本文从草莓无土栽培技术的相关知识,基质与营养液栽培对草莓的影响等方面进行了综述.草莓无土栽培技术的研究主要集中在基质选择、营养液的配比及其对草莓生长、产量和果实品质等方面的作用和影响上.最后分析了草莓无土栽培存在的问题并指出草莓营养液栽培未来的研究内容.

果树栽培学是园艺专业的一门重要专业课程，具有很强的实践性、应用性和灵活性。该门课程的实验实践教学对于学生专业技能的培养具有重要的实践意义。该文针对果树栽培学实践教学中存在的问题进行了浅析，并结合我校目前的实践教学情况提出了些许实践教学的改革建议，为实施有效教学、提高教学水平、提高学生实践能力提供参考。

The researches and practice of the teaching reform of horticultural plant biotechnology were elaborated from the aspects of optimizing teaching contents, enriching teaching means, reforming teaching methods, perfecting assessment modes, promoting textbook construction and enhancing teaching staff construction and so on.

有关资料介绍"高秆菠菜"是菠菜的新品种,资料写道:"高秆菠菜是由乌克兰国家科学院培育而成,我国于1995年引进.高秆菠菜为多年生植物,一次性栽培可利用10～15年,该品种具有高蛋白、质优、稳产、特抗寒等优点.富含营养物质,矿物质、维生素C高于一般叶菜类蔬菜.此菠菜是当代新型蔬菜,有凉拌、热炒、做馅等多种食用方法,是菠菜的一个新品种."我们认为这种说法有些不妥.

本文阐述了植物组织培养和人工种子的基本概念及植物组织培养在农业上的应用,如利用植物组织培养进行植物离体快速繁殖、培养无病毒苗、选育植物新品种和种质资源的保存与交换等.

The strong Taiwan green-jujubes were selected as transplanting materials in this experiment, while Vermiculite, 50% grass mould and 50% vermiculite, 50% garden loam and 50% sand as the transplanting matrixes, and they were conventionally pasteurized. After exercising the plantlets by illumination, they were transplanted in different periods. The results show that the Taiwan green-jujube tube plants of middle growth vigor, middle height in seedling stage and hemi-lignifications were easy to transplant to survive. And the transplanting matrices should have good permeability and certain water-holding capacity. Before transplanting, the optimum exercising time for the plantlets shouldn't be longer than 15 days, 12 days in the bottles and 3 days out of the bottles. The optimum transplanting date was in May or June, with the temperature of 20～25 ℃. And thus the survival rate of Taiwan green-jujube tube transplants could reach 72.70%.

实践教学是园艺人才培养的重要内容.建立完善的实践教学体系,是培养"强能力、高素质、广适应"新型园艺合格人才的重要保证.

本试验通过对卡特兰、大花蕙兰、紫罗兰、新几内亚凤仙、捕蝇草、长寿花的组培苗移栽到不同的基质中,比较其成活率和长势,以期筛选出适宜各种花卉组培苗移栽的基质配方.结果表明:卡特兰组培苗最适宜移栽的基质为1/2苔藓+1/2砂子,移栽成活率高达100%;大花蕙兰组培苗最适宜移栽的基质为苔藓,移栽成活率达100%;非洲紫罗兰组培苗最适宜移栽的基质为蛭石,其成活率达到98%;新几内亚凤仙组培苗最适宜移栽的基质为1/2蛭石+1/2草炭,其移栽成活率为96.7%;捕蝇草组培苗最适宜移栽的基质为1/2椰绒+1/2珍珠岩,其移栽成活率达到100%;长寿花组培苗最适宜移栽的基质为1/3珍珠岩+2/3蛭石,其移栽成活率达到96.7%.

Seeds of two hybrid docks were treated with NaCl, Mg SO _4 and CaCl_2 solutions of different concentrations, and seed germination perc entage determined. The results showed that generally germination percentage dec lined with increase in concentration, though there were exceptions. The respons e of hybrid dock seeds to salt stress varied with changing concentration and the type of salt used. The docks were assessed as having medium salt tolerance.

大蒜(Allium sativum L.)别名蒜、胡蒜,为百合科葱属二年生草本植物,是我国的主要栽培蔬菜.

通过对新几内亚凤仙组织培养及入土移栽的技术研究,分别筛选出诱导芽分化的最适培养基和诱导生根的最适培养基.试验结果表明,不同的激素浓度对新几内亚凤仙组培苗的生长效果有着较大的影响,最适宜的诱导芽分化的培养基为MS+NAA 0.3 mg*L-1+6-BA 0.8 mg*L-1,诱导率为90%;最适宜的生根培养基为1/2 MS+NAA 0.3 mg*L-1,生根率为93.3%;最适宜的移栽基质为蛭石+粗砂(1∶1),成活率为87%.

The salt tolerance of Rumex K-1 hybrid (Rumex patientia×R.Tianschanicus, cv. Rumex K-1) was evaluated. According to the determination of germination and root shoot of cultured seedlings, and growth status adult plants in the fields under different salt stresses, the salt tolerance was studied comprehensively. The results show that the salt tolerance of Rumex K-1 varied from 6.0‰ to 8.0‰.

Using conductance method to determin annual shoot of western pear with consecutive low-ering temperature treatment compared with the method of water-cutting vernalization and observation of shape dissection.The results showed that conductance method was simple and accuracy for deter-mining the cold resistance of western pear.

Using tissue culture technology to induce the bud of Cymbidium, it is selected from the four different mediums that the optimal medium inducing bud is 1/2MS+NAA 0.4 mg/L+6-BA 1.5 mg/L. Meanwhile, using different matrix and nutrition liquid to transplant and cultivate the sprout of test tube with quick growth, it shows that Cymbidium, which is based on moss as transplant matrix, reaches the highest survival rate, that is, 100%. In soilless culture, using prescription of nutrition liquid whose vast elements are Ca(NO3)2 472 mg/L+KNO3 809 mg/L+(NH4)2HPO4 153 mg/L+MgSO4 493 mg/L to irrigate Cymbidium, the growth of Cymbidium can be promoted obviously.

利用组织培养和茎段扦插的方法进行五彩番茄的试管内外的快繁.试管内试验所采用的培养基是MS培养基,附加的植物激素是IBA及6-BA,在6-BA浓度一定的情况下,不同浓度的IBA对五彩番茄茎尖生长势影响不同,以1.0 mg/L(毫克/升)的浓度的效果最好,0.1 mg/L(毫克/升)的浓度的效果次之,以2.0 mg/L(毫克/升)的浓度的效果最差,在入土移栽几种基质中,以蛭石:草炭=2:1时成活率最高.试管外快繁试验是在处理时间一致的前提下,通过不同浓度IBA刺激茎段基部,并将其扦插入蛭石中,以IBA浓度为20 mg/kg(毫克/公斤)处理的植株成活率最高,生根最好.

通过对丽格海棠组织培养及入土移栽方面的研究，筛选出诱导芽分化的最适培养基是MS+NAA0.2 mg/L+6-BA0.8 mg/L，诱导率是93.3％；适宜生根的培养基是1/2MS+NAA0.6mg/L，生根率为95.3％。入土移栽最佳基质为蛭石+粗砂，其成活率为86.6％。

本试验采用以生物膜学说为依据的电导法，侧定经连续梯度降温处理的和煮沸杀死后的西洋梨一年生枝条的电导率，并换算成电解质渗出率。从所得的数值中找出质膜透性的变化规律，以寻求监测西洋梨耐寒性的鉴定方法。为验证其准确性，将各处理材料分别再进行水培扦插催芽及形态解剖观察。以观察发芽情况和组织结构变化。观察结果与测得生理指标相一致，表明电解质渗出率测定西洋梨的耐寒性，是一种简易准确的方法。

根据作者近几年果树实践教学的体会,提出了强化果树实践教学的意义、实施措施及保证实践教学达到预期效果的必备条件.

北海道黄杨当年生枝条,用不同外源激素、不同时间和不同浓度处理后插入蛭石中培养.试验结果表明:当年生枝条生根率优于带一段老枝的当年生枝条生根率,扦插30 d后,生根率达84.71%.IBA和NAA对促进北海道黄杨生根均有一定效果,但生根率IBA高于NAA,使用IBA和NAA进行高浓度短时间处理时,以浓度为800 mg/L时效果最好,经IBA处理后的插条,平均根数为25.67条,经NAA处理后的插条平均根数为9.01条.使用IBA和NAA进行低浓度长时间处理时,生根效果随激素浓度的升高而增加,IBA以浓度为160 mg/L处理14～18 h效果最好,平均根数为49.88条;NAA以浓度为160 mg/L处理10～14 h效果最好,平均根数为14.33条.

杂种酸模 97- 1是应用现代生物技术选育出的新品系 ,经过 2年的栽培与观察表明 ,返青早 ,营养生长量大 ,其平均叶长 6 0 .5 7cm、叶宽 18.44cm,生长速度快 ,生物学产量高 ,平均株产达 12 .90 kg,鲜草产量 32 2 5 0 kg/6 6 7m2 ,粗蛋白含量高达 35 .78%