为解决2BMFJ系列玉米免耕播种机清秸装置侧向抛撒残茬时,清秸工作部件残茬回带和动土量较大问题,设计了一种弹齿式清秸装置防止残茬回带机构,通过理论分析确定关键部件主要结构参数,应用三因素三水平正交试验法,以机具作业速度、清秸弹齿与带轮圆周外法线方向后偏角和主动带轮转速为试验因素,以残茬清除率和残茬回带率为评价指标,对影响清秸装置性能的结构与作业参数进行试验与优化研究,试验结果表明:在机具作业速度2.0 m/s,弹齿与带轮圆周外法线方向后偏角30°,主动带轮转速450 r/min时,残茬清除率95.5％、残茬回带率1.38％.该机构在保证作业幅内残茬清除质量的同时,可有效减少残茬回带,为2BMFJ系列原茬地免耕播种机高质量种床准备、提高防堵性能提供了技术支撑.

基于玉米-大豆轮作模式,分析2BMFJ原茬地免耕覆秸大豆播种机北方寒地玉米秸秆覆盖还田腐解周期.在自然条件下,168 d试验周期内,应用秸秆残余应力法与多重比较法结合研究地表覆盖秸秆腐解规律,秸秆不同部位腐解规律,增施有机肥对秸秆腐解影响.结果表明,地表覆盖秸秆可自然腐解,阶段性明显,经机械剪切未被撕裂秸秆降解率56.3％,撕裂后秸秆降解率62.4％;不同部位玉米秸秆降解率差异显著(P<0.05),秸秆自顶部至底部降解率呈线性降低;增施有机肥对秸秆腐解具有促进作用(P<0.05).研究结果揭示2BMFJ原茬地免耕覆秸播种机北方寒地玉米秸秆覆盖还田腐解特性;填补北方寒地玉米-大豆大田轮作模式下,经机械剪切后覆盖在地表不同形态秸秆腐解规律空白;为原茬地免耕覆秸精量大豆播种机械化技术在北方寒地推广应用提供理论支持.

In the paper, we observed the morphological characteristics of all stages of Parapoynx crisonalis(Walker, 1859)on Trapa natans in details in the laboratory. The results showed that, its eggs were spherical, and the color was deeper in the middle. The young larvae were pale green, and the mature larvae were yellow. Except for the 1st-instar larvae, the other larvae had tracheal gills. Its pupa was wrapped in silk cocoon. The adult had filiform antennae, and there were black and yellow-brown markings on its wings.

The incidence of trichophagy in five varieties of minks (jinzhou-black mink,coffee mink,silver blue mink,Red-eye white mink and American shorts mink) was counted in Dalian mink nursery.The incidence rate of different varieties,sex,and age implanted of exogenous melatonin or not were calculated and analyzed,respectively to explore the causes and relative factors of mink trichophagy.The results showed that variety difference significantly affected the incidence rate of trichophagy (P0.05) in these 5 kinds of minks,with the highest incidence rate of 12.61% occurred in coffee mink;sex also greatly affected the happen of disease,female mink's incidence was obviously higher than that of the male mink (P0.05);the age had no significant influence on the incidence (P0.05);the while,exogenous melatonin implanting could significantly (P0.05) reduce the incidence rate of trichophagy.

对乌苏里貉MC4R基因进行克隆测序,并与GenBank中其他物种的相应基因编码区核苷酸序列进行比较分析,采用邻接法构建貉与其他物种间分子系统进化树.结果表明,乌苏里貉MC4R基因与貉、犬、赤狐、北极狐、人、黑猩猩、牛、非洲象、猪、大鼠、小鼠在该编码区核苷酸序列上的同源性大小分别为99.7%、98.7%、98.7%、98.8%、88.9%、88.7%、88.1%、89.5%、87.4%、87.4%、86.2%,不同物种间在该基因核苷酸序列上有较高的保守性.利用MEGA生物学软件基于Mc4R核苷酸序列对20种脊椎动物进行的聚类分析结果显示,犬科动物与哺乳动物为一紧密类群,鸡与斑马鱼为一松散类群,该聚类结果与公认的动物分类及进化关系拟合.

<正>獭兔,学名力克斯兔,是典型的皮用型兔。因其绒毛平整直立,富有绚丽丝光,手感柔软、舒适,又称为"天鹅绒兔";又因其毛皮细密,很像珍贵毛皮兽水獭,又称其为"獭兔"。獭兔草食性,耗粮少、占地少、易饲养,其饲料以青料为主,精料为辅,饲养成本较低,且符合发展草食家畜的发展趋势,既不与人争粮,又能提供优良毛皮、肉等产品。

采用聚合酶链式反应方法,从日本大白兔血液中提取DNA,扩增出泌乳素受体基因(PRLR)外显子10,并对其进行克隆与测序,获得长度分别为208 bp和224 bp的2段序列,经过拼接得到1段418 bp的序列.将序列提交到GenBank上,GenBank中的Blast分析表明,测序得到的日本大白兔PRLR基因与家兔的同源性为99%.通过与其他目动物比较,PRLR基因在不同目动物中同源性不高,而在同目动物中同源性很高,表明PRLR基因在同一目中具有较高的保守性,同时在进化过程中具有一定的物种特异性.

The withering and putrescence of cumulus was tested with Hoechst33342-PI fluorescent staining method,by which the effect of follicle diameter,cumulus extension,pre-cultivating score and hormone on porcine cumulus and oocyte in the cumulus-oocyte complexes.The results show that the withering and putrescence is related to the follicle diameter with remarkable intergroup difference(P0.05).the maturation rate is affected by the follicle diameter with greatest intergroup difference(P0.01);as the decrease of pre-cultivating score of COCs,the withering rate of cumulus increases while the maturation rate of oocyte tends to lower with a not remarkable intergroup difference(P0.05);the withering rate of post-cultivating cumulus with good extension is relatively high,but with low intergroup difference(P0.05),while the extension level has unremarkable effect on the maturation rate of oocyte(P0.05).Adding growth hormone into in vitro maturation cultivation liquid can restrain the withering of cumulus and raise the viability of oocyte(P0.05).

<正>中国林蛙又称蛤什蟆、油蛤蟆、红肚田鸡,是一种具有重要经济、科学研究价值的两栖动物。在我国,除华南地区外均有分布,东北地区主要分布在长白山及小兴安岭一带。世界自然保护联盟将其列为易危物种。

以AA肉仔鸡为试验动物,以党参、黄芪、甘草、茴香、肉桂、麦芽等11味中草药为饲料添加剂代替抗生素,观测AA肉鸡的生长性能、胴体品质、肉质理化特性以及肌苷酸、谷氨酸的含量等,结果表明该中草药组方的饲养效果有优于抗生素组的趋势。该复方中草药的最适添加水平为1.25%。

Effect of somatotropin and insulin on in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes was studied.The best method and parameter were selected by comparing electrical,A23187 and ethanol activation on porcine oocytes.The results showed that adding insulin in mNCSU-23 basic liquid had double effects on oocyte maturation.The maturation rate gotten by adding 5μg/mL and 8μg/mL insulin were(66.25±1.34)% and(60.64±1.64)%,respectively,markedly higher than those of comparison groups as well as those of groups that 0.5,2 and 10μg/mL insulin were added.The cleavage rate in the group that 5μg/mL insulin was added was(61.63±2.92)%,notably higher than that of the comparison group as well as those of groups that 0.5,2,8 and 10μg/mL insulin were added(P0.05).The maturation rate(79.37±2.10)%was the highest when 0.15μg/mL somatotropin and 2μg/mL insulin were added,thus coming out to be the best conditions for porcine oocytes to achieve in vitro maturation.Among the three kinds of activation methods,electrical activation was the best with(67.75±1.03)% oocytes cleavage rate and(13.52±2.05)% morulae rate.The best parameters for electrical activation was 130 V/mm and 80μs.

This experiment investigated the effects of STH and insulin on porcine oocytes maturation in vitro and cleavage after parthenogenetic activation.The results showed that the maturation rate(73.83%) and the cleavage rate(64.76%) derived from oocytes matured in mNCSU-23 supplemented with 0.15 μg/mL STH were significantly higher than those supplemented with 0.01,0.05,0.1,0.2 μg/mL and control group(P 0.05).When 5 μg/mL or 8 μg/mLinsulin was added to mNCSU-23,respectively,the maturation rate(66.25%,60.64%) were significantly higher than that of other groups(P 0.05),and the cleavage rate(61.63%) matured in mNCSU-23 supplemented with 5 μg/mL insulin was significantly higher than that of other groups(P 0.05).The optimum concentrations for STH and insulin to use together were 0.15 μg/mL and 2 μg/mL,the rate of maturation and cleavage were 79.37%,72.31%,respectively.

本研究探讨了不同冷冻方法、不同冷冻液和冷冻前CB处理对辽宁绒山羊胚胎低温保存效果的影响,以筛选适合于辽宁绒山羊胚胎冷冻保存的方法与技术.常规冷冻时以1.5 mol/L EG为保护液的保护效果较好,解冻后胚胎发育率为62.86%,孵化率为54.29%;玻璃化冷冻(细管法和OPS法)以EFS40为保护液可以获得较好的冷冻效果,玻璃化细管法和OPS法解冻后胚胎的发育率分别为65.79%和57.89%;冷冻前CB处理能改善辽宁绒山羊胚胎低温保存的效果.

In this study,the effects of STH and insulin on porcine in vitro oocyte maturation and cleavage after parthenogenetic activation were investigated. The results showed that STH and insulin had double effects on oocyte maturation and cleavage.The maturation and the cleavage rates of the oocytes maturated in mNCSU-23 medium supplemented with 0.15μg/mL STH were significantly higher than that of control and the other tested groups which supplemented with 0.01,0.05,0.1,2μg/mL STH(P0.05).The maturation and cleavage rates of the oocytes maturated in medium supplemented with 5μg/mL insulin was also higher than other group.However,both of the maturation and cleavage rates of the oocytes maturated in medium supplemented with 2μg/mL insulin and 0.15μg/mL STH was significantly higher than that of other groups (P0.05),which represented the optimal condition for in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes.

<正>水貂皮素有软黄金之称,是世界珍贵裘皮市场的三大支柱(貂皮、狐皮、波斯羔皮)之一。我国自20世纪50年代引种扩繁以来,目前种貂已超过100万只,年产貂皮

Apoptosis is a fundamental life phenomenon during the development of various organisms.Germ cell apoptosis also occurs in many kinds of animals.Apoptosis is essential to the female germ development.In mammalian ovaries,more than 99% of follicles undergo a degenerative as "Atresia".To date,at least five cell death ligand-receptor systems have been reported in granulosa cells: TNFa and receptors,Fas ligand and receptors,TRAIL(APO-2) and receptors,APO-3 ligand and receptors,and PFG-5 ligand and receptors.Moreover,it has been showed that the granulosa cell is type Ⅱ apoptotic cell,which has the mitochondrion-dependent apoptosis-signaling pathway.

将28只辽宁绒山羊随机分成2组即繁殖季节组(9~11月,17只)和非繁殖季节组(4~7月,11只),采用CIDR+FSH+PG超数排卵处理方法进行超数排卵处理。结果表明:辽宁绒山羊在非繁殖季节、繁殖季节的超排效果即供体羊平均黄体数、平均回收胚数、平均可用胚数分别为15.88±1.33枚、11.18±0.93枚、9.53±0.75枚和13.45±1.77枚、11.91±1.64枚、8.00±1.00枚,非繁殖季节超排效果稍低于繁殖季节,两个处理组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。

45 Liaoning cashmere goats were divided into 3 groups:A、B、C,The estrus of goats were synchronized as the following protocols: A:CIDR+PMSG+FSH+PG(CIDR was inserted for 12d);B:CIDR+FSH+PG(CIDR was inserted for 12d);C:CIDR+PMSG+FSH+PG(CIDR was inserted for 16d).The results indicated that the rate of estrus synchronization was significant improved by injected PMSG 250IU at the beginning of superovulation(A-group:86.7% VS B-group:73.3%,P0.05);The estrus rate of treatment C higher than treatment A,but with no significant difference(A-group:86.7% VS C-group:93.3%,P0.05).