Introduction: With breast cancer being the most prevalent malignancy worldwide, conservative treatment is of tremendous importance. Nevertheless, in many cases, mastectomy remains the indicated surgical procedure, and like any other amputation, it carries a significant burden on those patients. In the case of mastectomy, immediate breast reconstruction is the standard of care. Alloplastic reconstruction remains the most widely performed type of immediate breast reconstruction. Methods: In this article, the authors present a series of 105 cases of immediate alloplastic reconstruction in 5 years from 2015 to 2019 in Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Portugal. It includes curative and risk-reducing mastectomies performed by oncologic gynecologists. The reconstruction options offered by the plastic reconstructive team included both direct-to-implant reconstruction and two-stage reconstruction with the use of tissue expanders. Results: Data regarding the oncologic disease, type of mastectomy, patient selection criteria and immediate and late postoperative outcomes with different techniques of immediate reconstruction were collected, analyzed, and compared to literature. In our study, body mass index was the single most significant predictor of complications and, its impact was statistically significant. Conclusion: The results obtained represent an essential step to improving care quality for women undergoing breast reconstruction.

A Revista Brasileira de Cirurgia Plástica é o órgão oficial de divulgação da Sociedade Brasileira de Cirurgia Plástica (SBCP), tem como objetivo registrar a produção científica em Cirurgia Plástica, fomentar o estudo, aperfeiçoamento e atualização dos profissionais da especialidade.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) risk factors overlap with breast cancer, and the hormonal profile may be implicated in breast cancer pathogenesis. This study aims to report a literature review considering epidemiological and molecular mechanisms that correlate PCOS and breast cancer, as well as the influence of PCOS treatment on the incidence of breast cancer.Epidemiological studies failed to adjust potential variables that affect the risk and have thus provided inconclusive results. Molecular effects of androgenic pathways in breast cancer have been studied and androgens seem to have an inhibitory effect on mammary epithelial proliferation. However, increased bioavailable androgens were associated with recurrence of breast cancer due to conversion to oestrogens. Sex hormone-binding globulin has a role in hormone-dependent cancers and can be considered a marker for PCOS; a gene profile has already been linked to breast cancer risk in these patients. PCOS medical treatment is a promising tool for stratifying breast cancer risk due to the metabolic influence and hormonal environment.Clinical reports are inconsistent, emphasizing the need for further studies with a prospective design. In the future, the role of pharmacological interventions in PCOS will increase knowledge and awareness of breast cancer pathogenesis and will help to refine breast cancer risk stratification.

Introduction: Primary gynecological lymphoma is rarely reported in the literature. The incidence of primary extranodal lymphoma is approximately 25%, and of these cases, only 1% originate in the female genital tract.

Objective: Knowledge of breast cancer patterns over time allows a better understanding of the disease, with benefits for research and treatment improvement. This study analyses the evolution of epidemiological and pathological patterns in premenopausal breast cancer over two decades. Material and methods: Medical records from premenopausal breast cancer patients in our department were analysed. Two comparison groups over time were established: group A (1995-1998) and B (2008-2011). Results: Group A included 105 patients and group B 282, revealing an increasing incidence. A significant increase in patient age at diagnosis, age at first pregnancy, breastfeeding and hormonal contraception lifespan were observed, as well as a significant decrease in age of menarche. Imagiological diagnosis increased over time, resulting in an earlier stage disease. Surgical treatment has become predominantly conservative and hormone therapy has increased markedly. Overall prognosis was improved, followed by a significant decrease in recurrence and mortality rates. Conclusion: From 1995 to 2011, significant changes are reported in premenopausal breast cancer in women, which reflects the enormous and significant improvement in healthcare. point and the skill of the enumerator. The information included demographic characteristics–age, ethnicity and body mass index; gynecologic and obstetric data–age of menarche, length of use of hormonal contraception, parity, age at first pregnancy and breastfeeding; clinical characteristics of the tumour–palpable/non-palpable and stage (TNM); histopathological features–tumour type, tumour grade, lymph node status, oestrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PR), and HER2 receptors status; therapeutic protocols; mortality and recurrence rate.