The Hungarian composer L. Melis set some parts of the Mulomedicina Chironis to music. The Mulomedicina Chironis is a well known document of the ancient veterinary medicine written in Latin language.,Only 12 of the 183 paragraphs of the third volume were used to set to music. The piece is a trial of the composer to compromise the common demand on the art through the modern science.

Nicht an der ETH, wie die Leute immer wieder rätseln, bildet sich der Schweizer Tierarzt aus, sondern an den Universitäten von Bern und Zürich. In der Schweiz gibt es nämlich zwei Ausbildungsstätten für Tierärzte, aber nicht etwa eine deutschsprachige und eine frankophone oder italienischsprachige. Die schweizerische Zweiteilung der Tierarzneischulen (TAS) hat andere Ursachen, nicht kulturelle. Die Schweiz war seit Jahrhunderten ein loser Bund von Kleinstaaten. Die föderalistische Organisation wurde nur kurze Zeit durch das Einheitsstatut der Helvetischen Republik unterbrochen. Schon 1803 stellte die Mediationsakte die 13 alten Orte der Eidgenossenschaft wieder her und schuf sechs weitere Kantone dazu. Somit bestand wenig Anreiz für eine gesamtschweizerische Lösung, als 1805 in Bern eine TAS gegründet wurde. Auch der vom Wiener Kongress inaugurierte Schweizer Bundesvertrag von 1815,welcher die sog. Restaurationszeit einleitete, sah gesamtheitliche Lösungen fast nur im Wehrwesen vor, was schon Mühe genug bereitete. Das war die Zeit, als sich Zürich 1820 daran machte, eine weitere TAS zu errichten (Zschokke, 1920; Storck, 1977). Beide schweizerischen Schulen waren somit kantonale Institutionen. Die ersten ausländischen TAS, im späten 18.Jahrhundert gegründet, wurden gelegentlich zu selbständigen Hochschulen erhoben. Die Schweizer Schulen indes schlossen sich vielmehr den Universitäten von Bern bzw. Zürich an (1900/01 bzw. 1901/ 02). Sie wurden somit zu den weltweit ersten universitären Veterinärfakultäten – ein besonderer Ruhm. Wenn sich heute Bestrebungen durchsetzen, die beiden Schweizer Veterinärfakultäten zu einer einzigen Institution zu vereinigen, so ist nicht zu übersehen, dass die Beschlüsse unserer Tage eine lange und bewegte Vorgeschichte haben. Fusionsgedanken begleiteten die beiden Schulen seit der Mitte des 19.Jahrhunderts, wenn nicht gar von Anfang an. Der vorliegende Rückblick orientiert sich vorwiegend an der Zürcher TAS bzw.Veterinärfakultät. Die hauptsächlich konsultierten Quellen sind, neben anderen, die Fakultätsprotokolle (FP) im Dekanatsarchiv sowie das Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde (SAT).

In various experimental infections inthe mouse, the single doses of chlortetracycline were determined which, when given simultaneously with the infection, prevent death of the animals. Serum concentrations of the antibiotic were measured in mice treated with 80–100% effective doses. During the initial period of infection, which is characterized by insufficient defence (low resistance period), these concentrations are invariably above or approximately equal to the minimum bacteriostatic concentration established in vitro. Hence, it is concluded that in animal experiments the dosage is dependent not only on the in vitro sensitivity of the infectious agent but also on the length of the LRP, during which the micro-organisms have to be controlled by a bacteriostatic agent.

The minimum inhibitory concentration of bactericidal as opposed to bacteriostatic agents does not necessarily have to be maintained in the blood for the full duration of the low resistance period (LRP). Even brief exposure to concentrations which are bactericidal or high enough to induce bacteriopause can effectively suppress the infection. The longer the LRP, the more sustained must be the antibacterial effect. The relations between these factors are examined with reference to the effect of single doses of rifampicin and cephaloridine in a series of experimental infections in the mouse.

SUMMARYAs reported in the literature, there is a potentially wide spectrum of antiparasitic and antibacterial activity in the chemical group of nitroheterocyclic compounds. The schistosomicide Ambilhar (niridazole) is an example of a single compound exhibiting anthelminthic, antiprotozoal, and antibacterial properties. A description is given of some of these properties, as revealed in laboratory experiments.The antiamoebic activity of Ambilhar is superior to that of emetine and chloroquine. This statement applies not only to its curative effect against amoebic liver infection, but also to its amoebicidal activity in the rat intestine. With regard to trichomonicidal activity, reference is made to metronidazole as the chemotherapy of choice in trichomoniasis. When mice are used as test models, however, Ambilhar proves active at the same dosage level as metronidazole. In mice, Ambilhar also displays a distinctive spectrum of antibacterial activity; its effect on various types of Enterobacteriaceae, including Salmonella and Shigella species, is of particular interest.

Research Articles| May 18 2009 Immunological Investigations in Experimental Chemotherapy: III. The Initial Period of Low Resistance in Bacterial Infections of Mice in Relation to Bacteriostatic Chemotherapy Subject Area: Further Areas , Oncology , Pharmacology W. Sackmann W. Sackmann Research Laboratories of CIBA Limited, Pharmaceutical Division, Basle Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Chemotherapy (1968) 13 (5): 276–288. https://doi.org/10.1159/000220560 Article history Published Online: May 18 2009 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation W. Sackmann; Immunological Investigations in Experimental Chemotherapy: III. The Initial Period of Low Resistance in Bacterial Infections of Mice in Relation to Bacteriostatic Chemotherapy. Chemotherapy 1 May 1968; 13 (5): 276–288. https://doi.org/10.1159/000220560 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsChemotherapy Search Advanced Search Article PDF first page preview Close Modal This content is only available via PDF. 1968Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. You do not currently have access to this content.

Research Articles| May 18 2009 Immunological Investigations in Experimental Chemotherapy. I. The Susceptibility of Mice to Homologous Re-infection Following Antibacterial Treatment: I. The Susceptibility of Mice to Homologous Re-infection Following Antibacterial Treatment Subject Area: Further Areas , Oncology , Pharmacology W. Sackmann W. Sackmann From the Research Laboratories of Ciba Limited, Pharmaceutical Division Basle (Switzerland) Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Chemotherapia (1966) 11 (2): 86–94. https://doi.org/10.1159/000220440 Article history Published Online: May 18 2009 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation W. Sackmann; Immunological Investigations in Experimental Chemotherapy. I. The Susceptibility of Mice to Homologous Re-infection Following Antibacterial Treatment: I. The Susceptibility of Mice to Homologous Re-infection Following Antibacterial Treatment. Chemotherapia 1 February 1966; 11 (2): 86–94. https://doi.org/10.1159/000220440 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsChemotherapia Search Advanced Search Article PDF first page preview Close Modal This content is only available via PDF. 1966Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. You do not currently have access to this content.