Protection,exploitation and application of the bast-fiber resources depends on full understanding and mastery of the gene pools of quantitative genetic variation,distribution and their evolutionary relationships.Molecular marker technique is not influenced by environmental factors and can test DNA from any growth stage,thus it has become a modern scientific research tool which can make up for the shortcomings of those quite limiting traditional methods.Currently,our knowledge about genetics of bast-fiber crop is very limited,but it is important for breeding these plants.A Highly saturated genetic linkage map would provide a solid basis for quantitative trait loci(QTL) mapping,positional gene cloning,comparative genomics studies and marker-assisted selection.In this article,we′ve given a systematic description of application of the molecular marker techniques,on genetic linkage map construction,QTL mapping and marker-assisted selection of kenaf,jute,flax,ramie,hemp and sisal.

Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is an important economic crop in China.To identify germplasm resources and establish the data base of DNA fingerprintings,we adopted six kenaf germplasm resources to screen 80 ISSR primers,20 of which were polymorphic.Then 20 ISSR primers were used to amplify 84 kenaf germplasm resources introduced and preserved from home and abroad.Totally 230 bands were produced,the average number of DNA bands amplified by each primer was 11.5,and the number of polymorphic DNA bands was 185.The polymorphic proportion of DNA bands was 80.43%,which indicated the abundant genetic diversity of kenaf germplasm resources preserved.Based on the DNA bands amplified from 84 kenaf germplasm resources,the Excel data base for PCR amplified bands of the kenaf germplasm resources was established.According to the principle of uniqueness of the fingerprintings,the DNA fingerprints of 82 kenaf germplasm were constructed with five ISSR primers (UBC813,UBC825,UBC836,UBC888,and UBC889) selected from 20 polymorphic primers,using the analyzing software designed by our laboratory programmed and based on image manipulation.The fingerprintings provide a basis of the molecular identification of kenaf germplasm resources.In this research,the DNA fingerprintings system was proved to be feasible and reliable.

On the basis of the experience and practice in the management work of the postgraduate education,the author put forward that the enhancement for quality management of the postgraduate education should be combined with the social demand and the reality of the colleges.Furthermore,the colleges should stick to scientific development,continuously improve the mechanism of the postgraduate education,reinforce the construction of the team of the instructors,gradually promote the reformation of postgraduate education management system,and raise the management level of the postgraduate education.

本文介绍教育创新的内涵与创造性教育的选择,分析了教育创新对教育观念及学生创造力开发的影响与作用,讨论了高校创新基地、创新体制和杰出学科带头人的创新意识对科技创新的决定性作用。

This article summarizes the research advance of germplasm resources and genetic basis of jute and kenaf,focuses on the introduction of signification and research progress of anti-pest,anti-herbicide and salt tolerance transgenic breeding,brings forward the enphasises of deepening the research of germplasm resources and genetic basis of jute and kenaf,which offers certain reference for upgrading the core competitive power of basic science of jute and kenaf in our country.