一、引言汽车座椅靠背呈现出不规则的曲面结构,利用传统的绘图工具很难达到设计的准确性要求,且费时、费力.在静强度分析方面,手工计算只适用于结构简单、形状规则的零部件,而对于座椅靠背等结构复杂且形状不规则的零部件,则需要借助有限元分析的方法进行模拟计算.本文利用NX软件的三维建模功能可以将设计的三维实体零件生动地反映在计算机屏幕上,设计者可以形象地观察到所设计的图形是否能够满足产品的具体要求,从而可以做到适时修改.利用Hyperworks软件对新设计的汽车座椅进行静强度及刚度分析,可以直观得知设计中的薄弱点,对结构进行修改,直至符合国家相关法规的要求.

In order to solve the problem of complex structure and complicated manufacturing process and achieve the target of lightweight,choosing a fixed steel armrest of a bus as prototype,the aluminum alloy material ZL104 was selected to replace the original steel material and the structure optimization was achieved.The mold for die casting was designed by Pro/E software.The maximum cross-section was chosen as the parting plate and a mechanism of side pulling of core was chosen.Overflow tanks were set up at the end of the filling molten metal.The design can provid certain reference for industry practices.

The effect of solid solution treatment time on six kinds of Mg alloyed ZL201 was analyzed by mechanical property test and optical microscope.The results show that the ZL201 alloy with 1.5% to 1.7% of Mg could gain small and more uniform distributed fine microstructures.After 535 ℃ × 8h and 535 ℃ × 12 h solution treatment,the hardness of the six kinds of components was slightly lower,and the alloys got strengthened by solid solution treatment at 535 ℃ × 4 h.The alloy containing 1.7%Mg got the best effect of solution treatment.The result provides the reference for parameter selection and further optimization of heat-treatment process of this alloy.