There is a high prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients, but a Chinese version of cognitive rating scale that is specific and sensitive to PD patients is still lacking. The aims of this study are to test the reliability and validity of a Chinese version of Parkinson’s disease-cognitive rating scale (PD-CRS), establish cutoff scores for diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD) and PD with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI), explore cognitive profiles of PD-MCI and PDD, and find cognitive deficits suggesting a transition from PD-MCI to PDD. PD-CRS was revised based on the culture background of Chinese people. Ninety-two PD patients were recruited in three PD centers and were classified into PD with normal cognitive function (PD-NC), PD-MCI, and PDD subgroups according to the cognitive rating scale (CDR). Those PD patients underwent PD-CRS blind assessment by a separate neurologist. The PD-CRS showed a high internal consistency (Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.840). Intraclass Correlation coefficient (ICC) of test-retest reliability reached 0.906 (95% CI 0.860–0.935, p<0.001). ICC of inter-rater reliability was 0.899 (95% CI 0.848–0.933, p<0.001). PD-CRS had fair concurrent validity with MDRS (ICC = 0.731, 95% CI 0.602–0.816). All the frontal-subcortical items showed significant decrease in PD-MCI compared with the PD-NC group (p≤0.001), but the instrument cortical items did not (confrontation naming p=0.717, copying a clock p=0.620). All the frontal-subcortical and instrumental-cortical functions showed significant decline in PDD compared with the PD-NC group (p≤0.001). The cutoff value for diagnosis of PD-MCI is 80.5 with the sensitivity of 75.7% and the specificity of 75.0%, and for diagnosis of PDD is 73.5 with the sensitivity of 89.2% and the specificity of 98.9%. Revised Chinese version of PD-CRS is a reliable, acceptable, valid, and useful neuropsychological battery for assessing cognition in PD patients.

Objective: Few studies regarding the epidemiology of essential tremor (ET) and its non-motor symptoms (NMS) have been conducted to date. We thus conducted a door-to-door survey to investigate the ET and its NMS and their clinical manifestations in a rural area of Shanghai, China.Methods: We recruited 19,614 residents (>= 50 years old), living in Malu town, Shanghai. Investigations were divided into two steps. In first step, trained physicians conducted door-to-door surveys and reported probable ET subjects to movement disorder specialists. In the second step, participants with suspected ET had their diagnosis confirmed by movement disorder specialists. We randomly selected 123 subjects from those adults who screened negative for neurological conditions as healthy controls for the study of NMS.Results: The prevalence of ET in individuals (>= 50 years old) was 0.306% (PR = 3.06 per 1000). The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores were lower in ET patients than in controls (25.81 +/- 4.20 vs. 26.63 +/- 3.14, P = 0.024). Complaints of restless legs reported by ET patients were significantly higher than those in controls (P < 0.05). In contrast, we did not observe a significant difference for other NMS between ET patients and controls, including olfactory function (P = 0.82), depression (P = 0.94), and rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) (P = 0.71).Conclusions: The prevalence of ET in people >= 50 years old in a rural area of Shanghai China is low. Prevalence of certain NMSs was higher among participants with ET relative to health controls. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a neurotrophic factor that plays an important role in Parkinson's disease (PD). We measured plasma EGF level in PD, essential tremor (ET) and normal controls to investigate whether it changes in PD and whether it is associated with motor and non-motor symptoms of PD. 100 patients with PD, 40 patients with ET as disease control and 76 healthy persons were enrolled in the present study. Motor and non-motor symptoms were assessed by different scales. Plasma EGF levels of three groups were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Spearman test and linear logistics regression model were used to test the correlation of EGF with motor and non-motor symptoms of PD. Plasma EGF level was significantly decreased in early PD patients compared with normal control, but not in advanced PD patients. Interestingly, plasma EGF level was significantly increased in advanced PD and total PD patients compared with ET patients, but not in early PD patients. In addition, plasma EGF level was correlated with UPDRS-III scores in PD. Also plasma EGF level was correlated with UPDRS-III scores and NMS scores in early PD. Our results suggested that plasma EGF decreased in the early stage of PD and increased later on in the PD disease course. Also, plasma EGF level was increased significantly in PD compared with ET patients and correlated with motor and non-motor symptoms in early PD.

Both hyposmia and substania nigra (SN) hyperechogenicity on trascranial sonography (TCS) were risk markers for idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD), which was beneficial to the differential diagnosis of the disease. However, each of their single diagnostic value is often limited. The purpose of present study was to explore whether the combination of olfactory test and TCS of SN could enhance the differential diagnostic power in Chinese patients with PD.

Purpose:To evaluate the MRI appearances of plasma cell mastitis(PCM).Methods:Fifty-one patients with PCM confirmed by clinical pathology were enrolled.MRI scans included non-enhanced T1WI,T2WI with fat suppression(FS) and enhanced 3D-T1WI with FS.MRI manifestations of PCM were analyzed,and their classification was done by two experienced radiologists.Results: PCM could be divided into three types: the inflammation type(13/51),the abscess type(34/51) and the mixed type(4/51).In the inflammation type,patches or nodules connected by strips were showed in 11(11/13) cases.On non-enhanced T1WI,iso-and hypointensity was seen in 8(8/13),iso-and hyperintensity in 5(5/13).On T2WI with fat suppression(FS),hyperintensity was seen in 9(9/13),isointensity in 1(1/13),iso-and hyperintensity in 3(3/13).On enhanced T1WI after contrast,the lesions showed inhomogeneous enhancement in 11(11/13),nodule-like homogeneous enhancement in 2(2/13).In the abscess type,single abscess showed nodules or cyst in 2(2/34);multiple abscesses appeared as hair-like or honeycomb in 32(32/34).On non-enhanced T1WI,iso-and hypointensity was seen in 30(30/34),iso-and hyperintensity in 4(4/34).On T2WI with FS,iso-and hyperintensity was seen in 29(29/34),hyper-and hypointensity in 4(4/34),isointensity in 1(1/34).On T1WI after enhancement,ring-or nodule-like enhancement was found in all lesions.In the mixed type,the hypointensity of sinus and/or fistula was discovered besides abscess in 4(4/51).Conclusion: The MRI manifestations of PCM are of characteristics,which is help for the diagnosis of PCM by MRI.

International Journal of Gynecology & ObstetricsVolume 107, Issue S2 p. S538-S538 Poster presentations P436 The investigation on the value of repeat and combination test of ACA and anti-β2-GPI antibody in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion Q. Lin, Q. LinSearch for more papers by this authorS. Bao, S. BaoSearch for more papers by this authorX. Wang, X. WangSearch for more papers by this author Q. Lin, Q. LinSearch for more papers by this authorS. Bao, S. BaoSearch for more papers by this authorX. Wang, X. WangSearch for more papers by this author First published: 20 November 2009 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7292(09)61928-7AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume107, IssueS2Abstracts of XIX FIGO World Congress of Gynecology and ObstetricsOctober 2009Pages S538-S538 RelatedInformation