塑料排水板(prefabricated vertical drain,PVD)处理深厚软基的固结计算是工程设计中的关键问题.为改进现有固结理论未能考虑长期排水固结过程中滤膜周围附土淤堵作用的不足,通过室内模型试验得到了塑料排水板长期固结过程中淤堵区渗透系数的自然对数与时间的线性关系,并在此基础之上推导了考虑密切影响区及普通影响区渗透系数随时间变化的等应变固结解.最后基于现场实测的固结度数据,对比了传统计算方法和改进方法的计算结果,发现改进方法的计算值的精度在固结后期比传统方法高了 11.16％,论证了改进方法的有效性.

鲜食番茄以日光温室、塑料大棚等设施栽培为主,棚室中温湿度相对较高,利于病虫害的滋生,防治难度较大.介绍了设施鲜食番茄的主要品种,探讨了番茄常见的病虫害类型,分析了病害的病症病状、虫害的为害特点及其发生规律,提出综合防控措施,促进鲜食番茄产业的健康发展.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of anal dimple anorectoplasty on female infants with congenital anal atresia combined rectal vestibular fistula.Methods:Clinical data of 69 female infants with congenital anal atresia combined rectal vestibular fistula admitted to Department of Pediatric Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from July 2012 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into 2 groups according to the surgical methods: 34 cases of anal dimple anorectoplasty(group A) and 35 cases of anterior sagittal anorectoplasty(group B). The operation time, length of stay, short-term complications, long-term complications and bowel function (determined by the Rintala score at 6 months postoperatively) of the two groups were compared.The difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between groups was compared by Chi- square test, and the remaining differences between groups were compared by the paired t-test. Results:The operative time [(80.18±9.29) min vs.(103.85±8.26) min] and postoperative hospital stay[(6.10±1.52) d vs.(7.63±2.40) d] in group A were significantly shorter than those of group B ( t=11.40, 2.62; all P<0.05). The Rintala total score at 6 months postoperatively in group A was significantly higher than that of group B[(19.36±0.93) points vs.(18.76±0.44) points]( t=3.20, P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the incidences of short-term [(4/34, 11.8%) vs.(7/35, 20.0%)] and long-term complications [(2/34, 5.9%) vs.(4/35, 11.4%)]between group A and group B ( χ2=0.75, 0.75; all P>0.05). Conclusions:Anal dimple anorectoplasty for female infants with congenital anal atresia combined rectal vestibular fistula is safe and effective.

目的:研究浙贝母Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.的生态适宜性,为其产地适宜性区域选择提供一定的参考.方法:通过数据收集、实地采样及文献查询,得到47个浙贝母分布点数据,通过百度拾取坐标系统确定分布点经纬度坐标,结合19个生物气候因子、4个(10月至次年6月)单月数据(降水量、太阳辐射、最低温、最高温),3个地形因子及10个土壤因子,采用MaxEnt数学模型和ArcGIS软件进行分析.结果:浙贝母的适生区主要集中在东南区域,总面积占国土面积的14.7％,其中高适生区占0.7％,中适生区占4.3％,低适生区占9.7％.高适生区主要分布于浙江、江苏、安徽三个省份,集中在三省交界处.影响浙贝母适生区分布的主导环境因子为12月最低温度(Tmin12)、5月最低温度(Tmin5)、3月降雨量(Prec3)、11月降雨量(Prec11)、降雨量季节性变异系数(Bio15)、5月太阳辐射(Srad5).结论:该研究可为浙贝母产地适宜性区域的选择提供一定的科学依据.

为解决连作西瓜根结线虫病发生逐年加重、化学药剂抗药性突出及防治效果不理想等问题,更好地促进西瓜产业提质增效,以小果型西瓜为试材,试验设7个处理,对植物微生态制剂防治西瓜根结线虫病的应用效果进行了评价.结果表明,5个植物微生物制剂处理组中处理7(基施2种微生态制剂各150 kg/hm2,随水施药2种微生态制剂各75 kg/hm2,施用2次)应用效果最佳,根结线虫防治效果可达67.33%,早春茬西瓜成熟期提前5d左右,可溶性固形物含量提高1.5%以上,增产37.86%.植物微生态制剂不仅能有效防治西瓜根结线虫病,还能促进植株生长,提高可溶性固形物含量与产量,为西瓜根结线虫病的安全有效防控提供了新途径.

目的 评价不同产地浙贝母质量.方法 采用UV-Vis、HPLC-ELSD、HPLC-DAD法测定总生物碱含量,贝母素甲、贝母素乙总含量,水溶性成分(尿嘧啶、胞苷、尿苷、2-脱氧尿苷、肌苷、腺嘌呤、胸苷、腺苷、2-脱氧腺苷)总含量,主成分分析(PCA)、偏最小二乘法-判别分析(OPLS-DA)评价质量.结果 浙江产浙贝母中总生物碱含量,贝母素甲、贝母素乙总含量,9 种水溶性成分总含量均高于湖南安化、湖北宜昌产,其中舟山产样品中 9 种水溶性成分总含量、总生物碱含量,象山产样品中贝母素甲、贝母素乙总含量显著高于其他浙江产地样品中.结论 浙江产浙贝母质量较好,以舟山、象山产更明显.本实验可为该药材采购产地选择及优良新品种选育提供参考.

Objective:To explore the outcomes of different surgical approaches based upon fistula typing for acquired rectovestibular fistula (ARF).Methods:The relevant clinical data were retrospectively reviewed for 61 hospitalized ARF girls from January 2016 to December 2022.The median age was 48(7-132) months.Depending on the specific type of fistula, different surgical approaches were adopted: type Ⅰ (n=41) transrectal repair, type Ⅱ (n=11) transrectal fistula excision and repair type Ⅲ (n=7) and Ⅳ (n=2) inside-out fistula realignment, excision of fistula and transrectal repair.Results:Among them, 59(96.7%) had primary healing of fistula and discharged occurred within 5 to 7 days postoperatively.Two cases (3.3%) had complications.During a follow-up period of 6 to 72 months, perineal appearances were normal and there was no urinary or fecal incontinence or anal stricture.Conclusions:Using different surgical approaches for ARF based upon fistula typing, there are a low complication rate and a rapid postoperative recovery and the prognosis is decent.

Objective:To systematically review the safety and feasibility of perioperative application of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) for children with congenital choledochal cyst.Methods:The literatures about the application of ERAS in pediatric congenital choledochal cyst were searched in Chinese and English databases including Wanfang Medical Network, CNKI, PubMed, Web of Science and EBSCO.Only Chinese and English literatures were searched from January 1, 2000 to August 31, 2021.English and Chinese keywords included enhanced recovery after surgery, fast track surgery, ERAS, FTS, choledochal cysts, choledochocyst, bile duct cyst, biliary dilatation and surgery.Two researchers were selected to complete data entry, including case load, perioperative interventional measures, initial postoperative exhaust and defecation time, postoperative length of stay and complications.Meta-analysis was performed with Stata 13.0 software.And I2 test was utilized for examining the heterogeneity between the eligible studies.And fixed/random-effect model was employed according to the test results.Publication bias was assessed by Begg's test.Sensitivity analysis was performed for initial postoperative defecation time and postoperative hospitalization stay.Results:Seven articles with a total of 478 cases were retrieved.As compared with conventional group, ERAS group had significantly shorter initial postoperative defecation (SMD=1.19, 95% CI: 0.86-1.52, P<0.001) and postoperative length of hospitalization stay (SMD=1.97, 95% CI: 1.55-2.38, P<0.001). ERAS group had a lower incidence of postoperative incision infection ( OR=0.32, 95% CI: 0.10-0.98, P<0.05), postoperative anastomotic leakage ( OR=0.16, 95% CI: 0.03-0.91, P<0.05) and postoperative respiratory tract infection ( OR=0.19, 95% CI: 0.06-0.60, P<0.05). Conclusions:For children with choledochal cyst, application of ERAS concept in perioperative period is both safe and feasible.It may accelerate the recovery of postoperative intestinal function, shorten postoperative length of stay and lower the occurrence of postoperative complications.

为探明蠋蝽(Arma chinensis)对白菜斜纹夜蛾(Spodoptera litura Fabricius)的控制效果,研究了不同益害比释放蠋蝽对斜纹夜蛾的防治效果.结果表明,在斜纹夜蛾发生初期,释放蠋蝽3龄若虫可有效控制斜纹夜蛾为害.3种益害比(1:5、1:10、1:15)释放后10 d防效与5％氯虫苯甲酰胺无显著差异.实际应用中害虫密度低于45头/m2时,按1:15的益害比释放天敌可达到与化学防治相近的效果.

玉米作为一种重要的粮食产物,其种植情况与当地农业及经济发展有着密切关系.但在实际玉米种植过程中,玉米生长受天气影响较大,常会遇到各种气象灾害,不仅影响玉米的健康生长,还会降低其产量,给农民造成较大的经济损失.分析夏玉米的生育期、主要农事活动、气象灾害指标及夏玉米病虫害指标,并提出具体的防御措施,如选择抗旱方式播种、及时排水减少作物受淹时间、及时扶正并进行浅培土、调节播期、合理密植、及时灌溉、加强田间管理等,从而规避风险,提高玉米抵御气象灾害的能力.

目的 探讨综合护理对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者血糖水平及妊娠结局的影响.方法 选择2019年12月至2020年12月我院收治的GDM患者140例,按入院时间不同将其分为对照组和观察组各70例.对照组应用常规护理,观察组应用综合护理,比较两组患者的血糖水平、妊娠结局和护理满意度.结果 护理后,观察组的FPG、2hPG水平均低于对照组(P＜0.05).观察组妊娠结局优于对照组(P＜0.05).观察组护理满意度为91.4％,显著高于对照组的72.9％(P＜0.05).结论 综合护理可有效控制GDM患者的血糖水平,改善妊娠结局,提高护理满意度,值得临床应用推广.

目的:研究薏苡仁炮制过程中化学成分含量与颜色值的相关性,为薏苡仁炮制过程质量控制提供理论依据.方法:采用HPLC法对薏苡仁中9个化学成分(甘油三亚油酸酯、1,2-二油酰基-3-油酰反式甘油、1,2-二亚油酸-3-棕榈酸甘油酯、1,2-二油酸-3-亚油酸甘油酯、1-棕榈酸2-油酸-3-亚油酸甘油酯、1,3-二棕榈酸-2-亚油酸甘油酯、甘油三油酸酯、1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯和1,3-二棕榈酸-2-油酸甘油酯)含量进行测定;以薏苡仁炮制过程样品为研究对象,利用色差计采集色度值(L *、a*、b*、E*ab).结果:3批生品到麸炒品的炮制过程中,色度值L*、E*ab数值越小,9个指标性成分含量越大;色度值a*、b*数值越大,9个指标性成分含量越大.在3批麸炒品到炮制太过的炮制过程中,色度值L*、E* ab与9个指标性成分含量均基本呈显著性正相关;色度值a*与9个指标性成分含量均基本呈显著性负相关;色度值b* 与9个指标性成分含量在产地山东和安徽批次中均基本呈正相关,但均无显著性,产地四川批次中呈负相关,无显著性.结论:薏苡仁炮制过程含量与颜色具有一定的相关性,本实验为薏苡仁炮制过程质量控制提供了理论依据.

Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of combining pediatric appendicitis score (PAS) with high-frequency ultrasound for appendicitis types in children over 5 years of age.Methods:Retrospective analysis was performed for 394 hospitalized appendicitis children fulfilling the inclusion criteria from January 2018 to December 2020.There were 270 boys and 124 girls with a mean age of (8.94±2.28) years.Depending on intraoperative finding and the final histology, patients were classified into two groups of simple appendicitis ( n=113) and non-simple appendicitis ( n=281). The effects of general data, PAS and ultrasonic images were compared between two groups.Fisher's stepwise discriminant analysis was employed for establishing a discriminant function by applying significant variables.Then the diagnostic efficacy of this model was verified by self-test, cross-validation and validation group. Results:Univariate analysis indicated that 13 factors were statistically different between two group ( P<0.05). Seven parameters of PAS, illegibility of wall layers, count of leucocyte, duration of symptoms, periappendiceal fluid, enlarged appendix and thickened periappendiceal fat were considered ultimately.The discriminant function equation was Y1=-14.446-1.312 X3+ 1.102 X5+ 0.481 X2+ 0.065 X1-1.884 X6+ 4.046 X4+ 3.878 X7, Y2=-36.834+ 1.509 X3+ 4.297 X5+ 0.687 X2+ 0.110 X1-0.167 X6+ 3.432 X4+ 0.874 X7.The results obtained by self-test and cross-validation all indicated that the accuracy rate of discriminant function was 94.7%(373/394); The results verified by validation group showed that the accuracy rate of discriminant function was 94.4%(84/89). Conclusion:Combining PAS with high-frequency ultrasound is useful in distinguishing the types of appendicitis in children aged above 5 years.Thus clinicians may formulate reasonable treatments for acute appendicitis in children.

农业是受气象灾害影响最为敏感的行业.总结了阜阳市近年来"三农"气象服务的成功经验和存在的问题,对照全面实施乡村振兴战略的目标任务,探索了做好阜阳为农气象服务工作的改进方向,并提出了在乡村振兴战略下开展为农气象服务的具体措施,把握"三农"生产需求,完善气象服务内容及方式,为助力乡村振兴提供可靠技术保障.

为了优化Mg(OH)2材料的吸附去除效果,采用溶剂热-种子沉淀法制备出2种Fe3O4@Mg(OH)2磁性复合材料,将其用作水溶液中Ni2+的吸附去除剂.采用单因素实验考察水溶液pH、吸附温度、吸附时间、共存阳离子等因素对其吸附效果的影响.结果表明:当水溶液pH为7.4,吸附温度为30℃,吸附时间分别为30 min和120 min时,2种Fe3O4@Mg(OH)2磁性复合材料对Ni2+的移除率分别达到99.3％和99.7％,吸附量分别达到124.1 mg/g和332.0 mg/g.K+的加入对吸附过程几乎没有影响,而Cu2+的加入大大降低了 2种磁性复合材料对Ni2+的吸附效果.吸附动力学模拟结果得出,2种磁性复合材料吸附水溶液中的Ni2+都更符合准二级动力学方程,表明吸附过程以化学吸附为主.本研究结果证明Fe3O4@Mg(OH)2磁性复合材料可以有效吸附去除水中的Ni2+.

目的 研究薏苡仁麸炒前后HPLC指纹图谱与治疗脾虚水湿不化药效之间的相关性,为明确薏苡仁麸炒前后药效物质基础提供实验依据.方法 通过HPLC法建立麸炒前后薏苡仁指纹图谱;建立脾虚水湿不化大鼠模型,比较其麸炒前后的药效作用;同时采用灰色关联度法,对5批生品及其麸炒品进行谱效关系分析,分别找出关联度较大的化学成分,并比较麸炒前后谱-效关系差异.结果 HPLC指纹图谱中指认9个共有峰.与模型组比较,生品与麸炒品均有显著性差异;与生品组比较,麸炒薏苡仁各药效指标明显高于生品.麸炒品中9种共有成分与GAS、MTL、SS、体质量、胸腺指数以及脾指数的关联度明显高于生品;生品中9种共有成分与VIP的关联度明显高于麸炒品.结论 薏苡仁治疗脾虚水湿不化的药效是多成分共同作用结果,麸炒后药效明显高于麸炒前.

通过从名称、基源等方面对贝母进行本草考证,比较区分各类贝母,确定浙贝母的基源特征,并整理浙贝母的历代产地变迁情况,以期能够正本究源,为其合理开发利用提供参考.查阅历代本草文献,对贝母信息进行梳理及考证.历史上对贝母的认识较为模糊,统称"贝母",明代开始有"南""西"之分,不久又分"川贝母""浙贝母",清代对其性味、功效等差异更为清晰,临床上主要以这两种贝母为主要药用品种.文章对贝母的基源品种、名称演变等进行本草考证,梳理浙贝母的历史记载,并说明了浙贝母的产地变迁情况,为进一步开发利用浙贝母资源提供了一定的依据.

为探明智利小植绥螨(Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot)防治设施西瓜二斑叶螨的关键技术和持续控害效果,研究了不同释放时期和释放量条件下智利小植绥螨对西瓜二斑叶螨的防治效果,并持续调查了连续4年释放智利小植绥螨的防治效果.结果表明,释放时期显著影响智利小植绥螨对二斑叶螨的防治效果,二斑叶螨平均数量≤2头/片叶时,释放智利小植绥螨对二斑叶螨的控制效果最好,最大防治效果为82.3％,当二斑叶螨平均数量>50头/片叶时,防治效果较差,不宜释放;释放量也显著影响智利小植绥螨对二斑叶螨的防治效果,按照25头/m2和30头/m2释放智利小植绥螨7、14 d的防治效果均能超过80％,14 d的防治效果显著高于43％联苯肼酯悬浮剂;连续4年定点定棚使用智利小植绥螨防治二斑叶螨,天敌释放量逐年降低,10头/m2释放量即可有效控制二斑叶螨为害,防治效果为89.7％.

目的:探讨丁苯酞(NBP)对脓毒症大鼠肠系膜动脉内皮的作用及其可能机制.方法:将40只SD大鼠均分为假手术(SHAM)组、脓毒症(CLP)组、丁苯酞低剂量干预(CLP+NBP-L)组、丁苯酞高剂量干预(CLP+NBP-H)组.观察大鼠术后24 h在体心功能及肠腔变化;HE染色观察肠系膜动脉的形态改变;酶联免疫吸附法和硝酸还原法检测大鼠血清中IL-6,TNF-α水平和肠系膜动脉匀浆中eNOS活性及NO含量;微血管张力测定系统检测各组肠系膜动脉张力变化.结果:与CLP组相比,CLP+NBP-L组和CLP+NBP-H组大鼠心功能改善(P＜0.05 ),肠系膜动脉损伤减轻(P＜0.05 );血清中IL-6,TNF-α水平降低(P＜0.05),肠系膜动脉eNOS活性及NO含量升高(P＜0.05 );微血管对Ach介导的舒张效应改善(P＜0.05 );经L-NAME,NS-2028分别孵育30 min后,肠系膜动脉对Ach介导的舒张功能减弱(P＜0.001).结论:NBP可改善脓毒症大鼠肠系膜动脉的舒张效应,其机制可能是通过调节NO-sGC-cGMP通路实现对内皮的保护作用.

为研究不同天敌种类及释放方式对害虫的防控效果,在不同栽培模式的大棚辣椒上,单独释放东亚小花蝽[Orius sauteri(Poppius)]和混合释放东亚小花蝽与巴氏新小绥螨[Neoseiulus barkeri(Hughes)]防治西花蓟马[Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande)],结果表明:单独释放东亚小花蝽2头/m2和混合释东亚小花蝽1头/m2+巴氏新小绥螨50头/m2,每周释放1次,连续释放3次,第3次释放14 d后各处理对西花蓟马均表现出良好防效,为84.16％～98.28％;同时,东亚小花蝽在不同栽培模式大棚辣椒上均可成功定殖,控效持久.结合防治成本,混合应用东亚小花蝽1头/m2+巴氏新小绥螨50头/m2为最佳释放方式.