg/L against Erysiphe graminis, respectively. Not only that its fungicidal potency is significantly superior to or comparable to commercial fungicides including diflumetorim, tebuconazole, flusilazole, and isopyrazam, HNPC-A9229 possesses low toxicity to rats.

为研究嗪虫唑酰胺(Dimpropyridaz)的生物活性,以3-甲基-2-丁酮和3,4,5-三氯哒嗪为原料,经7步反应合成了嗪虫唑酰胺,其结构经质谱和核磁共振氢谱等表征确证.室内测定了嗪虫唑酰胺对蚕豆蚜虫(Aphis fabae)、稻褐飞虱(Nilaparvata lugens)、粘虫(Mythimna separate)和棉红蜘蛛(Tetranychius urticae)的生物活性,结果表明嗪虫唑酰胺对蚕豆蚜虫表现出高活性,其LC50值为0.039 mg/L,对褐飞虱表现出一定活性,对粘虫和棉红蜘蛛没有表现出明显活性.

双酰胺类杀虫剂结构新颖多样,作用机制新颖独特,防虫效果卓越广谱.介绍了双酰胺类杀虫剂的结构类型,总结了具有应用价值进入研发程序的双酰胺类杀虫剂,并就其作用机制和抗性机理进行了分析探讨,就其环境风险进行了浅析评价,旨在为双酰胺类杀虫剂的研究、开发与应用提供支持与指导.

双酰胺类杀虫剂结构多样、新颖,作用机制丰富、独特,防虫效果卓越、广谱.介绍了双酰胺类杀虫剂的结构类型,总结了登记上市的双酰胺类杀虫剂及其应用、销售概况,并就双酰胺类杀虫剂防治刺吸式口器害虫前景进行了分析探讨与展望,旨在为双酰胺类杀虫剂的研究、开发与应用提供支持与指导.