以济南地铁龙奥站为依托,研究硬岩地层大跨无柱拱形地铁车站结构受力特性及施工技术,进行二维有限差分数值计算,结果表明:基坑施工引起的支护结构水平位移及内力均较小,采用多级放坡开挖和喷锚支护的方式可保证基坑安全施工;无柱拱形结构顶板弯矩、轴力值均较大,同时中板表现为偏心受拉状态,是主体结构中的薄弱环节,但仍具有较大的安全系数,结构整体安全可靠.大跨无柱拱形车站施工技术已在济南地铁龙奥站取得成功应用,可为类似工程提供借鉴.

城市污泥电厂掺烧发电技术是有望实现城市污泥清洁化、资源化利用的新兴技术,近年来受到广泛关注.污泥干化过程产生的废水通常含有大量的污染物,直接排放会带来严重的环境污染问题.为解决污泥干化废水排放问题,文中提出将废水喷入锅炉二次风道的处理技术,希望通过喷嘴将废水雾化为液滴使其在高温二次风中蒸发进入锅炉.在此基础上,文中通过建立数学模型和物理模型,利用Fluent软件进行数值模拟,分析喷嘴安装间距、喷嘴与二次风道壁面距离、二次风温和风速等因素对雾化液滴蒸发过程及效果的影响规律与作用机制,以此分析雾化液滴在二次风道中的蒸发流动特性,进而确定合适的喷嘴布置方式,为实际工程的应用提供一定的参考.

云南香丽高速开达古隧道采用一种无中隔墙连拱隧道设计,在施工期间先行洞衬砌出现大量宽度不等、形态各异的裂缝.针对隧道衬砌裂损病害,通过调查分析手段统计了隧道衬砌裂缝空间分布、宽度、形态、类型随施工过程的变化规律,分析了衬砌病害产生机理及原因,提出了相应的整治技术.该工程在此研究基础上成功解决隧道衬砌病害,可为类似工程提供借鉴.

依托香丽高速海巴洛隧道,针对隧道施工中的大变形以及二衬、仰拱填充开裂情况,结合隧道变形监测数据和FLAC3D数值软件,采用广义Hoek-Brown准则反演围岩参数,开展高海拔地区炭质板岩地层隧道大变形特征分析和支护优化研究.结果 表明:高海拔地区薄层炭质板岩隧道围岩变形特征为:初期变形速率大且持续时间长、变形量大、变形在空间上的不对称性以及受开挖扰动影响大.当选取SF5c支护形式,锁脚锚管采用直径φ42mm,长4.5 m,打设角度45°,注浆范围1 m时,能较好的控制围岩变形,以期为类似工程提供参考.

藏噶隧道穿越高地应力节理化蚀变花岗岩地层,施工时围岩变形呈现出变形量值大、变形速率快、水平收敛大于竖向沉降、持续时间长等特征.采用数值模拟方法对施工初期提出的原支护设计方案进行分析,验证所建立模型及其参数的合理性.通过数值模拟与现场试验,提出以调整边墙曲率、长短锚杆结合、双层初期支护为主的防抗结合的围岩变形综合控制措施.数值模拟结果表明:采用综合控制措施后,围岩变形量值得到控制,围岩变形速率明显降低,拱墙围岩塑性区较小,初期支护结构安全系数满足要求,能够保证围岩和支护结构稳定.现场试验段应用综合控制措施后,围岩变形的量值、速率及持续时间均得以控制,围岩变形收敛速度较快,施工效果良好,施工效率得到较大提高.

The large deformation of surrounding rock occurred frequently when Zangga tunnel passed through the high-stress jointed altered granite formation, and the deformation could not be controlled by the design scheme proposed in the initial stage of construction. Based on the monitoring results and geological data, this paper analyzed the deformation characteristics of jointed and altered granite in Zangga tunnel, and discussed the influencing factors of deformation. By means of a field test, the comprehensive control measures of surrounding rock deformation, which mainly includes adjusting the curvature of sidewall, combining long and short bolts and double-layer primary support, were studied. The results show that the deformation is characterized by large deformation value, fast deformation rate and long duration, and its tunnel convergence is greater than crown settlement. The influences of active fault on surrounding rock and alteration of surrounding rock are the internal causes of large deformation of the tunnel, while high ground stress is the external factor. The field test results show that the deformation value, rate and duration of surrounding rock can be controlled after the comprehensive control measures are adopted, and the construction efficiency is greatly improved.