REBa2Cu3O7-x(YBCO)high-temperature superconducting coated conductors(CCs),i.e.the second-generation high-temperature superconducting tapes,with excellent current carrying properties and mechanical behavior,are potentially applied in the fields of power,transportation,medical care,and military,receiving extensive attention from superconductor research teams in recent years.Increasing the thickness of the superconducting layer in CCs is facilitated to enhance the superconducting current transmission capability and to increase the engineering critical current density,thus being one of the major routes to reduce the cost of CCs.The"thickness effect",i.e.the critical current density(Jc)decreases with the increase in film thickness,mainly hinders the fabrication of high-quality superconducting thick films.This study introduced the preparation methods and epitaxial growth mechanism of YBCO thick films,discussed various factors that affect Jc and main ways to improve Jc,and summarized the latest research progress of YBCO thick films from major international teams.

Jointing YBa2Cu3O7-z (YBCO) superconducting coated-conductor (CC) tapes is becoming increasingly significant for magnet applications because of the limited length of single tapes. In this work, YBCO CC tapes stabilized by silver were connected by low-temperature sintering of nano-silver paste. The effect of sintering time and lapped length on the electrical properties of YBCO joints were systematically investigated. And the correlation between microstructure and bonding force of the joints with extending the sintering time was established. It is found that joints sintered within 1∼5 min exhibit relatively lower resistance, while the maximum axial tensile strength at room temperature (RT) was improved with increasing sintering time. Considering the electromechanical properties, ten min is selected as the optimal sintering time for nano-silver paste. The joint by this efficient technology possesses closely connected interface, similar critical current and axial tensile strength (RT) to the single CC tape. The joint resistivity is as low as ∼12.5 nΩ·cm2, which is much less than the traditional soldering joint.

Due to the limited available piece length of YBCO-coated conductors (i.e. tapes or wires) and the different requirements for magnetic field, joints are inevitable for manufacturing high-temperature superconducting magnets. In this study, a sintering nano-silver (Ag) process was developed and used to connect YBCO tapes stabilized by anAg layer with low-temperature and short-time sintering of Ag nanoparticle (NP) paste. The thermodynamic characteristics of Ag NP paste were explored using a TG/DSC setup. The effects of sintering temperature, mechanical pressure and lapped length on microstructures and electrical properties of joints were comprehensively investigated. It is found that the pre-volatilization of low-boiling-point solvent in the paste is beneficial to improve the densification of sintered structure, thus contributing to increasing the critical current I c of the joint. With increasing sintering temperature, the I c of the joint will be close to that of the virgin tape, and the joint resistance experiences small fluctuations, but joint connectivity is enhanced. As the temperature reaches 205 °C, I c decreases to 84% of the virgin tape, and joint resistance increases obviously. In addition, the axial tension strength at room temperature is improved with the increase in mechanical pressure, while the resistance does not demonstrate distinct variation. Considering the electromechanical properties, the optimal joining process is determined as sintering at 180 °C and 30 MPa for 10 min. The joint with this technology possesses a closely connected interface and a well-sintered nano-Ag microstructure with pores. By further extending the lapped length, a YBCO joint resistivity as low as ∼10.56 nΩ cm 2 is obtained, which is around a quarter of that of the soldering joint, and the process is much easier than that of the Ag diffusion joint.

主要探索化学溶液法沉积超导焊料的生长过程,研究涂层溶液对YGdBCO带材超导层的腐蚀性以及在三个低温热处理阶段带材c轴织构和临界电流的变化,优化出了可制得与母材性能相近的涂层溶液合成技术和低温热处理工艺.在此基础上,在790℃高温成相过程中生长出具有c轴织构的YBCO薄膜,有助于解决母带超导层表面粗糙度较大导致界面原子扩散不均匀而产生的接头连接性较弱的问题.

黑龙江省现为我国最大的水稻产区和商品稻区,但河流众多,且夏季多大雨、暴雨,较易形成涝灾.为了研究洪涝灾害对寒地水稻产量的影响,于2018年通过田间淹水试验,分析寒地水稻关键生育期不同淹水深度、淹水历时造成的产量因子差异.方差分析表明:3个主栽水稻品种在拔节期、抽穗开花期和乳熟期遭遇淹水后,产量因子在发育期间、淹水深度或淹水历时间存在显著或极显著差异(P<0.05),较深的淹水及较长的淹水历时易使产量因子显著下降;经LSD比较,于拔节期淹水后的千粒重和理论产量,于抽穗开花期淹水后的结实率显著最低;没顶淹没的结实率、千粒重和理论产量显著最低;7天的淹水历时易造成千粒重的显著下降;抽穗开花期水稻在没顶淹没(3/3h)及7天淹水历时的结实率估算值仅为70.9％,拔节期水稻在没顶淹没(3/3h)及7天的淹水历时下千粒重估算值仅为17.5g,拔节期水稻在没顶淹没(3/3h)及7天淹水历时下产量最低.绥粳18经淹水处理后,产量和结实率均有不同程度的下降,拔节期和抽穗开花期没顶淹没下的产量损失约43.4％-78％,而在较低的淹水深度或较短的淹水历时下水稻表现出较强的抗胁迫性,产量损失较少;乳熟期水稻对淹水胁迫表现出较差的抗胁迫性,产量损失多为23％以上;淹水胁迫造成的产量损失与水稻叶面积指数下降有关,绥粳18经淹水后多数处理的LAI比对照低,且下降的时期多集中于孕穗、抽穗和扬花的生殖关键阶段,对产量构成因子产生不利影响.