为阐明土壤不同氮素形态尤其是有机氮形态与土壤有害生物种群发生、发展的关系,以禾谷镰刀菌供试菌株,初步研究了5种氨基酸态氮对其生长及DON毒素产生的影响.结果表明:0.20％氮源添加量下的100 ml液体培养基中,各培养基中菌丝干质量差异显著,培养基中菌丝干质量从大到小的顺序为赖氨酸培养基(1.27 g)>硝酸钠培养基(0.88 g)>谷氨酸培养基(0.84 g)>酪氨酸培养基(0.52 g)>缬氨酸培养基(0.45 g)>蛋氨酸培养基(0.36 g).赖氨酸培养基发酵液中DON毒素含量最高,达到2951μg/L,其他不同氮源培养基发酵液中DON毒素含量大小顺序为酪氨酸(1418μg/L)>谷氨酸(240μg/L)>硝酸钠(224μg/L)>缬氨酸(214μg/L)>蛋氨酸(50μg/L),毒素含量与氮源添加量呈正相关关系.生物测定结果显示,赖氨酸液体培养基发酵液的抑制效果最为明显,种子萌发抑制率、胚根抑制率、胚芽抑制率分别达到了63.0％、60.9％、63.0％,其次为酪氨酸(41.0％、34.4％、34.8％)、谷氨酸(26.0％、18.8％、23.9％)、硝酸钠(25.0％、15.6％、21.7％)、缬氨酸(25.0％、14.1％、21.7％)和蛋氨酸(7.0％、9.4％、17.4％).对比5种氨基酸,当赖氨酸作为唯一氮源时,对禾谷镰刀菌的生长和产毒作用显著,可提高病原菌的侵染、定殖寄主植物的能力,从而诱导茎腐病的发生.

In order to know growing habit and emergence regularity of Grapholitha molesta and seek the best stage for controlling,the investigation of its emergence was needed and sex pheromone traps is a pollution free technology for its low cost and easy management.In fruit tree base of Jilin Agricultural University,investigation on the generations of Grapholitha molesta and related trapping technique was conducted in 2010.The result indicated the generation of Grapholitha molesta in Changchun was incomplete two generations.Green trap basin with 240 cm height can trap the maximal amount moths.