The construction of heterostructures for precise electron-transfer paths at the interface is crucial to widespread photocatalytic applications. In this context, we have implemented a simple one-step strategy to precisely transfer electrons from the conduction band of N-doped ZnO (N–ZnO) to the valence band of g-C3N4 by an S-scheme structure. The diverse structures and properties of the fabricated photocatalysts were synergistically verified using a series of characterization techniques. Notably, the direction of electron migration within this system was confirmed through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) demonstrated low charge transfer resistance, and photocurrent along with photoluminescence analyses showed enhanced spatial charge carriers separation capability of the heterostructures. Furthermore, the composite presented the cellular geometry and the long-term durability. These brought about the boosted photocatalytic performance for CO2 reduction and norfloxacin (NOR) degradation. Specifically, the optimized composite containing 10 wt

The separation and migration of photoexcited holes are of crucial importance to the enhanced photocatalytic performance of composite. To arouse much more concern about them, the efficient and steady CaCO3/g-C3N4 composites with different mass percents of CaCO3 were innovatively designed by a green approach for environmental remediation in the present study. The crystalline structure, band structure, micromorphology and heterojunction structure of these prepared samples were synergistically characterized by employing different technologies. An obviously improved visible-light catalytic performance of CO2 reduction and RhB oxidation for the composite was possessed in comparison with bare g-C3N4. The perfect CaCO3 ratio among these composites was 20

N-ZnO/g-C3N4 (MZC) composites with varying N-ZnO contents were fabricated by a green grinding strategy aimed at constructing an S-scheme heterojunction with enhanced visible-light catalytic performance. The characterizations and properties of these photocatalysts, along with the reaction mechanism, were investigated in detail. Especially, the transfer direction of photoexcited electrons in the MZC was commendably determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The results demonstrated that the MZC presented superior performances in the reduction of CO2 and the degradation of ciprofloxacin compared with single components. Therein, the MZC-20 achieved the best photocatalytic degradation efficiency of 99.7

共享经济的出现转变了传统商业模式,实现所有权利用最大化.起初,共享经济的发展目的是为了使闲置资源可以充分发挥其应用价值,伴随共享经济的进一步发展,社会中可以用于利用的资源类型也更加多样化.也正是因为资源利用类型多样化,使得共享经济法律问题呈现出复杂性特征.基于此,文章对共享经济法律规制展开研究,提出几点共享经济法律规制策略,以供参考.

The objective of this study was to construct the S-scheme Bi2WO6/α-Bi2O3 heterojunctions with high enhanced visible-light photocatalytic performance. The composites loaded various Bi2WO6 mass ratios were prepared by a ball grinding method. The characterization and reaction mechanism of photocatalysts were explored in detail. Remarkably, the results demonstrated that the Bi2WO6/α-Bi2O3 presented an outstandingly superior performance for photodegradation of nitrobenzene. Among them, the 10%Bi2WO6/α-Bi2O3 possessed the best photocatalytic property, and it could reach up to 95.7% in 50 min with the top rate constant of 0.06178 min−1, which was 4.3 and 3.6 times that of bare Bi2O3 and Bi2WO6, respectively. Simultaneously, the Bi2WO6/α-Bi2O3 was well stable after five cycling experiments. The efficiently improved photocatalytic performance was primarily attributed to the formation of S-scheme structure between Bi2WO6 and α-Bi2O3, which enhanced the conspicuous separating efficiency of photogenerated carriers. The present study not only offers a method to solve the unsatisfactory activity of Bi2O3, but also provides some insights into the design of other novel S-scheme composites with great potential application in clean energy and environmental remediation. The efficiently improved photocatalytic performance was primarily attributed to the formation of S-scheme structure between Bi2WO6 and α-Bi2O3, which enhanced the conspicuous separating efficiency of photogenerated carriers.

In this paper, nitrobenzene was found to be efficiently degraded by the as-prepared Z-scheme Bi2O3/Bi2WO6 photocatalyst under visible light. The Bi2WO6 and the composites were fabricated individually by solid phase synthesis and water-assisted grinding method. The crystal structure, morphologies, interface, optical property and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of samples were examined by different characterization techniques. The tests on photodegradation of nitrobenzene stated clearly the as-prepared composite exhibited evidently enhanced photocatalytic performace compared with uniphase material. Additionally, the optimal Bi2O3 content in the coupled photocatalysts was 2%. The supreme rate constant of nitrobenzene degradation was almost 3.1 and 2.7 times that of single Bi2O3 and Bi2WO6, respectively. The obviously increased photocatalytic performance of the composite was due to the highly effective separation of photoexcited electron-hole pairs over the Z-scheme structure formed between Bi2O3 and Bi2WO6. The investigation provides great potential applications in treatment of the toxic and refractory wastewater.

The aim of this paper was to arise more attention to accelerating the separation and migration of photoexcited holes in the enhanced photocatalytic performances of composites. The highly effective h-BN/g-C3N4 was fabricated via an economical and environment-protecting way. Different characterization techniques were utilized to examine the crystal structure, morphology, interface, optical property and specific surface of photocatalysts. Their photosensitivity properties, resistance for charge migration and flat-band potentials were explored by the photoelectrochemical analysis. Remarkably, a substantially larger visible-light catalytic CO2 reduction of these composites was observed in contrast to pristine g-C3N4. The composite had the optimum BN dosage of 1 wt% and possessed good stability. The best kinetic constant of RhB degradation was 7.3 times that of bulk g-C3N4. Plate-like negatively charged BN as an efficient transfer of photoinduced holes were primarily responsible for the highly effective carriers separation in these prepared composites, thus contributing to much more electrons maintained on the conduction band of g-C3N4 with powerful reduction potential to easily induce reduction reactions and the enhanced photocatalytic performance. The present study offers valuable insights into designing of other fresh composites with efficient holes transfer, as well as an approach to resolve the low energy conversing efficiency of g-C3N4 in photocatalytic CO2 reduction and comprehensive ecological improvement.

Pristine Ag3PO4 is arousing considerable interests in the field of photocatalysis, but its stability and photo -catalytic performance are still facing great challenges. Here, an efficient and ambient-stable C-ZnO/Ag3PO4 composite with various C-ZnO ratios was innovatively designed for environmental governance via visible light catalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP). The present study significantly enhanced the spatial charge sepa-ration capability by constructing the S-scheme structure between C-ZnO and Ag3PO4, as well as addressed the photocorrosion and stability issues of Ag3PO4 by anchoring nanoscale C-ZnO nanosheet. As a result, the pho-tocatalysts were successfully fabricated via the green grinding method and were synergistically characterized using different technologies. Remarkably, the optimal mass proportion of C-ZnO in as-prepared composite was 30%, and the supreme rate constant of CIP degradation was 0.04811 min-1, which was 11.7 and 2.8 times that of C-ZnO and Ag3PO4, respectively. The preset work can not only offer several insights into resolving the unde-sirable photocatalytic performance and stability of Ag3PO4, but also offer the design of other novel p-type Ag3PO4-based composites for multifarious applications in environmental remediation.

The Bi2WO6 and CuAlO2 powders were synthesized through the method of solid-state reaction. This study prepared the newly and highly effective p–n type CuAlO2/Bi2WO6 photocatalysts that had diverse CuAlO2 compositions by employing an environmentally friendly and economical approach. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), photoluminescence (PL) emission spectra, and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy were adopted to characterize the photocatalysts. The as-synthesized CuAlO2/Bi2WO6 heterocatalyst was utilized to reduce toxic Cr (VI) ions into Cr (III) by means of photoreduction under visible light irradiation. When CuAlO2(1.0 wt.%)/Bi2WO6 was used, the Cr (VI) photoreduction rate constant was 4.7 times as many as that of pure Bi2WO6. The study also investigated how the ball milling time and CuAlO2 composition affected the performance of CuAlO2/Bi2WO6. In addition, the stability of composite was investigated. The results revealed that the high conductivity of CuAlO2, excellent crystalline quality, and the p–n heterojunction between CuAlO2 and Bi2WO6 exerted a vital role in enhancing the photoreduction performance. This work explores the design of other new heterocatalysts, especially the p–n type composites containing CuAlO2.

分别使用SYSPIPE软件和CAESARII软件对同一管道进行应力分析,比较计算结果可知,SYSPIPE软件在不同工况下计算得到应力分析值均高于CAESARII软件,SYSPIPE对管道应力计算结果偏于保守;CAESARII软件可以作为SYSPIPE软件的校验工具,应力比不大时也可替代SYSPIPE软件进行应力分析.

ACP1000作为拥有完整自主知识产权的核电技术,其严格遵循和贯彻"纵深防御"设计要求,加强严重事故应对措施.核岛疏水排气的设计起到完善整个核岛废水和废气系统的作用,以减少运行人员的辐照和放射性物质向环境释放.本文重点探讨ACP1000核岛疏水排气设计原则和疏水排气管线布置原则,以进一步完善系统设计和提高ACP1000安全设计水平.

In this paper, a significantly photoinduced synergy between ammonium nitrate and sodium sulfite via dye decolorization was first found. This study mainly aims to explore the influences of several fundamental aspects on the photoinduced synergy as well as discuss the detailed mechanisms. The dye removal efficiencies of methyl orange and methylene blue of the synergistic system are much higher than that of a single one, and they reach 96.4% and 90.7% when the illumination is 6 and 14 min, respectively. The optimum mass ratio of sodium sulfite and ammonium nitrate in the reaction system is 1:1. The reaction process of photoinduced synergy follows the first-order reaction equation. Effects of different structures of dyes, amount of sodium sulfite and initial dye concentration on the synergistic effect were investigated. The changes of UV-vis spectra in the course of photoinduced synergy were also examined. The excellent synergistic effect can owe to the simultaneous photoreduction and photooxidation reaction with respect to photoinduced hydrated electrons (eaq-) and SO4•- active species, respectively. This work may provide some insight into detoxifying water contaminants in practical applications as well as developing other novel photoinduced synergistic systems with high performance.

分别以L-苯丙氨酸和对氨基苯酚为功能分子和印迹分子,采用循环伏安法将二者聚合到玻碳电极表面,并通过洗脱,制备出对氨基苯酚分子印迹传感器.考察了底液成分及浓度、扫描圈数、扫描速度、电压范围、洗脱液种类、洗脱时间等因素对传感器性能的影响.实验结果表明:该分子印迹传感器检测对氨基苯酚具有特异的识别性,在3.0×10-6 mol/L-1.0×10-3 mol/L范围内,对氨基苯酚的氧化峰电流与浓度呈正比,检出限达8.0×10-7 mol/L,用于样品分析的结果令人满意.

Strengthening specialty construction is an important step for improving the quality of talent cultivation,showing the feature of a specialty and concision the group of discipline and specialty in applied universities.This paper discussed the construction of materials science and engineering in bengbu university from the following aspects:such as emphasizing professional content,enhancing the teaching staff,strengthening curriculum and textbook,intensifying the practical teaching,optimizing the talent training program,perfecting the teaching quality monitoring system,and so on.These approaches will provide a better service for creating a demonstration base of new silicon-based material industry in Bengbu.

热力学基础是物理化学的重中之重,热力学基础的学习效果对整个物理化学的学习起着至关重要的作用,但因教学内容多、理论性强,学习难度较大.我们提倡采用理解概念、掌握公式、注重运算、归纳知识框架体系四位一体的方法,来提高物理化学的学习效果和学习质量.实践证明,这些做法对提高物理化学中“热力学基础”的学习效果起到了较大的促进作用.

In this paper, the decolorization of a series of azo dyes by sulfite aqua was studied under UV light irradiation and in the dark, respectively. Soluble azo dyes were easily decolorized with high decolorization efficiency under UV light irradiation, while their decolorization efficiency was much lower in the dark. The ultraviolet light is of the utmost importance for the rapid decolorization of azo dyes. As for the 10 mg/L Methyl Orange and Congo Red exposed to UV light, the decolorization efficiency reaches up to 95.9% in 10 min and 95.8% in 20 min, using 1.0 g/L and 8.0 g/L sodium sulfite, respectively. Whereas, for the same concentration of azo dyes and sodium sulfite, the decolorization efficiency of Methyl Orange and Congo Red is only 13.8% and 25.6%, respectively, even if they are laid in the dark with sodium sulfite for 48 h. The decolorization process of Methyl Orange and Congo Red follows the first order rate kinetics. The location of absorption peak in the visible region is blue-shifted in the course of the reaction. It is proposed that the decolorization of azo dyes is a reduction reaction. The chromophore of azo dye reacts with hydrogen and results in their decolorization. The possible mechanisms of the reductive decolorization of azo dyes were also discussed.

系统设计中,需要对管网进行水力计算,来指导管网布置.本文针对已经确定流量的冷却净化系统管网,通过PIPENET软件对管网进行管径选型、压降计算等仿真分析,确定了适宜的管道尺寸,得到了水泵的选型参数,并在软件中对净化冷却系统管网进行适当优化,调整管路流量分配,以确保管网布置可满足最终的运行需求.

利用循环伏安法,探究了铜和聚L-甲硫氨酸在玻碳电极表面电化学聚合的最佳条件,制备了铜掺杂聚L-甲硫氨酸修饰电极.同时研究了对苯二酚在Cu-PLM/GCE表面上的电化学行为,建立了方便实用的测定对苯二酚的方法.结果显示:在pH为3.5的磷酸缓冲溶液(PBS)中,以240 mV/s的速率扫描,对苯二酚在修饰电极上产生一对灵敏的氧化还原峰,Epa=0.297 V,Epc=0.220 V.对苯二酚氧化峰电流与其浓度在8.0× 10-5～2.0×10-3 mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为8.0× 10-7 mol/L.对对苯二酚样品的测定分析,结果满意.

利用循环伏安法制备铜掺杂聚L-赖氨酸修饰玻碳电极,并对抗坏血酸的电化学行为进行研究.建立用循环伏安法测定抗坏血酸的新方法.在pH =2.5的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,扫描速率为180 mV/s,抗坏血酸在修饰电极上产生一灵敏的氧化峰,响应峰电位为0.364 V,抗坏血酸的浓度峰电流在8.0×10-5～ 8.0×10-3 mol/L的范围内有良好的线性关系,检出限为8.0×10-7mol/L.对橙汁饮品进行测定,结果满意.