Considering the severity and frequency of industry-specific shocks, this paper examines how sector-induced contagion effects caused by significant crises (e.g., the global financial crisis and COVID-19) propagate between energy and agricultural sectors worldwide. Relevant literature fails to concern the influence of these cross-sectoral transmission mechanisms on the energy-agriculture nexus and its relevance. By modifying the copula-extreme value theory-marginal expected shortfall (Copula-EVT-MES) method and using daily commodity returns from 2005M3–2020M5, our study captures significant intersectoral systemic risk spillovers, with asymmetrical and persistent patterns in energy-agricultural pairs. Furthermore, the bioethanol production (physical channel) and the financialization of commodities (financial channel) mainly relate to the shock spillovers. Compared to the financial crisis, the systemic risk spillovers in the COVID-19 crisis rely more on the physical channel, which emphasizes the importance of bioenergy-related shocks. The macro-conditions and supply-demand shocks are also important determinants for such spillovers during the ongoing crisis.

This paper projects the effects of changes in Australia's tariff policy on economic activity and employment in each of the states. It concludes that increases in protection increase employment in Victoria while reducing employment in Western Australia and Queensland. The methodological approach is based on Leontief et al, R.E. Stat. (1965). However, modifications are made so that Leontief's method (originally applied with a conventional input-output model) can be applied with ORANI, a model in the Johansen class. As wel1 as results, the paper provides complete descriptions of the data input and theory.

Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policyVolume E1, Issue 57 p. 10-26 SOME CAUSES OF STRUCTURAL MALADJUSTMENT IN THE AUSTRALIAN ECONOMY Peter B. Dixon, Peter B. DixonSearch for more papers by this authorB. R. Parmenter, B. R. ParmenterSearch for more papers by this authorJohn Sutton, John SuttonSearch for more papers by this author Peter B. Dixon, Peter B. DixonSearch for more papers by this authorB. R. Parmenter, B. R. ParmenterSearch for more papers by this authorJohn Sutton, John SuttonSearch for more papers by this author First published: January 1978 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-3441.1978.tb00780.xCitations: 11AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature VolumeE1, Issue57January 1978Pages 10-26 RelatedInformation