bZIP(basic leucine zipper)基因家族是真核生物中最大的转录因子家族之一,其成员在逆境响应、次级代谢、植物生长、种子发育等方面发挥着重要作用.为探究火麻仁基原植物大麻(Cannabis sativa L.)bZIP(CsbZIP)基因的生物学功能,本研究基于大麻全基因组和转录组数据,利用生物信息学方法对CsbZIP基因家族进行系统性研究.结果表明,在大麻中鉴定到55个CsbZIP基因家族成员(CsbZIP1～CsbZIP55),分布在10条染色体上,属于12个亚家族,同一亚家族成员之间的基因结构和蛋白基序分布相似.片段重复是CsbZIP基因家族扩张的主要因素.顺式作用元件分析表明73个油脂合成基因的启动子区含有G-box或A-box元件,qRT-PCR实验表明7个CsbZIP基因和7个油脂合成基因在火麻仁中的相对表达量较高.相关性分析表明7个CsbZIP基因和7个油脂合成基因之间存在显著的正相关关系.本研究揭示了 CsbZIP基因的结构特征、进化方式和表达模式,为进一步研究CsbZIP基因对火麻仁油脂代谢的调控提供了重要线索.

Interactions between plants and microbes may promote the growth of plants and regulate the production of secondary metabolites. Hemp (Cannabis sativa) is an annual herb and an important commercial crop. However, the assembly and network of hemp-associated microbiomes inhabiting in soil and plant compartments have not been comprehensively understood. This work investigated the assembly and network of bacterial and fungal communities living in soils (bulk and rhizosphere) and plant compartments (root, stem, leaf, and flower) of four hemp ecotypes cultivated in the same habitat. Microbiome assembly was predominantly shaped by compartment niche. Microbial alpha diversity was the highest in soil, continually decreased from root to flower. Core bacterial genera Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Rhizobium, Planococcus, and Sphingomonas were mostly enriched in aerial endosphere niches; Clitopilus, Plectosphaerella, and Mortierella were enriched in belowground endosphere. Microbial network complexity and connectivity decreased from root to flower. According to source tracking analysis, hemp microbiota primarily originated from soil and were subsequently filtered in different plant compartments. This work provides details on hemp-associated microbiome along the soil-plant continuum and a comprehensive understanding of the origin and transmission mode of endophytes in hemp.

The influence of the TiCl4 post-treatment on nanostructured SrTiO3 films as electrodes in dye sensi-tized solar cells was investigated and compared to non-treated films.Compared with bare electrode,the TiCl4 treated electrode presented more dye adsorption.The trap state distribution was investigated by the measure-ments of time resolved current.The total trap state densities were calculated to be 2.85×1016/cm2and 1.83 × 1016/cm2in 0.2 mol/L tetrabutylammonium perchloride (TBAP)and 0.5 mol/L LiClO4 acetylacetone solution for non-treated and TiCl4 treated electrodes respectively.Moreover spectroelectrochemical studies showed that the concentration of free electrons in the conduction band of SrTiO3 was remarkably increased after TiCl4 treate-ment.The dark current curves of the SrTiO3 and TiCl4 treated SrTiO3 electrodes were measured.The results show that the dark current of TiCl4 treated SrTiO3 electrode was lower than that of the pure SrTiO3 electrode throughout the measured potential range.Finally the nanostructured SrTiO3 and TiCl4 treated SrTiO3 electrodes were sensitized with dye N3 and their photovoltage-photocurrent curves were measured.The results showed that the TiCl4 treated solar cell showed the higher short-circuit current density (J sc),which was in good agree-ment with the increased dye adsorption,the reduced trap state density and higher free electron density in the conduction band of the TiCl4 treated electrode.

Chemical doping is adopted to tune the work function and electrical conductivity of carbon counter electrode (CE) in HTM-free organometallic halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this work, the boron and phosphorus co-doped carbon (BPC) CE is constructed by coating a B doped carbon layer onto the P-doped carbon (PC). The work function of BPC CE with B/P co-doping (B: 2.68 at.%, P: 2.23 at.%) is thus regulated to 5.12 eV from the 5.01 eV of pure carbon and 4.81 eV of PC, and the sheet resistance is modulated to 8.41 Omega sq(-1) from 14.75 Omega sq(-1) of pure carbon and 7.89 Omega sq(-1) of PC. As a consequence, the BPC-based PSCs deliver a power conversion efficiency of 6.78%, higher than those of pristine carbon (3.72%), PC (539%) and BC (5.20%) based PSCs, and even comparable to that of conventional Au-based device (7.22%), due to the enhanced hole extraction ability and the maintained high electronic conductivity. Moreover, the good stability in ambient condition over a period of 720 h is also demonstrated in the BPC-based PSCs. The successful application of BPC CE in PSCs shows a promising way for fabricating low-cost, large-scale and highly efficient PSCs in future. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Photocatalysts of fluorine/bentonite/PbSnO3 composite photocatalysts were prepared by hydrothermal method.The morphology and structure of the samples were characterized by XRD、IR and SEM.Its photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methyl blue was also investigated under visible light irradiation.The results indicated that the photo-degradation efficiency could reach over 97％ when the fluorine-doping ratio was 0.04％, the amount of photocatalysts was 40 mg/L, and the reaction time was 12 min.

Fluorine/bentonite/CaSnO3 composite photocatalysts were prepared by hydmthermal synthesis method.The morphology and structure of samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM)etc..The effects of light catalyst dosage,fluorine-doping ratio,and reaction time on photocatalytic activity of methyl blue waste water were also investigated.Results indicated that the photo-degradation efficiency could reach 98.6％ when the fluorinedoping ratio was 0.04％ (mass fraction),the mass concentration of photocatalyst was 60 mg/L,and the reaction time was 13 min.

Information sensing and test are premise and foundation of (Equipment Health Management, EHM), a reasonable sensor configuration not only provide accurate and complete fault information, but also improve fault diagnostics, fault prognostics and health state evaluation capability. To address the problem that the traditional test selection and optimization are mainly for fault detection and isolation, then, testability indices for EHM are firstly formulated quantitatively, then, test optimization selection model which minimizes test cost is modeled, and the generic algorithm is introduced to solve the problem. At last, a simulation case and an application case are given to verify & validate the proposed model and method.

Transparent nanostructured BaTiO3 film electrodes were synthesized on conductive substrates from BaTiO3 nanocrystals forming at low temperature. Electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical methods were employed to investigate its properties of band energetics and the trap state at different pH values. The flat band edges greatly depended on the pH value of electrolyte, and the flat band edges were -0.70, -0.92 and -1.20 V vs saturated Ag/AgCl at the pH value of 3.0, 6.8 and 13.0, respectively. The results showed that trap state densities also highly depended on pH. The total trap state densities were 3.73 × 1015, 4.02 × 1015 and 6.48 × 1016 cm-2 at pH value of 3.0, 6.8 and 13.0 respectively with maximum located at -0.36 V, -0.50 V and -0.80 V. The results obtained from CVs were in good agreement with that obtained from the measurements of time resolved currents. The size of the peak potentials in the cyclic voltammograms experiments was increased dramatically with the pH value increasing, indicating that traps were surface-related.

A prognostics and health management (PHM) technique has been developed and applied to a variety of safety-critical aerospace systems. The PHM performance relies highly on test data, which conveys relevant system health information, and design for testability (DFT) developed concurrently with system design is thus of great importance to PHM performance. The testability model is the basis for testability analysis and design. To address the problems that traditional testability models did not include such as any quantitative testability information that could not describe fault-evolution test dependency, a novel model referred to as a quantified uncertainty hierarchical model is presented. In the model, fault-test dependency was described through quantified directed graph and fault attributes; test attributes and propagation attributes were assigned to nodes and directed edges in the form of probability, fuzziness, and uncertainty at the system level. And at component level, the physics of the failure model or extended failure modes, mechanisms, and effects analysis (FMMEA) were used to construct fault-evolution test dependency. The fault/fault-evolution test dependency was represented by a binary dependency matrix, based on the testability analysis for PHM, which can be realized when it is combined with quantitative testability information. Two cases were presented to demonstrate the proposed model for a missile control system and an aeroengine. Application analysis shows the proposed model is feasible and effective, and this approach can be used for testability modeling and PHM analysis of any system.

We describe a surface plasmon resonance-based fiber sensor based on a side-polished graded-index multimode fiber, in which an Al-doped zinc oxide/gold (AZO/Au) bilayer is deposited on the side-polished surface of the fiber core to improve the detection sensitivity of the device. The AZO/Au layer is used as the active sensing member of the device with a combination of a 75-nm-thick AZO layer and a 40-nm-thick Au layer. Such a device is then applied to the concentration measurement of CH3COONa solutions, as an example showing a good response to concentration variation. The results indicate that the additional AZO layer in the active sensing member may lead to higher detection sensitivity and greater measurement stability in the measurements of solution concentration.

The cubic PbSnO3 nanoparticles were prepared by a co-precipitation method.The photocatalytic activity of nanoparticles on methylene Orange was also investigated.When the catalysts of PbSnO3 nanoparticles were irradiated by the visible light,the photo-degradation of methylene orange could reachover 90% as the concention of photocatalysts was 60 mg/L and the reaction time was 80min.

Prognostics and health management (PHM) has an important part in aerospace systems. Information sensing and testing are the bases of PHM, and design for testability (DFT) developed concurrently with system design is considered a fundamental way to improve PHM performance. The traditional DFT, which is only based on the requirements of fault detection and isolation, is not suitable for sensor design and optimization for PHM. Aiming to solve this problem, the intrinsic requirements of PHM for testability are firstly analyzed qualitatively and the corresponding testability indexes are defined quantitatively. Then, a sensor selection/optimization process for PHM is presented. Fault detection uncertainty is also analyzed systematically from the view of fault attributes, sensor attributes and fault-sensor matching attributes, respectively. Based on the requirements and process, the object and constraint models of sensor optimization selection problem are studied in great detail. For aerospace system health management, a sensor optimization selection model is constructed that treats sensor total cost as the objective function and the proposed testability indexes under uncertainty test as constraint conditions. Due to the NP-hard property of the model, a generic algorithm (GA) is introduced to obtain the optimal solution. The application examples show that the proposed model and algorithm are effective and feasible.

Perovskite CaSnO3 particles were synthesized by a co-precipitation method.The formation and microstructure of the particles were characterized by XRD,TG-DSC,IR and SEM.The photocatalytic activity of particles on methylene blue was also investigated.The results indicated that there existed the crystal transformation in the reaction process.The reaction temperature had important influence on purity and crystallinity of products.It could be prepared pretty easily at 600 ℃.When the photocatalysts were irradiated by the visible light,the photo-degradation could reach 94% as the concentration of photocatalysts was 70 mg/L and the reaction time was 100 min.

Prognostics and health management (PHM) is very important to guarantee the reliability and safety of aerospace systems, and sensing and test are the precondition of PHM. Integrating design for testability into early design stage of system early design stage is deemed as a fundamental way to improve PHM performance, and testability model is the base of testability analysis and design. This paper discusses a hierarchical model-based approach to testability modeling and analysis for heading attitude system health management. Quantified directed graph, of which the nodes represent components and tests and the directed edges represent fault propagation paths, is used to describe fault-test dependency, and quantitative testability information is assigned to nodes and directed edges. The fault dependencies between nodes can be obtained by functional fault analysis methodology that captures the physical architecture and material flows such as energy, heat, data, and so on. By incorporating physics of failure models into component, the dynamic process of a failing or degrading component can be projected onto system behavior, i.e., system symptoms. Then, the analysis of extended failure modes, mechanisms and effects is utilized to construct fault evolution-test dependency. Using this integrated model, the designers and system analysts can assess the test suite’s fault detectability, fault isolability and fault predictability. And heading attitude system application results show that the proposed model can support testability analysis and design for PHM very well.

The development of PHM propels the combination of design for testability and relevant PHM technology, which leads a need for the demonstration of PHM-oriented testability design. The paper mainly introduces the evaluation and demonstration method ranging from the design phase to the demonstration phase. Firstly, the index set to be evaluated is established according to the feature of the PHM-oriented testability design and its difference between the traditional testability. Then, an indexes estimation method for the design phase which is based on the testability model is proposed. In this method, a testability design and modeling software TADS is introduced and applied. Thirdly, demonstration test based on physical fault injection is introduced. The test plan covers the sample size determination, sample distribution and fault mode selection from the mode set. Two sample size determination methods based on classical binomial distribution and Bayesian posterior risk criterion are introduced. Finally, an example of flying control system is given to verify the proposed methods.

The nanoparticles of BaSnO3 were prepared by a co-precipitation method using Ba(CH3COO)2 and SnCl4·5H2O as materials,the organic base tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide [N(CH3)4OH] as a mineralizer.Its photocatalytic activity for the methylene blue was investigated.When the catalysts of Cube BaSnO3 nanoparticles were irradiated by the visible light,the photo-degradation of methylene blue could reach to 93% as the concention of photocatalysts was 40mg/L and the reaction time was 100min.

Prognostics and health management (PHM) significantly improves system availability and reliability, and reduces the cost of system operations. Design for testability (DFT) developed concurrently with system design is an important way to improve PHM capability. Testability modeling and analysis are the foundation of DFT. This paper proposes a novel approach of testability modeling and analysis based on failure evolution mechanisms. At the component level, the fault progression-related information of each unit under test (UUT) in a system is obtained by means of failure modes, evolution mechanisms, effects and criticality analysis (FMEMECA), and then the failure-symptom dependency can be generated. At the system level, the dynamic attributes of UUTs are assigned by using the bond graph methodology, and then the symptom-test dependency can be obtained by means of the functional flow method. Based on the failure-symptom and symptom-test dependencies, testability analysis for PHM systems can be realized. A shunt motor is used to verify the application of the approach proposed in this paper. Experimental results show that this approach is able to be applied to testability modeling and analysis for PHM systems very well, and the analysis results can provide a guide for engineers to design for testability in order to improve PHM performance.

The PbSnO3 nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis method using the organic base tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide[N(CH3)4OH] as mineralizer.The formation and structure of PbSnO3 nanoparticles were characterized by XRD,TG-DSC,and IR.The photocatalytic activity of nanoparticles on methylene blue was also investigated.Results showed that the pure cubic PbSnO3 nanoparticles could be pretty easily prepared at relatively low temperature and short time even down to 120 ℃ and 5 min with the application of the organic base N(CH3)4OH.The pH of precursor solutions was crucial to produce pure PbSnO3 nanoparticles and it must be over 13.When the photocatalysts were irradiated by the visible light,the photo-degradation of methylene blue solution could reach 88.5% as the concentration of photocatalyst was 60 mg/L and the reaction time was 100 min.