目的:设计医用直线加速器维修专家决策系统,实现医用直线加速器全生命周期维护管理.方法:以C#.Net+SQL Server 2008数据库为开发环境,采用网站式结构,通过运用动态服务器页面(ASP)技术,结合超文本标记语言(HTML)、ASP指令和对象、ActiveX元件及SQL Server数据库,建立医用直线加速器维修专家决策系统.以可靠性为中心的维修(RCM)分析模式,对2009-2018年医院在用的Precise医用直线加速器发生的560例维修案例进行分析,确立维修专家决策系统的模型,统计医用直线加速器的开机率和10年运行总成本.结果:制定设备预防性维修和校正性维修方案,结合网络技术,医用直线加速器维修专家决策系统运行后,医院医用直线加速器的开机率由2013年的96.7％提高至2018年的98.6％,10年运行总成本较厂家保修费用降低了77.5％.结论:医用直线加速器维修专家决策系统能够指导医院的设备维护,确立预防性维修的时间节点和保养内容,优化系统维修策略,获得较高的设备完好率和开机率.

泰山医学院2017年对医学影像技术专业的培养方案进行了论证和修订,结合放射学院的专业优势,瞄准医疗机构对医学影像技术人才的需求,积极探索以医工结合为特色,培养知识复合型、高层次应用型医学影像技术人才培养模式,取得了阶段性研究成果.

目的 设计并完全通过3D打印技术制造测量精度高、制作速度快的MRI质量控制(以下简称质控)体模.方法 设计符合MRI质量控制标准的体模整体和测试组件.采用设计制图软件Pro/Engineer,通过工程制图,设计出MRI质控体模的各模块和外壳的3D模型;导出STL格式文件,并采用3D光敏成型打印机(LITE600HD)整体打印并组装.采用1.5T MR成像系统对体模进行测试.结果 星形测试模块测得相位编码方向极限分辨率为6.55 LP/cm,频率编码方向为4.19 LP/cm.几何畸变测试模块测量图像畸变率为9.94％.层厚测试模块实际计算层厚为5.63～6.51 mm,偏差为+1.51 mm,图像纵横比为0.984.结论 通过3D打印制造MRI质量控制体模测试精度高,成本低,加工速度快,能够满足MRI日常质控和定制化体模的需要.

研究DICOM格式图像的非线性开窗显示方法,并同目前常用的线性开窗显示方法进行比较.本研究提出了逆线性、指数型、对数型、幂律型、S型、倒S型和基于复杂曲线的伪彩色非线性开窗显示方法,并比较了各种开窗显示方法.仿真结果表明,线性开窗显示适合于较亮背景中的低密度病变细节显示,对低密度病变增强效果较好.逆线性开窗显示刚好相反.对数型开窗显示能够将窗口中较窄范围的低密度值映射到较宽范围的输出密度值来显示,对窗口中的低密度病变增强效果好,而指数型开窗显示相反.幂律型开窗显示根据幂的取值不同分别类似于线性、指数型和对数型开窗显示.S型和倒S型开窗显示对窗口中的中等密度的病变增强效果好.基于复杂曲线的伪彩色显示方法,能够在较宽的窗口中显示较多的病变信息.非线性方法能够显示更多的图像信息,是线性方法的较好补充.

为了比较乳腺恶性和良性病变在数字化乳腺X线图像中的影像学特征,在美国南佛罗里达大学的数字化乳腺X线图像数据库中随机选取466名病人的数字化乳房X线图像.在乳腺成像领域有着5年以上经验的放射学专家对乳腺恶性和良性病变的影像学特征进行比较.两样本t检验表明恶性乳腺病变在1 cm×1 cm区域内的钙化数量明显高于良性乳腺病变(P＜0.001).同时,恶性乳腺病变中的不规则或有毛刺状边缘的分叶状肿块的比例明显高于良性乳腺病变(P＜0.000 1).而不规则或边缘局限的分叶状肿块的比较结果却截然相反.此外,良性乳腺病变中边缘局限的椭圆或圆形肿块的比例明显高于恶性乳腺病变(P=0.001).然而,当前研究数据表明只有恶性乳腺病变表现出边缘局限的椭圆或圆形肿块.恶性乳腺病变的结构扭曲率(5.2％)略高于良性乳腺病变(1.7％)(P=0.042).其他的影像学特征并没有明显差异.本研究表明恶性乳腺病变的主要影像学特征为有毛刺状边缘或者结构扭曲的肿块、钙化集中(在1 cm×1 cm区域内的钙化数量超过21个),而良性乳腺病变的主要影像学特征为边缘局限的肿块.

乳腺钼靶X线片微钙化点自动提取是乳腺图像处理中的热点问题.许多算法已经被提出,但由于阳性检出率低,假阳性率高,不能完全满足临床应用的需要.本文提出一种基于克隆算法的微钙化点自动提取方法,目的是获得高阳性检出率和较低的假阳性率.该方法基于对克隆技术分析和假设的基础上,模拟动物克隆过程,建立一种新的克隆算法数学模型.本文数学模型被用于乳腺钼靶X片微钙化点自动提取,取得较好效果.计算机仿真结果验证了本文算法的有效性.

针对学生在模拟电子技术学习和实验中遇到的一些问题,发现模拟电子实验箱并不是功能越多、越精美越好,为了增强学生对实验的兴趣和信心,提高学生分析电路和连接电路的能力,研制了元器件可见的、单一功能的模拟电子技术基础实验箱.实践表明,该实验箱满足了教学的需要,电路维修方便,彰显了学校的办学特色,具有很高的实用性和推广价值.

“元器件可视化模拟电子基础实验箱”是功能单一、布局简单、连接方便且元器件全部可见的.“元器件可视化模拟电子基础实验箱”做到了让同学可以一目了然,可以让同学对实验对象的原理、功能、特性等能更好地掌握.而且“元器件可视化模拟电子基础实验箱”电路简单,降低故障,维修方便,这样可以避免一些浪费,节约大笔经费.

“元器件可视化模拟电子基础实验箱”是功能单一、布局简单、连接方便且元器件全部可见的模拟电子实验箱.可以让同学们在实验过程中看到实验元器件和电路图连线,能更加清楚的理解实验原理. 作为一名大学生,从学生的角度讲,模拟电子实验箱在学习过程中扮演着非常重要的角色,是在学生做实验过程中直接接触到的,对学生了解实验目的、实验原理都非常重要.模拟电子实验箱是学生在实验过程中直接接触的东西,然而原来的实验箱只能看到复杂的电路图,电子元器件全部安装在电路板的反面,而且连线以及电子元器件都非常的繁杂,学生在实验过程中见到的只是简单地元器件符号和连接孔,学生只需要简单地连线,记录实验结果就可以完成实验,不能见到实际的电子元器件,这显然失去实验本身的意义.学生即使能看到元器件也不清楚是什么元器件,不能与电路图一一对应起来,更不知道元器件在电路中起到的作用,更不会理解实验原理,所以对原有实验箱进行改造是非常有必要的.这样做完实验真正培养了学生的动手能力和实践能力,学生的素质可以得到锻炼和提升,为以后的学习和工作都奠定了坚实的基础.

泰山医学院生物医学工程学专业作为山东省特色专业已经加入山东省"卓越计划".在新形势下如何深化"卓越计划"中的实践教学改革,是许多高校所面临的一个重要课题.文章结合实际,分析了泰山医学院生物医学工程专业实践教学存在的不足以及生物医学工程专业加入"卓越计划"后的发展要求,构建了有利于提升医学院校生物医学工程专业的学生工程素养,提高学生的工程实践、工程设计和工程创新能力的实践教学体系.

以培养卓越工程师为目标,以生物医学工程专业实验室为平台.对生物医学工程专业实验教学体系、实验教学模式、实验教学设备及实验师资队伍进行改革和创新.在综合研究性实验中,引入PBL教学模式,通过设计问题引入实验,以小组为单位设计实验方案,通过查阅有关文献资料,在小组分析和讨论的基础上,完成实验课程设计.指导教师在实验中对学生进行合理引导,及时进行反馈评价.通过教学改革,学生的思维能力和解决问题的能力得到了提高,为培养知识丰富、具有创新力的工程技术人才提供基础.

In order to meet the needs of the analog electronic technology experiment teaching,this paper analyzes the existing problems of experiment box,and according to the experiment teaching experience for many years,we have developed a suitable experiment box for the students in our school.Practice has proved that the experiment box can complete basic,designing and comprehensive experi-ments,which own stable performance,convenient maintenance,greatly reduce the costs of the laboratory construction,and enhance the students’ability of practice and innovation.This work has obtained the good effect of experiment teaching,and meets the design requirements.

目的:检测三种显示器的性能,应用图像质量因子(IQF)值定量评价三种显示器用于医学图像显示的效果,评估三种显示器用于医学图像诊断的可行性.方法:使用亮度及照度测量器L100测量显示器的亮度,使用美国医学物理师协会(AAPM)测试图对三种显示器(彩色LED显示器,黑白LED医用显示器,高亮度彩色手机显示屏)的亮度响应进行量化评价并绘出标准的亮度响应曲线.使用对比度细节体模CDRAD2.0图像,通过计算IQF值,评价三种显示器的图像解析能力并使用ANOVA对IQF值进行统计学分析.结果:三种显示器的亮度比均超过了AAPM TG18的推荐标准,彩色LCD显示器和手机屏对比度响应的测量值都在标准值的±10％范围内,但并不是都完全符合AAPM TG18文件推荐的标准.黑白LCD显示器与其它两种显示器的IQF值有显著统计学差异,黑白显示器的图像质量较好.结论:亮度响应好的显示器,其成像质量也较好.手机LCD屏虽不能完全满足AAPM TG18文件的要求,但其在显示图像细节方面与彩色LCD显示屏差别甚微.

This paper presents a probability segmentation algorithm for lung nodules based on three-dimensional features. Firstly, we computed intensity and texture features in region of interest (ROI) pixel by pixel to get their feature vector, and then classified all the pixels based on their feature vector. At last, we carried region growing on the classified result, and got the final segmentation result. Using the public Lung Imaging Database Consortium (LIDC) lung nodule datasets, we verified the performance of proposed method by comparing the probability map within LIDC datasets, which was drawn by four radiology doctors separately. The experimental results showed that the segmentation algorithm using three-dimensional intensity and texture features would be effective.

Computer-aided detection (CAD) of pulmonary nodule technology can effectively assist the radiologist to enhance lung nodule detection efficiency and accuracy rate, so it can lay the foundation for the early diagnosis of lung cancer. In order to provide reference for the scholars and to develop the CAD technology, we in this paper review the technology research and development of CAD of the pulmonary nodules which is based on CT image in recent years both home and abroad. At the same time, we also analyse the advantages and shortcomings of different methods. Then we present the improvement direction for reference. According to the literature in recent years, there still has been large development space in CAD technology for pulmonary nodules. The establishment and improvement of the CAD system in each step would be of great scientific value.

To distinguish lateral modes of broad-stripe diode laser array (LDA) is difficult, because the structure of lateral modes is complex. By using multiple beams coherent combined beam theory, the expression of far field pat-tern is got. Based on the expression, the lateral mode of emitter decides the envelope line of far field pattern. From the experimental records, with an external cavity, broad-stripe semiconductor diode laser array had been phase locked. The phase-locking between one order lateral modes (fundamental lateral mode was most easily phase locked) of emitters of the LDA is realized, the other order lateral modes was inhibited. A comparison between theory model and experimentation was also made, satisfying result had been obtained. From these results, it can be concluded that using lateral mode of LDA, the quality of LDA beams can be improved.

Objective:To test the resolution limit of center-ray point and other points in X-ray radiographic area by using star test pattern, analyze the rule of resolution limit. Methods: To mark six other points respectively along long axis and short axis of the X-ray tube by taking center-ray point as zero. Place star test pattern on every marked point and test resolution limit of X-ray tube focus, finally gain statistic data and made curve of resolution limit. Results:1.The resolution limits of the focus’ width about all points in X-ray tube’s long axis are almost equal, but those data of the focus’ length about each point in X-ray tube’s long axis are different. 2.The resolution limit of the focus’ width and length about each points in X-ray tube’s short axis are almost equal. Conclusion: In radiographic area, only these resolution limits of the focus’ length about all points in X-ray tube’s long axis are different.

结合我校生物医学工程专业实际情况,阐述实践教学在创新型应用人才培养中的地位,对构建实践教学体系进行研究、探索,提出构建实践教学体系的思路和原则；基本框架；创新教学形式,建立实践教学保障体系,强化实践教学,提高生物医学工程专业学生的实践能力和创新能力.

Aiming at the problems and deficiencies of traditional experiment teaching of biomedical engineering, this paper explores a series of reforms to the original teaching mode and states clearly the direction of experimental teaching reform and the specific content, outstanding interdisciplinary subject. In the teaching reform, in order to cultivate students' basic skills and the ability to analyze and to solve the problem, in order to improve the overall quality of students and to cultivate high-level innovative talents as the ultimate goal, this article discusses the main content of the reform of the biomedical engineering from the teaching methods, teaching material construction, teaching contents, lab management, diversified evaluation methods. The experimental teaching reform fully arouses the enthusiasm of the students' learning, and enhances the students' ability of practice and innovation, and improves the intersection between different disciplines, and has obtained the good teaching effect.

Combining with the characteristics of biomedical engineering, we analyzed the importance of experimental teaching, built a"structured, multi-level and open"practice teaching system, improved experimental teaching method, and established a student-centered mode of experimental teaching by strengthening teachers team construction and improving the laboratory informatization and network construction.