Breakneck speed of progress offers interdisciplinary opportunities but also continuing ethical and social concerns. Breakneck speed of progress offers interdisciplinary opportunities but also continuing ethical and social concerns.

Breakneck speed of progress offers interdisciplinary opportunities but also continuing ethical and social concerns. Breakneck speed of progress offers interdisciplinary opportunities but also continuing ethical and social concerns.

Extra‐hepatic metabolism of xenobiotics by epithelial tissues has evolved as a self‐defence mechanism but has potential to contribute to the local activation of carcinogens. Bladder epithelium (urothelium) is bathed in excreted urinary toxicants and pro‐carcinogens. This study reveals how differentiation affects cytochrome P450 (CYP) activity and the role of NADPH:P450 oxidoreductase (POR). CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 transcripts were inducible in normal human urothelial (NHU) cells maintained in both undifferentiated and functional barrier‐forming differentiated states in vitro. However, ethoxyresorufin O‐deethylation (EROD) activity, the generation of reactive BaP metabolites and BaP‐DNA adducts, were predominantly detected in differentiated NHU cell cultures. This gain‐of‐function was attributable to the expression of POR, an essential electron donor for all CYPs, which was significantly upregulated as part of urothelial differentiation. Immunohistology of muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) revealed significant overall suppression of POR expression. Stratification of MIBC biopsies into “luminal” and “basal” groups, based on GATA3 and cytokeratin 5/6 labeling, showed POR over‐expression by a subgroup of the differentiated luminal tumors. In bladder cancer cell lines, CYP1‐activity was undetectable/low in basal POR lo T24 and SCaBER cells and higher in the luminal POR over‐expressing RT4 and RT112 cells than in differentiated NHU cells, indicating that CYP‐function is related to differentiation status in bladder cancers. This study establishes POR as a predictive biomarker of metabolic potential. This has implications in bladder carcinogenesis for the hepatic versus local activation of carcinogens and as a functional predictor of the potential for MIBC to respond to prodrug therapies.

This article introduces our bicycle-based cinema device-the "kino-cine- bomber"-as a vehicle to re-imagine disused buildings and obsolete urban infrastructure for re-activated public leisure spaces. It is also a vehicle to conceptualize theoretical relations among leisure, architecture, cinematic geographies, and urban spaces. Through these lenses, we focus on a series of Situationist-inspired methods using the kino-cine-bomber to identify buildings that could be removed-as architecture by subtraction-in Coventry, United Kingdom. There, the River Sherbourne flows hidden beneath the city, culverted and capped, a relic of postwar urban planning no longer fit for purpose. We explore river "daylighting" plans by postgraduate architecture students using the kino-cine-bomber, first to trace the hidden river beneath the city streets then to project architectural designs where buildings may be repurposed and the river revealed. We discuss the possibilities of these designs and, befitting a paper celebrating Situationism, we close with a manifesto for urban leisure spaces.

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