From a new case of fibroepithelial polyp in a 41 year old woman, we reviewed literature on this rare and benign pathology, for which differential diagnosis with malignant tumor is most often obtained surgically. We emphasize both diagnostic and therapeutic advantages of endoscopic approach of this lesion.

Out of 953 kidney transplantations performed in Lyon up to the end of 1984, we observed 28 (2.9%) post-operative ureteral stenoses. Most of them were diagnosed during the first year post-transplantation. Surgical reparation of the stenosis involved either ureterovesical reimplantation or pyeloureteral anastomosis with the patients' own ureter. Return to normal renal function was observed in 64.2% of our patients while in 10.7% renal function was stabilized. Actuarial postoperative graft survival was 66% at one year and 58% at two years of follow-up.

112 patients with hypertensive lesions of the renal artery were studied. 33 patients with stenosis of the trunk of the renal artery were operated with autotransplantation. 10 patients had lesions of the main branches of the renal artery and in these cases autotransplantation with the anastomosis of the two main renal artery branches to the two main branches of the hypogastric artery was performed. 24 patients with complex lesions of renal artery branches were treated with autotransplantation associated with extracorporeal repair of the renal artery. 45 patients, with lesions of the trunk of the renal artery were operated by aortorenal bypass. For lesions of the main renal artery, results were better in the group of patients treated by simple autotransplantation (82% of patients cured versus 46% with bypass operation). For lesions involving multiple branches of the renal artery extracorporeal replacement of the renal artery followed by autotransplantation often represents to the sole technique to prevent nephrectomy. Hypertension was cured or improved in more than 80% of cases. We believe autotransplantation to be the best operation for lesions of the renal artery in most cases.

None of the non surgical methods for investigations of the lymph node extension of prostate carcinoma is entirely satisfactory. However, the risk of lymphatic extension is correctly appreciated when the initial tumor is well documented by rectal examination and endo-rectal ultrasonography. Histology shows an increasing interest. IVP, CT scan are of little interest for micrometastases while the results of lymphography are improved by cytoaspiration of abnormal models. Lymphadenectomy gives the most accurate appreciation of the lymphatic extension. The reliability of frozen sections interpretation is now very satisfactory. When limited to the triangle: external iliac artery, internal iliac artery and obturator fossa, the morbidity is reduced. In case of negative lymph nodes, radical prostatectomy gives to the patients a reasonable chance of complete cure.