To adjust and optimize the structure and characteristics of biodegradable poly (butylene succinate) (PBS)-type polyesters, seven aliphatic polyesters with different chain lengths were synthesized by introducing azelaic acid. It can be finded that the melting points of the six polyesters gradually rise with increasing carbon chain length, with the exception of poly(propylene azelate) (PPAz). The XRD analysis reveals that the odd–even effect exerts a certain influence on the diffraction peaks. Specifically, the diffraction angles of odd-odd carbon polyesters demonstrate a systematic shift in comparison to those of odd–even carbon polyesters. Except for PPAz and poly(hexylene azelate) (PHAz), the hydrophilicity of the polyesters decreases with increasing chain length, with PHAz being the most hydrophilic polyester. The thermal decomposition temperatures of the seven polyesters exceed 315.0 °C, indicating good thermal stability. Among them, poly(decylene azelate) (PDAz) exhibits the highest thermal decomposition temperature, reaching as high as 358.1 °C. Enzyme hydrolysis studies show that poly(pentylene azelate) (PPeAz) has the best biodegradability, with the polyester experiencing 100

In the post-pandemic era, biodegradable materials with antibacterial properties effectively meet safety needs for protective applications. However, although tannic acid (TA) has excellent antimicrobial properties, its abundant phenolic hydroxyl groups make it uneven dispersion in the polymer matrix. In this study, nano-TiO2-TA (TiTA) hybrid filler was prepared firstly and then mixed with poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) (PBAT/TiTA) via melt blending. Notably, TiTA hybrid filler not only enhanced the degradability and mechanical properties of PBAT, but also endowed strong antibacterial activity with Ultraviolet (UV)-free irradiation, which overcome the limitation of UV irradiation to the antibacterial activity of TiO2. When the TiTA content was 7.5 wt

Aqueous zinc (Zn)-based batteries are plagued by hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and dendritic growth of Zn anode. HER is particularly detrimental due to the formation of hydrogen and insulative by-products to deteriorate the electrochemical stability. Herein, in this work, a series of organic hydrochloride (HC) is designed and developed as in-situ corrosion blocker to hinder HER and induce uniform deposition on Zn anode. Organic hydrochloride can dissociate into H+, Cl-, and organic in aqueous electrolyte, in which H+ immediately reacts with OH-on HER corrosion sites and organic component quickly covers on Zn anode via strong adsorption energy to timely block corrosion. Moreover, organic adsorbed layer can chelate with Zn2+ ions to achieve ion transport ability and induce uniform deposition, as well as generate physical barrier to further hinder HER. Cl-and organic components can destroy the solvation structure of Zn2+ to facilitate desolvation kinetics and reduce active H2O. As a result, Zn anode with HC exhibits excellent plating/stripping reversibility of 2400 cycles and an extended cycle life of 1800 h. More importantly, Zn-I2 pouch battery with HC exhibits superior cycling performance of 10,000 cycles, outperforming most reported works.

Blending agricultural residual corn straw (CS) with poly(butylene terephthalate/adipic acid) (PBAT) is beneficial for solving significant environmental and economic issues. However, the high polarity and hydrophobic nature of lignin encapsulating CS cellulose limits its application in composites. Therefore, it is essential to enhance the compatibility between CS and PBAT through modification, aiming to improve interfacial interactions and overall composite performance. In the study, CS was pretreated using UV/TiO2 photocatalytic oxidation to produce pretreated cellulose (CS-C). This process removed the majority of lignin and hemicellulose, leading to a higher cellulose content and disruption of amorphous components. Hydrophilic CS and CS-C cellulose were modified with nano-TiO2, named as CS-M and CS-CM, respectively. CS-CM cellulose not only exhibited a higher cellulose content but also demonstrated superior dispersibility. Four types of composites were prepared by blending corn straw cellulose with PBAT. CS-CM/PBAT exhibited optimal interfacial compatibility at 10 wt% corn straw content. The incorporation of CS-CM cellulose enhanced the impact strength and significantly improved the bending strength of PBAT. Pretreatment and modification improved the overall mechanical properties, crystallization, and thermal stability of the composite. Moreover, the inclusion of corn straw cellulose promoted the degradation of PBAT, with CS-C/PBAT and CS-CM/PBAT experiencing weight losses of 90.27% and 87.55%, respectively, after 6-days of hydrolysis by Fusarium solani cutinase.

Aqueous zinc-iodine (Zn-I2) batteries show great potential as energy storage candidates due to their high-safety and low-cost, but confronts hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and dendrite growth at anode side and polyiodide shuttling at cathode side. Herein, ''tennis racket" (TR) hydrogel electrolytes were prepared by the co-polymerization and co-blending of polyacrylamide (PAM), sodium lignosulfonate (SL), and sodium alginate (SA) to synchronously regulate cathode and anode of Zn-I-2 batteries. ''Gridline structure" of TR can induce the uniform transportation of Zn2+ ions through the coordination effect to hinder HER and dendrite growth at anode side, as well as hit I-3(-) ions as ''tennis" via the strong repulsion force to avoid shuttle effect at cathode side. The synergistic effect of TR electrolyte endows Zn-Zn symmetric battery with high cycling stability over 4500 h and Zn-I-2 cell with the stably cycling life of 15000 cycles at 5 A g(-1), outperforming the reported works. The practicability of TR electrolyte is verified by flexible Zn-I-2 pouch battery. This work opens a route to synchronously regulate cathode and anode to enhance the electrochemical performance of Zn-I-2 batteries. (c) 2024 Science Press and Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. and Science Press. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

High-safety aqueous zinc (Zn) ion batteries are troubled by dendrite growth and hydrogen evolution reaction on Zn anode, which can be well solved via the construction of surface protective layer. The recent researches mainly focus on the bulk property of the protective layer, but its separation from Zn anode is ignored. In this work, high-viscoelasticity alginate-based (HVAA) layer was in-situ constructed on Zn anodes by the cross-linking of sodium alginate with formaldehyde and the plastifying of glycerin. HVAA layer can combine with H2O and coordinate with Zn2+ ions in aqueous electrolyte to achieve viscoelasticity on Zn anode, which can accommodate volume change of Zn anode during plating/stripping processes to continuously protect Zn anodes under the real battery system. Physical block effect of HVAA layer impedes hydrogen evolution corrosion reaction by avoiding the immediate contact of Zn anodes with aqueous electrolyte. Ionic conductive ability of HVAA layer by coordinating oxygen-containing groups with Zn2+ can uniform ion flux to induce the homogeneous deposition of Zn2+ on Zn anode. Zn anode with HVAA endows ZnZn symmetric battery with stably cycle of 4000 h and Zn-iodide full batteries with better electrochemical performance of 8000 cycles comparing with bare Zn anode. This work opens a novel route to continuously protect Zn anode through the high-viscoelasticity films to closely fit with Zn surface and implement the high-value application of renewable sources.

Three types of starch with different amylose content were esterified and blended with polybutylene succinate (PBS) to obtain esterified manioc starch/PBS (EMS/PBS), esterified corn starch/PBS (ECS/PBS), and esterified waxy corn starch/PBS (EWS/PBS) composites. The EMS/PBS and ECS/PBS composites with high amylose content displayed typical V-type crystal structures. The original crystals of EWS, which had low amylose content, were disrupted during the esterification process. EWS exhibited the strongest interaction with PBS and the most favorable interface compatibility. The pyrolysis temperature was in order of EMS/PBS < ECS/PBS < EWS/PBS. The elongation at break of the three blends was higher than that of pure PBS. The esterification and plasticization of the EWS/PBS composite were the most comprehensive. The EWS/PBS composite showed the lowest storage modulus (G’) and complex viscosity (η*). The interfacial bonding force of the composite materials increased with more amylopectin, decreasing intermolecular forces and destroying crystal structures, which decreased G’ and η* and increased toughness. The EWS/PBS composite, with the least amylose content, had the best hydrophobicity and degradation performance.

Polybutylene succinate, polybutylene adipate, polybutylene suberate and their copolyesters were synthesized. The physical properties and biodegradability of these polyesters were controlled by adjusting the composition of carboxyl monomers. Compared with the homopolyesters, the addition of comonomer during polymerization resulted in the formation of copolyesters with lower melting temperatures and crystallinity. Among them, poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate)-co- adipate) (PBSA) had the lowest crystallinity, and poly(butylene adipate-co-suberate)-co- suberate) (PBASub) had the lowest melting point. The elongation at break and tensile strength of PBSA was 766.2% and 21.5 MPa, respectively. Enzymatic degradation by Fusarium solani cutinase (FsC) showed that both the crystalline and amorphous regions of the polyester were simultaneously degraded by FsC, and the crystal structure of the polyester was not disrupted. FsC preferentially got attached to the surface of polyesters, subsequently attacked the center of the films, and the water penetrated the amorphous region, leading to enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis. The biodegradability of copolyester was higher than that of homopolyesters. PBSA and poly(butylene succinate-co-suberate)-co- suberate) (PBSSub) were completely degraded in about 10 h, and can be used in agricultural, automotive, electronics, biomedical materials, packaging, etc. .

Polystyrene (PS) is commonly used in human production and life because it is chemically stable and easy to produce and process. However, PS is difficult to degrade naturally, which leads to environmental pollution and threats to human and animal health. In this study, two bacterial strains known to degrade PS, Klebsiella sp. WJ2020 and Cellulosimicrobium sp. WJ2025 were isolated from Tenebrio molitor intestines. Both strains could grow with PS as their sole carbon source and caused weight loss of 4.35% and 6.93% to the PS films over a 60 day-incubation, respectively. The number-average molecular weights of the PS after incubation with the strains also decreased by 4.85% and 10.48%, respectively. The surface of the PS films had a significant lamellar etching after microbial action. Moreover, WJ2020 and WJ2025 imparted more oxygen to the PS surface and formed additional hydroxyl groups, which led to a decrease in the hydrophobicity of the PS film surface. The roughness of the degraded PS films was increased compared to the PS films without bacterial treatment. Results from this study provide a potential solution for the natural biodegradation of PS while adding to the scientific knowledge of the function of the gut microorganisms of the yellow mealworm.

综述了目前可取食塑料的昆虫种类,及取食塑料的类型,并对常见的3 种昆虫,黄粉虫、大麦虫和大蜡螟幼虫取食不同塑料的能力进行了详细阐述,同时对其肠道微生物多样性以及昆虫取食塑料后的自身生长状况进行了比较分析.以期有关昆虫对塑料的降解能力能够被合理利用,并实际应用于解决全球废弃塑料污染问题.

The degradation behavior of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) films by Fusarium solani cutinase (FsC) applied at different concentrations was investigated. The degraded PBAT films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetry. The results showed that FsC was able to degrade not only the amorphous region but also the crystalline region of PBAT films. The PBAT degradation activity of FsC was concentration-dependent. After a reaction time of 120 h, the weight loss of PBAT films degraded by FsC of a high concentration reached 76%, and to a significant extent, the surface of the film was degraded and the crystallinity decreased. In contrast, when FsC was present in a low concentration, its degradation effect on PBAT films was less apparent. The thermal stability of PBAT showed a decreasing trend with the extension of FsC hydrolysis time. Although the production of monomers and oligomers during the hydrolysis of PBAT by different concentrations of FsC was significantly different, the products were identical after 120 h of hydrolysis. In addition, FsC concentration and degradation time had no significant effect on the molecular weight of degraded PBAT.

通过酯化和缩聚反应制备聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)、聚己二酸丁二醇酯(PBA)和聚(丁二酸-co-己二酸丁二醇)共聚酯(P(BS-co-BA)),对PBS、PBA和P(BS-co-BA)进行酶促降解研究.结果表明:与PBS和PBA相比,共聚酯具有良好的生物降解性能.6种聚酯酶水解速率依次为P(BS-co-40％BA)>P(BS-co-60％BA)>P(BS-co-80％BA)>P(BS-co-20％BA)>PBA>PBS.P(BS-co-40％BA)在10 h内基本完全降解,比PBS快26 h.与PBA相比,共聚酯的热稳定性得到提高,P(BS-co-40％BA)热分解50％的温度比PBA高22.3℃.随着降解时间的增加,共聚酯的化学结构、晶体结构和热稳定性基本不变,有利于其在新能源汽车设计中的应用.

Microplastics (MPs), especially those of biodegradable plastic origin, have received sufficient attention. However, the effects of polycaprolactone (PCL) microplastics on soil microbial communities and plant growth have not been fully explored. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of MPs on soil microbial communities and plant growth. We performed 16 S rDNA high-throughput sequencing to analyze the soil bacterial composition after exposure to different concentration PCL-MPs(0.02, 0.2 and 2

综述了近年来木质纤维素的预处理技术,包括传统的物理、化学和生物法,同时重点阐述了新兴的联合处理法,包括:化学―化学法、物理―化学法、生物―物理法和生物―化学法.简要介绍了各预处理方法的作用机制,并就其优缺点进行了分析总结.单一预处理技术往往污染大或效率低,联合处理法在减少化学试剂使用量的同时提高了预处理效率.最后对木质纤维素预处理技术的发展及应用进行展望与建议,旨在为纤维素更高效的开发利用提供一定的参考.

针对近些年来国内外在聚苯乙烯(PS)生物降解领域的研究进行了总结,重点关注了PS的微生物降解,详细的阐述了昆虫肠道微生物以及土壤等环境中微生物对PS的降解.还对PS生物降解的发展趋势作了展望,亟待通过绿色环保的生物降解方法解决PS带来的"白色污染"问题.

Poly(hexylene succinate) (PHS), poly(ethylene succinate) (PES), and their random copolyesters, poly(hexylene succinate-co-ethylene succinate) ((P(HS-co-ES)), were synthesized by melting polycondensation. Simply varying the ratios of HS/ES afforded control over the copolymer crystallinity, thermal and mechanical properties, wettability, and enzymatic hydrolyzability as shown by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), tensile tests, and water contact angle (WCA) measurements. The enzymatic hydrolysis rates of all prepared copolyesters were higher than those of the corresponding homopolyesters. The hydrolysis rates were affected by crystallinity, melting temperature, and hydrophobicity of the copolyesters, and therefore, the degradation rates could be tuned along with the ES content. The library of copolymers prepared here with tunable degradation rates, ranging from HS-enriched to ES-enriched copolyesters, is promising for a variety of different applications. The P(HS-co-ES51) copolyester that did not fully degrade is particularly promising for use in long-term storage applications, whereas P(HS-co-ES13) and P(HS-co-ES76) that rapidly degrade are good for use in very short-term applications.

以废弃聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)矿泉水瓶为原料,采用酯交换法获得聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)预聚体,再与聚己二酸丁二醇酯(PBA)共聚获得聚对苯二甲酸/己二酸丁二醇酯(PBAT)产物,通过核磁共振光谱仪、红外光谱仪、热重分析仪、差示扫描量热分析仪和万能试验机等对PBAT产物的结构和性能进行了分析表征.结果表明,PBAT产物的热稳定性良好,300℃以内不会热分解;PBAT产物的水接触角是78.54°,是一种亲水材料;PBAT产物的断裂伸长率达到900％以上,具备进一步应用推广的可能性.

化石资源短缺和传统塑料废弃所造成的环境问题,使可生物降解塑料行业得到快速的发展.聚乳酸(PLA)是可生物降解塑料的典型代表.PLA由于其易于制造、具有较高的生物相容性和力学强度、优秀的可热塑性和可堆肥性等特点,被广泛应用于许多行业,已成为 目前最具有吸引力的脂肪族聚酯之一.在大力鼓励应用可生物降解塑料PLA替代石油基塑料的同时,有关其可生物降解性的研究也受到了广泛关注.因此,对近年来PLA生物降解领域的研究进展进行了总结和概括,并且对PLA的降解机理及与其相关的降解微生物和降解酶进行了重点归纳和介绍.同时,对PLA生物降解的研究从实验室研究拓展至实际应用提出了部分设想.

利用角质酶(Fusarium solani cutinase,FSC)对聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)、聚丁二酸乙二醇酯(PES)和聚(丁二酸丁二醇-co-丁二酸乙二醇)共聚酯(P(BS-co-ES))进行酶促降解研究,通过XRD、DSC和FTIR等对酶解前后的材料进行测试.结果表明:P(BS-co-ES)具有良好的生物降解性能,在10 h内基本完全降解.聚酯酶水解速率排序为P(BS-co-ES54)>P(BS-co-ES44)>P(BS-co-ES35)>PES>PBS.材料的熔点、结晶度、亲水性等因素影响P(BS-co-ES)的酶解能力.生物塑料酶解性能的提高,有助于扩大其在汽车报废、拆卸等领域的应用.

在配比为9:1的P3/4HB/PBS共混物体系中添加不同比例的接枝剂—马来酸苷(MAH)制得P3/4HB/PBS/MAH改性材料.MAH含量为0.7％时复合材料的拉伸强度增强20％,断裂伸长率增大了425％,杨氏模量也较小,MAH的添加增强了P3/4HB/PBS的机械性能.MAH含量为0.7％时复合材料水接触角最大,水溶性降低,MAH的添加增强了复合材料的亲水性能和稳定性,从而加快了复合材料的生物降解性能,120?h复合材料的降解率可达89％,材料中的P3/4H B基本被完全降解.FTIR表明MAH的加入使PBS与P3/4HB发生了接枝聚合反应.TG和XRD发现MAH的添加拓宽了材料的加工范围,减小了材料的结晶度,提高了复合材料的热稳定性和生物相容性.