Resource scarcity has increased interest in the circular economy (CE) for environmental, economic, and social sustainability. The goal is to minimize waste generation and efficiently incorporate waste back into production processes without adversely impacting human health or the environment.By recognising the importance of assessing the potential accumulation of chemicals and associated risks within the CE, the Horizon 2020 project PROMISCES focuses specifically on the so-called "forever chemicals" such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in five CE routes, including semi-closed water cycles for drinking water (DW), wastewater reuse in agriculture, nutrient recovery from sewage sludge, material recovery from dredged sediments, and groundwater and land remediation for safe reuse.Based on the results from literature reviews, experiments and case studies, the project addresses the fate and transfer of PFAS across these CE routes. Despite the challenge of analysing PFAS in complex matrices such as sludge and wastewater, robust and sensitive methods have been developed and the following conclusions can be obtained:Wastewater treatment provides a limited removal efficiency, especially when wastewater treatment plants receive large contributions from industrial wastewater streams. Advanced wastewater treatment technologies implemented for micro-pollutant removal are not fully effective for all PFAS. Additionally, degradation of precursors can result in increased PFAS concentrations in the effluent. Consequently, until new treatment solutions are implemented, PFAS hotspots may not be able to implement wastewater reuse (e.g. for irrigation).Riverbank filtration, as a first DW treatment stage, demonstrates limited removal of PFAS. Accordingly, in the presence of an upstream emission source, DW providers may need to implement advanced water treatment technologies.During wastewater and landfill leachate treatment, particularly long-chain PFAS may accumulate in sludge. Although low level of targeted PFAS compounds were quantified, the presence of precursors in sludge is suspected and may present a barrier to its agronomic valorization. To date, PFAS content in sewage sludge is not regulated and depending on the country, sludge may be spread on agricultural land, incinerated, or disposed in landfills. Valorisation of dredged sediment as secondary raw material has the advantage of limiting the cost of management and limiting the use of raw materials. Depending on the nature of the sediment (in particular organic matter content) and on the PFAS loads, different treatments result in different removal efficiencies. Moreover, treatments can result in the formation of new persistent PFAS from precursors. When initial loads are low, it seems possible to eliminate PFAS from the solid fraction. Nevertheless, the destruction of residual PFAS in the washing solution is necessary.In situ and on-site treatments of water and soil are confronted with environmental realities. Even if treatment trains can help overcome the complexity of PFAS treatment, the process efficiency is highly dependent on the alkyl chain length and the functional groups. As for sediment, although various treatment techniques exist, such as PFAS immobilisation, these do not result in complete degradation or removal of PFAS. This stands in the way of achieving a CE, as only after full removal of PFAS, safe reuse of resources can be guaranteed.

Wasser ist weit mehr als ein Rohstoff – es wird zum zentralen Faktor der Energiewende. Für die Produktion von grünem Wasserstoff ist Reinstwasser unerlässlich. Moderne Entsalzungsverfahren wie Umkehrosmose und Membrandestillation ermöglichen eine energieeffiziente Aufbereitung von Meerwasser. Eine Sektorenkopplung steigert Effizienz und Nachhaltigkeit.

AbstractWasser ist für die Prozessindustrie unverzichtbar: Ob als Kühl‐ oder Lösemittel, als Reagens oder Produktbestandteil. Die Chemie‐ und Pharmaproduktion entwickelt sich immer weiter – Wasserstoff, Digitalisierung, Kreislaufführung, neue Produktionsprozesse. Was bedeutet das für die industrielle Wasserwirtschaft?

Abstract Water of different qualities is used in a wide range of industrial processes. After usage, various substances enter the water streams, generating the industrial wastewater whose characteristics may include recalcitrant organics, high salinity, heavy metals, extreme pH, high turbidity, etc. Nowadays, water in industry tends to form a recycling loop, as boosted by regional water scarcity, strict policies on emission control and arising public concerns. The trend increases the challenge of technical solutions and management tools. This book seeks to answer some of the challenges of industrial water management, and covers topics such as membrane separation, adsorption, advanced oxidation and applications. In Focus–a book series that showcases the latest accomplishments in water research. Each book focuses on a specialist area with papers from top experts in the field. It aims to be a vehicle for in-depth understanding and inspire further conversations in the sector.

Water of different qualities is used in a wide range of industrial processes. After usage, various substances enter the water streams, generating the industrial wastewater whose characteristics may include recalcitrant organics, high salinity, heavy metals, extreme pH, high turbidity, etc. Nowadays, water in industry tends to form a recycling loop, as boosted by regional water scarcity, strict policies on emission control and arising public concerns. The trend increases the challenge of technical solutions and management tools. This book seeks to answer some of the challenges of industrial water management, and covers topics such as membrane separation, adsorption, advanced oxidation and applications.In Focus–a book series that showcases the latest accomplishments in water research. Each book focuses on a specialist area with papers from top experts in the field. It aims to be a vehicle for in-depth understanding and inspire further conversations in the sector.

The PROMISCES project aims to understand the origins, routes and fates of industrial persistent, mobile and potentially toxic pollutants (iPM(T)s), including per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). These substances, also called “forever chemicals”, can be harmful to the environment, human health and circular economy resources. PROMISCES will develop, test and demonstrate, new technologies and innovations to prevent, monitor and remediate iPM(T)s in the soil-sediment-water system under real-life conditions in the field. In this way, PROMISCES will establish more cost-effective, sustainable and ecological technologies for remediating PFAS and iPM(T)s. The project will support the European Green Deal goals and sustainability roadmap of urbanised areas by reducing the environmental impacts on waters (surface and groundwater, urban runoff, drinking waters, wastewater, landfill leachate), soils (contaminated sites, brownfields) and dredged sediments (river, seaports) and of nutrient and material recovery (from sewage sludge to recovered fertilisers, dredged sediments to valorised materials, reclaimed water to crops). To pursue this objective, PROMISCES is centered around seven representative case studies in different European regions linked with challenging chemical pollution, including locations in Spain, Italy, Bulgaria, France, Germany and the Danube river basin between Vienna and Budapest. This Horizon2020-Green Deal project will address key technological challenges while also developing recommendations for implementing relevant EU plans - such as the Zero Pollution Action Plan, the Circular Economy Action Plan and the EU chemicals strategy for sustainability - and EU policy directives, such as the Sewage Sludge Directive and the Water Framework Directive.

Stricter environmental regulation policies and freshwater as an increasingly valuable resource have led to global growth of zero liquid discharge (ZLD) processes in recent years. During this development, in addition to water, the recovery of recyclable materials, e.g. salts, from industrial wastewater and brines is considered more frequently. Within the framework of the HighCon research project, the subject of this study, a new ZLD process with the goal of pure single-salt recovery from industrial wastewater has been developed and investigated in a demonstrational setup at an industrial site. With regard to pure salts recovery, separating organic components is of great importance during the treatment of the concentrate arising from used water recycling. The removal of COD and of ions responsible for scaling worked very well using nanofiltration. The nanofiltration permeate containing the monovalent ions was pre-concentrated using electrodialysis and membrane distillation before selective crystallization for single-salt recovery was performed. An example economic case study for the newly developed ZLD process – based on demonstration results and considering optimization measures for a full-scale design – indicates that the costs are equal to those of a conventional ZLD process, which, however, does not provide inter alia the aforementioned benefit of single-salt recovery.

Water is used intensively by various sectors such as agriculture, industry, and the public. Increasing global water demand and the effects of climate change are leading to overuse of water resources in many regions. One strategy to meet these challenges is to implement an integrated industrial water management, e.g., by water reuse or the use of alternative water resources. The development of new concepts and technical, digital, and nontechnical innovations together with priorities will continue to set the course for future integrated water management, particularly in the industrial environment.

Chemie Ingenieur TechnikVolume 91, Issue 9 p. 1350-1350 VorschauFree Access Vorschau: Chem. Ing. Tech. 10/2019 First published: 22 August 2019 https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.201970908AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume91, Issue9September 2019Pages 1350-1350 RelatedInformation

Chemie Ingenieur TechnikVolume 90, Issue 10 p. 1598-1598 VorschauFree Access Vorschau: Chem. Ing. Tech. 11/2018 First published: 25 September 2018 https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.201871009AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume90, Issue10Special Issue: Carbon2Chem®October 2018Pages 1598-1598 RelatedInformation

Chemie Ingenieur TechnikVolume 90, Issue 9 p. 1187-1187 TandemvortragFree Access Industriewasser 4.0 – Digitalisierung im industriellen Wassermanagement T. Track, Corresponding Author T. Track thomas.track@dechema.de DECHEMA e.V, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486 Frankfurt am Main, DeutschlandCorrespondence: T. Track (thomas.track@dechema.de), DECHEMA e.V., Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486 Frankfurt am Main, DeutschlandSearch for more papers by this authorM. Kozariszczuk, M. Kozariszczuk VDEh-Betriebsforschungsinstitut GmbH, Ressourcentechnologie Flüssige Medien, Sohnstraße 65, 40237 Düsseldorf, DeutschlandSearch for more papers by this author T. Track, Corresponding Author T. Track thomas.track@dechema.de DECHEMA e.V, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486 Frankfurt am Main, DeutschlandCorrespondence: T. Track (thomas.track@dechema.de), DECHEMA e.V., Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486 Frankfurt am Main, DeutschlandSearch for more papers by this authorM. Kozariszczuk, M. Kozariszczuk VDEh-Betriebsforschungsinstitut GmbH, Ressourcentechnologie Flüssige Medien, Sohnstraße 65, 40237 Düsseldorf, DeutschlandSearch for more papers by this author First published: 24 August 2018 https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.201855122Citations: 1AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume90, Issue9Special Issue: ProcessNet-Jahrestagung und 33. DECHEMA-Jahrestagung der Biotechnologen 2018September 2018Pages 1187-1187 RelatedInformation

Electrochemical technologies for the treatment of industrial and municipal wastewaters, potable water, and groundwater, are presented, focusing on the main water constituents: inorganics, organics, micropollutants, and microorganisms. Removal of inorganic compounds by electrodialysis, electrocoagulation, and capacitive deionization as well as removal of organics and micropollutants by electrosorption, advanced oxidation processes, and anodic oxidation with boron-doped diamond electrodes are reviewed. Electricity can be generated by degradation of organic compounds in microbial fuel cells and dehalogenation by cathodic reduction minimizes toxic substances in water. The disinfection of different types of water is also presented and it is shown that electrochemical methods offer versatile approaches to contribute to an sustainable future water management.

Chemie Ingenieur TechnikVolume 88, Issue 9 p. 1320-1320 Übersichtsvortrag Integriertes industrielles Wassermanagement – E4Water Dr. T. Track, Corresponding Author Dr. T. Track track@dechema.de DECHEMA, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486 Frankfurt am Main, DeutschlandDECHEMA, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486 Frankfurt am Main, DeutschlandSearch for more papers by this authorDr. C. Jungfer, Dr. C. Jungfer DECHEMA, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486 Frankfurt am Main, DeutschlandSearch for more papers by this authorK. Wendler, K. Wendler DECHEMA, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486 Frankfurt am Main, DeutschlandSearch for more papers by this author Dr. T. Track, Corresponding Author Dr. T. Track track@dechema.de DECHEMA, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486 Frankfurt am Main, DeutschlandDECHEMA, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486 Frankfurt am Main, DeutschlandSearch for more papers by this authorDr. C. Jungfer, Dr. C. Jungfer DECHEMA, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486 Frankfurt am Main, DeutschlandSearch for more papers by this authorK. Wendler, K. Wendler DECHEMA, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486 Frankfurt am Main, DeutschlandSearch for more papers by this author First published: 29 August 2016 https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.201650470AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume88, Issue9Special Issue: ProcessNet-Jahrestagung und 32. DECHEMA-Jahrestagung der Biotechnologen 2016September, 2016Pages 1320-1320 RelatedInformation

Soft re-use of brownfields describes intended temporary or final re-uses of brownfield sites which are not based on built constructions or infrastructure (‘hard’ re-use). Examples of soft re-uses include the creation of public green space. These are essentially uses where the soil is not sealed. Often the case for soft re-use of brownfields has not been easy to demonstrate in strictly financial terms. The purpose of this paper is to describe a value based approach to identify and optimise services provided by the restoration of brownfields to soft re-uses, on a permanent or interim basis. A ‘Brownfield Opportunity Matrix’ is suggested as means of identifying and discussing soft restoration opportunities. The use of ‘sustainability linkages’ is suggested as a means of understanding the sustainability of the services under consideration and providing a structure for the overall valuation of restoration work, for example as part of design or option appraisal processes, or to support the solicitation of interest in a project.

The increasing concentrations and diversity of trace pollutants and pathogens in the water cycle are a challenge with regard to their classification, assessment and elimination. As a result the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) initiated the funding measure “Risk Management of Emerging Compounds and Pathogens in the Water Cycle (RiSKWa)“. The aim of the programme is to develop innovative technologies and concepts for the risk management of these compounds towards a preventive environmental and health protection based on an application-oriented approach. Having started between October 2011 and January 2012, 12 joint research projects with more than 90 actors from science, industry, society and authorities are working on “Risk characterisation and management“, “Technologies for emission and immission management” and “Measures for communication and education” during the next 3 years.

The health of river basins throughout the world is under pressure from economic activities and a changing climate. Water is necessary for life, agriculture and many industrial production processes. But water is also a receptor for our waste products. In Europe, diffuse pollution from agriculture and our industrial legacy, together with hydraulic engineering for navigation, water supply, hydroelectricity or flood control, is seen as the main factor adversely influencing the quality and ecology of European freshwaters and estuaries. Economic activities affect the chemical and ecological status of our rivers, lakes and groundwater and deplete available soil–sediment–water resources. The wide range of economic activities and the ecohydrological complexity of many river basins, in terms of the functioning of the soil–sediment–water system and the links between water quantity, quality and economic activities, make a more integrated management approach to river basins complex and challenging. As the pressures from both anthropogenic and natural causes on environmental systems increase, it is no longer effective or efficient to deal with one issue at a time, since solving a singular problem often causes damaging impacts on other environmental compartments or in other places. We must consider the consequences of our actions on all parts of the environment in an integrated way and configure these actions to cope with an uncertain future. These challenges demand a different approach in order to achieve actual improvement of the ecological quality of our river basins and thus sustain the goods and services they provide for the well-being of society. Risk-informed management is this new approach. It involves the integrated application of three key principles: be well informed, manage adaptively and take a participatory approach. Be Well Informed: This implies that a sound understanding of the functioning of the soil–sediment–water system (ecosystem) and its interaction with the social system is the basis to river basin management. A range of European Commission (EC) Framework Programme projects, like AQUATERRA and MODELKEY, have helped deliver, through a range of applied tools, new ecosystem understanding at the site-specific, catchment and river basin scales. For instance, they produced evidence that ecosystem functioning is threatened by contaminants, such as pesticides, nutrients and metals, that are propagated via groundwater pathways from the land surface to rivers, lakes and the sea. Furthermore, there is also evidence that this functioning is threatened by historic contamination mobilised by extreme floods from sediments within rivers, on riverbanks or in floodplain soils. The first generation of river basin management plans (published end of 2009) has only rarely included targeted measures to mitigate these risks. However, the Water Framework Directive (WFD, Annex IV) demands that such system understanding should be integrated in the first (to be published in 2015) or subsequent updates of these plans. Manage Adaptively: Using our best available understanding on how river ecosystems function will certainly improve river basin management. However, when using scenarios—like the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPPC) Special Report on Emission Scenarios (SRES)—or other tools to frame plausible trajectories of change, uncertainties will always remain. This is intrinsic to social as well as ecological systems. Systems, especially at larger scales, are extremely complex and dynamic and can respond in non-linear and unexpected ways. We may be able to cope with these uncertainties by applying the concept of adaptive management, characterised as ‘learning-by-doing’ or ‘learning to manage by managing to learn’. In addressing changes in climate and hydrology, the EC Framework Programme project NEWATER delivered guidance to apply the concept in practice. Take a Participatory Approach: Participatory processes involve stakeholders in management and aim to enable them to exchange their views and opinions on problems and bring their knowledge to the table. By learning together to understand the land–water system in a better way, better solutions can be found. This process of social learning requires a common language. The rapidly developing ecosystem services approach may provide that language. A common understanding of the value of the goods and services that a healthy ecosystem can provide, and how their present poor status due to our actions can be improved, is the key to a new approach to river basin management. The WFD recognises several of these aspects. It is both risk-informed and ecologically centred. It also recognises the need to balance improvements to water and ecosystem quality with economic benefits including the need to supply water for human requirements. Increasingly, governments also see the need to grow and supply food as part of the balancing act we have to make. Some examples from practice are already available where integration of these three key principles is attempted. They show very encouraging results and may inspire others. However, it is our conviction that well-designed, coordinated and monitored ‘learning catchments’ (i.e. aimed at stepwise improvement of the effectiveness of measures) are needed to transform our general framing and develop best practice. The International Risk Governance Council’s (IRGC) risk governance framework is recommended as a source of inspiration for the design and execution of such learning catchments.

The increasing need for biomass for energy and feedstocks, along with the need to divert organic methane generating wastes from landfills, may provide the economic leverage necessary to return this type of marginal land to functional and economic use and is strongly supported by policy at the European Union (EU) level. The use of land to produce biomass for energy production or feedstocks for manufacturing processes (such as plastics and biofuels) has, however, become increasingly contentious, with a number of environmental, economic, and social concerns raised. The REJUVENATE project has developed a decision support framework to help landmanagers and other decision makers identify potential concerns related to sustainability and what types of biomass reuse for marginal landmight be possible, given their particular circumstances. The decision-making framework takes a holistic approach to decision making rather than viewing biomass production simply as an adjunct of a planned phytoremediation project. The framework is serviceable in Germany, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. These countries have substantive differences in their land and biomass reuse circumstances. However, all can make use of the set of common principles of crop, site, value, and project risk management set out by REJUVENATE. This implies that the framework should havewider applicability across the EU. This article introduces the decision support framework. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.